Sangyo Igaku
Online ISSN : 1881-1302
Print ISSN : 0047-1879
ISSN-L : 0047-1879
Volume 22, Issue 5
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • [in Japanese]
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 325
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (315K)
  • Kazuo HASHIMOTO
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 327-347
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Acrylonitrile (AN, CH2=CH CN), a highly reactive compound having an active vinyl and cyanide group, has been widely used in various synthetic chemical industries. AN is known to produce toxic actions to human beings as well as experimental animals by inhalation and cutaneous contact. Its oral LD50 in animals are between 50 mg (for mouse) and 100 mg/kg (for rat, guinea pig, rabbit), and IC50 in 4 hours are between 110-140 ppm for mouse and dog, and 400-500 ppm for guinea pig. Although the mechanism of action of AN has not been completely understood, the action of both cyanide which is liberated in the organism and AN molecules themselves is considered to play some roles. Recent studies have shown that AN also produces chronic toxicity to human beings and experimental animals, and mutagenicity to microorganisms. In the U.S.A. experimental studies have shown an increased incidence of tumor in various organs after long-term administration of AN in rats. A preliminary report on an epidemiologic study conducted in the U.S.A. indicated excess cancer incidence and cancer mortality among workers exposed to AN. Further investigations will be needed to elucidate the carcinogenicity of the compound.
    Download PDF (2039K)
  • Kazuo SAITO, Masaharu KUMASHIRO, Tadashi NIIOKA, Shun FUJIMOTO, Nobuo ...
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 348-354
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to make clear the recent status of vibration hazards among workers belonging to the national forestry bureau in northern Hokkaido, a special health examination was carried out on 417 chain saw operators and 443 bush cutter operators. The results obtained are as follows : 1. Seven point seven percent of chain saw operators and 5.6% of bush cutter operators were diagnosed as suffering from vibration hazards. Distribution of the cases in chain saw operators was 50% in grade I, 31.2% in grade II and 18.8% in grade III, while in bush cutter operators it was 20% in grade I, 60.0% in grade II and 20.0% in grade III. 2. Six new patients were found in this special health examination. 3. Twenty-two of 76 authorized patients, who had been treated with periodical therapy and prohibited from the operation of vibratory tools until this special health examination, were diagnosed as having recovered their health because of the existence of no symptoms concerning vibration hazards. 4. Pains on pressure of the muscles were complained of at the upper arm, forearm, chest and at the back in 12.4% of chain saw and bush cutter operators. Deformities of the elbow, hand and finger joints were recognized in 12.6% of the workers, and ulnar nerve paralysis was recognized in 1.0% of them. 5. Occupational hearing loss and lumbago were diagnosed in 20.2% and 14.7% of the chain saw and bush cutter workers, respectively.
    Download PDF (901K)
  • Kazuo Saito, Tadashi NIIOKA, Shun FUJIMOTO, Masaharu KUMASHIRO
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 355-367
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Skin temperature, vibratory sense, nail press test and pain sense are customarily used as the items in the special health examination for finding vibration hazards at present. These items are measured under the condition of room temperature at 20 to 23°C and after 10-minute immersion in cold water at 5°C or 10°C. In this report, the propriety of these items was investigated on the basis of measurements in 274 healthy chain saw operators and 294 healthy bush cutter operators. The 10-minute immersion test in cold water at 10°C was adopted in this experiment. The results obtained are as follows : Skin temperatures of the chain saw and bush cutter operators did not show any significant difference by age under the condition at the room temperature, but the recovery in the subjects in the twenties was faster than in the other. Skin temperatures at the 10th minute after the 10-minute immersion test in cold water at 10°C showed very wide deviations among the subjects. Vibratory senses of the aged subjects markedly lowered in comparison with those of the younger subjects. Recovery of vibratory sense after the immersion in cold water showed a tendency which is faster than that of the skin temperature. Correlation between the skin temperature and the vibratory sense at the 10th minute after the immersion was statistically significant. Most of the subjects showed the recovery time within 2 sec with the nail press test under the condition of the room temperature and at the 10th minute after the immersion. Above 95% of subjects complained pain sense with one gram weight at the measurement under the all conditions except immediately after the 10-minute immersion test. From the above results, it should be considered that the value of these measurement may be dominated by the age of the subjects and that the immersion test in cold water to the tests of vibratory sense and pain sense may not have important role in the diagnosis of vibration hazards.
    Download PDF (1200K)
  • Keiko TERAMOTO, Shun'ichi HORIGUCHI
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 368-371
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For monitoring solvents exposure, it is useful to determine not only metabolites of the solvents in urine but also the solvents themselves in blood and tissues. In a series of studies on the industrial styrene poisoning, we have been determining styrene in blood and other tissues as occasion calls. Our examination of the method is presented in this report. The outline on the method is as follows : Aliquots of 0.5 g of tissues being added 5 ml of n-hexane are homogenized by a high-speed homogenizer (Polytoron) for 10 to 30 seconds and the filtrates containing extracts are analyzed for styrene by gaschromatography. The linearity was ascertained from the calibration curve obtained by adding the known quantities of styrene (4, 10, 20, 40, 100 ppm) to the blood, liver and adipose tissues of rats. Rates of recoveries of styrene from the above tissues were 92 to 101 per cent. Reproducibility of this method was examined by repeating determinations of styrene in the blood, liver and adipose tissues of rats exposed to 500 ppm styrene for 4 hours, the coefficients of variation being 2.8 to 14.0 per cent. There was an approximately linear relationship between the styrene concentration (0 to 1, 000 ppm) of the exposed air and those in the blood of exposed rats. We conclude that our simple and rapid method is applicable to determination of solvents other than styrene in organs and tissues by combining suitable solvents for extraction and packings of gaschromatography.
    Download PDF (575K)
  • Masahiro NAKAZA, Toshio TOYAMA, Kazuyuki OMAE
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 372-376
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A simple badge type diffusion tube, 35 mm photo film plastic case, was used for evaluating time-weighted exposure to H2S using reagent impregnated filters (Whatman No.1). The black shade of the reagent filter, 10% Pb(OAc)2 and 2% AgNO3 under the concentration of H2S below 20 ppm for 2 to 4 hours agreed inversely to the diffusion length of the tube, and lineally well correlated with dose-time unit (C×T) and the theoretical value of diffusion. The device was proved to be capable of being used in realistic working conditions provided that there is no extreme fluctuations of H2S.
    Download PDF (624K)
  • Seiichi UENO, Mutsuo ISHIZAKI
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 378-379
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (366K)
  • Kiichiro ABE, Junichi MISUMI, Megumi KAWAKAMI, Shigeru NOMURA
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 380-381
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (567K)
  • Etsushi OKUMURA
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 382-383
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (444K)
  • Yuzi TSUZUKI
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 384-385
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (451K)
  • Mitsuhiro KUDO, Naoko TANAKA, Jiro KIMURA
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 386-387
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (378K)
  • Yoshio HIROTA, Seiya YAMAGUCHI, Nobuhiro SHIMOJOH, Ken-ichi SANO, Keik ...
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 388-389
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (405K)
  • Shigeru TANAKA, Akiko AKABANE, Yukimasa URASHIMA
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 390-391
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (400K)
  • Hidetsuru MATSUSHITA, Michiko KOYANO
    1980 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 392-393
    Published: September 20, 1980
    Released on J-STAGE: April 14, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (413K)
feedback
Top