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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Index
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Michiyo Hirano
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
121-128
Published: December 25, 2011
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This analysis aimed to examine the characteristics and utility of the concept of "social activities of the elderly" in Japan, to improve Japanese community health nursing. The analysis of this concept was based on Rodger's approach and focused on attributes, antecedents, and consequences. The analysis was performed with an inductive approach. The attributes of social activities of the elderly included "interaction with people outside their family," "participation in various groups and organizations," and "social indirect connection through personal activities." The antecedents of social activities of the elderly included "positive attitude towards life," "mental and physical functional status," "living conditions at home," and "characteristics of the region where they live." The consequences of social activities of the elderly included "improvement in their mental and physical health," "a close connection with the community," and "contribution towards society as members of the community." Concept analysis showed that it is necessary to consider support for social activities of the elderly from the viewpoint of "interactions with others" and "social indirect connections."
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Yoko Ishikawa
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
129-136
Published: December 25, 2011
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This study illustrates nurse allocation planning in Tokyo. Nursing shortages, as well as doctor shortage are critical issues in Japan. Patient-nurse ratios in acute hospitals in Japan are lower than those in other OECD countries, although the nurse-population ratio is not remarkably different. We show the demand for nurses based on the current number of patients in hospitals, nursing homes and home care, and in addition to the nursing staff required for services in communities. To determine the ideal number of acute hospital beds, we used DPC (Diagnosis Procedure Combination) data. The proper number of hospital beds is estimated at 78,830: includes acute hospitals, 36,300; sub-acute hospitals and rehabilitation, 20,000; long-term care hospitals, 10,300; psychiatric hospitals, 11,400; TB/infection hospitals, 830. The number of the elderly who need facility care and home care is estimated at 167,200 and 211,800, respectively. Patient-nurse ratios in acute hospitals and long-term care hospitals are 4:1 and 15:1, respectively. In total, the number of nurses needed in Tokyo is estimated to be 110,930. We conclude that the current number of nurses could provide sufficient nursing services in Tokyo if the number of hospital beds were properly reduced. Nurses should be allocated to the communities rather than to hospitals.
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Koji Nakamaru, Junya Aizawa, Takayuki Koyama, Osamu Nitta
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
137-143
Published: December 25, 2011
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The purposes of this study were to perform the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) into Japanese and to perform the pilot test using the Japanese version of the LEFS. The translation of the LEFS from English into Japanese was done in accordance with the published guidelines. 30 outpatients with any lower-extremity musculoskeltal condition participated in the pilot test. The internal consistency was assessed with the Cronbach alpha method, the face validity was assessed with a review of the results of the pilot test by the developer and an in-depth interview of patients about their understanding of the questionnaire. Cronbach alpha in the result of the pilot test was calculated as 0.95, which was interpreted as very good internal consistency. The developer's comment for the result of the pilot test was very good. These results suggest that the Japanese version of the LEFS has good measurement properties (internal consistency, face validity) and it can be used to a large scale field test.
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Sunhae Lee, Jisun Park, Kazuo Nakajima, Yasuhiro Kuroki
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
144-154
Published: December 25, 2011
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In this study, we attempted to develop a scale to measure psychological maltreatment causes by mothers who have mentally retarded children. The samples of the survey were chosen from 12 day care institutions for mentally retarded children. Sample size was 163, mothers who had mentally retarded children at the point of surveying. In the statistical analysis, we classified psychological maltreatment into 5 forms. Those were spurning, terrorizing, isolating, exploiting/corrupting and denying emotional responsiveness. We assumed a 5 factor and a second-order factor model. And, we tested the construct validity of scale as a factor structure model. The result is that the goodness of fit indicator for data from this model was statistically acceptable. We guess that the scale we developed could be functionally important in making support system, based on the prevention of psychological maltreatment, for families who have mentally retarded children.
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Hideyuki Usa, Hitoshi Takei, Masahumi Hata, Daisuke Ogawa, Kazuna Ichi ...
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
155-164
Published: December 25, 2011
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Motions of the femur・pelvis and the sacroiliac joint・lumbosacral joint・lumbar facet joints were analyzed by MRI in 6 positions of an extremity, i.e., in a prone position with no hip extension, in 3 prone positions with the hip extension of 5°, 10°, and 15° (the knee extended), and 2 prone positions with a load of 10N・m and 20N・m being applied to a distal portion of femur from the hip extension of 15° (the knee extended). The subjects were 24 healthy individuals [12 males (mean age: 21.3 years) and 12 females (mean age: 20.6 years)]. Consequently, in all the subjects, as the degree of hip extension increased, femoral extension relative to the pelvis and anterior pelvic tilt increased. Also nutation of the sacroiliac joint on the side of the non-extended hip increased, and extension of the 3/4 and 4/5 lumbar facet joints and lumbosacral joint increased. However, motions of all sites excluding the 3/4 lumbar facet joints between the 10N・m load application and the 20N・m load application were recognized only in the female subjects. These results clarified normal motions of each joint which composes the lumbopelvic-hip complex during passive unilateral hip extension.
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
165-167
Published: December 25, 2011
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
168-
Published: December 25, 2011
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
168-
Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
169-170
Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
171-172
Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
173-174
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
175-176
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
177-
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
178-
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Published: December 25, 2011
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Article type: Cover
2011 Volume 14 Issue 3 Pages
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Published: December 25, 2011
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2017
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