The purpose of this study is to investigate the morphological changes of psoas major of sitting position by the difference of the pelvic positions and by having hip flexion movement or not, in 10 healthy male adults. By the measurement of psoas major in anterior tilt position, neutral position and posterior position of the pelvis, with the ultrasonographic measurement equipment, Intra-rater reliability in each lumbar section was approximately good, and reliability of the measurement by the difference in position of pelvis was shown. In six different position (anterior tilt position, neutral position and posterior position of the pelvis, and three hip flexion movements from anterior tilt position, neutral position and posterior position of the pelvis), I measured and examined the thickness of psoas major. In all lumbar, psoas major of pelvic anterior tilt position and psoas major of hip flexion movement from pelvic anterior tilt position became significantly thick in comparison with psoas major of pelvic neutral and of pelvic posterior tilt position, and psoas major of hip flexion movements from pelvic neutral tilt position and from pelvic posterior tilt position became significantly thick in comparison with psoas major of pelvic posterior tilt position. On the basis of this result, the possibility that I can analyze the morphological change of psoas major quantitatively in various activity of psoas major in clinical with the ultrasonograhic measurement equipment was suggested.

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In order to examine whether normal pressure and low oxygen environments are effective as exercise loads, we used respiratory gas analysis to look into the impact of 30 minutes of exposure to normal pressure low oxygen concentration conditions on energy metabolism. Subjects were 7 healthy adult males. Method: A low oxygen concentration environment at normal pressure was set up using membrane separation at a normal oxygen concentration. Subjects rested for 30 minutes in a seated position in each of the test conditions, and readings of their energy expenditure rate (kcal/min), lipid oxidation rate (mg/min), and glucose oxidation rate(mg/min) were obtained using respiratory gas analysis, and a comparative investigation was carried out on these. Results: The EER in the low oxygen concentration environment at normal pressure was the same as that in a normal oxygen environment, however, the lipid oxidation rate in the low oxygen concentration environment at normal pressure was significantly lower than that in the normal oxygen environment, and the GOR in the low oxygen concentration environment at normal pressure was significantly higher than that in the normal oxygen environment. Conclusion: These results suggested that unlike in high altitude environments, glucose usage may be accelerated in low oxygen concentration environments at normal pressure, in which only oxygen concentration is decreased.

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To investigate the difference of activated brain areas during a resistive sustained contraction for pelvic anterior elevation (SCAE) using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) as diagonal upward direction versus a resistive sustained contraction for pelvic elevation (SCE) as upward direction.Eighteen healthy right-handed subjects were asked to exercise in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Region of interest (ROI) analyses were conducted in both sensorimotor areas, cerebellum, basal ganglia, thalamus, brainstem, and the supplementary motor area (SMA), in order to compare the percentage signal change during SCAE versus SCE. SCAE showed activation in all regions analyzed in this study. SCE also showed activation in many regions except in both thalamus, both brainstem, and right SMA. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was repeated for each ROI on the % change of activation for the SCAE and SCE conditions. Regions of interest showed a significant interaction between condition and % change of activation. Repeated ANOVA revealed that right cerebellum showed significant increase during SCAE and left SMA showed increase during SCE. There was direction-dependent activation during pelvic exercise. In the present right-handed subjects, the bilateral SMA activation with SCAE showed a larger change of signal intensity in the right hemisphere, and was nearly symmetrical compared with SCE. The increase activations in the right cerebellum, brainstem, and SMA induced by SCAE may be related with the rotated position of the trunk as well as the upper extremity.

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This study was aimed for the grasp of intelligence gathering means of the house environment that an occupational therapist performs, use actual situation of the record paper which an occupational therapist uses and necessity of the record paper. It was constituted by two investigations. The primary investigation was a questionnaire that mailed hospitals with convalescence rehabilitation unit of the metropolitan area and got an answer from occupational therapist having the above-mentioned experience in the third year. The second investigation was an interview that heard 30 occupational therapists. As a result, the occupational therapist used "The measurement by the occupational therapist", "The hearing from a family" and so on as intelligence gathering means. To intelligence gathering means, there were two record paper of "the feasibility study use" to use before visit investigation and "the visit investigation use" to use at the time of visit investigation. There was the record paper of "the report use" as communication means, too. Necessity of the record paper by the viewpoint of the occupational therapist was shown. The occupational therapist needed each record paper ("the feasibility study use", "the visit investigation use" and "the report use") and the record paper which I could share with the other type of job.

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In order to clarify how clinical training fosters a sense of personal-growth in occupational therapy students, we conducted focus group interviews of 10 occupational therapy students following clinical training. The results revealed that clinical training provided students with the opportunity to notice their own lack of knowledge and skill, personal traits, and communication pattern. Awareness of these qualities and change may be linked to sense of personal-growth. When establishing relationships with patients and supervisors, students mainly handled relationships dispassionately and tended to cultivate a psychological environment for building trust with supervisor. Our findings suggest that students established a working image of themselves through the cultivation of their sense of personal-growth, and guidance from supervisors might affect their vision with regard to job content.

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