D-4S that combines direct and port fuel injection was made it adapted to turbocharged engine. Combustion speed was raised to correspond to high “Pme” of turbocharged engine by high tumble ratio. Simultaneously, piston which specialized in catalyst heating was improved to raise turbulence intensity and direct injection spray pattern was optimized. In addition, multiple direct injection strategy enabled optimization of mixture according to engine speed or load and decreased minimum direct injection quantity by detection the timing of valve open. This system reduced number of PM and oil dilution, furthermore achieved to improve 3% engine power and 2% fuel consumption.

View full abstract

It is necessary for predicting Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) pressure drop to estimate ash trapped in a DPF. Therefore, the Particle Matter (PM) is sampled by diesel engine experiments to investigate the component, size, and amount of ash by using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). As a result, the components of ash derive from the engine oil and size of ash accumulated in a DPF is 40～300 nm. Ash gathered from the exhaust manifold are mainly consists of zinc oxide. Consequently, the mechanism of ash formation is found out for modeling on the component, size and amount of ash.

View full abstract

Verification of calculation method for heat release rate and mass burnt fraction, from pressure diagram with disturbance superposed. In investigated about the method of using low order frequency components in pressure diagram with method of using low pass filter and moving average, and result of equivalent was obtained. This method was no necessity of consideration absolute pressure compensation and polytropic coefficient, and can have expectation of application to engine control.

View full abstract

Secondary Fuel Injection (SFI) is applied to regenerate Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) which is an after-treatment device of diesel engine. Under this system, ensuring complete evaporation and an optimum mixture distribution in the exhaust line is important. This report focuses on impingement spray in high temperature field to understand its physical phenomena using scattered light photography method and Exciplex fluorescence method with swirl nozzle and n-dodecane. As a result, in evaporation field, the specific vortex of swirl spray disappears after wall impingement in P_inj=1 MPa, but the vortex is maintained in P_inj=4 MPa. And vapor concentration distribution in P_inj=4 MPa is more widely distributed than 1 MPa.

View full abstract

We focused on the behavior of spray in tailpipe. Wall impingement phenomenon in the tailpipe is different from phenomenon in the engine cylinder. In this study, we calculated the wall impinging spray in a low injection pressure spray with the model which considering the change in the impingement behavior due to the boiling state. By using this model, the wall impingement behavior of the spray is predicted with high accuracy.

View full abstract

Gas engine-driven heat pump air-conditioners (GHP) have compressors powered by gas engine. We are developing a pre-chamber spark plug to improve the thermal efficiency of GHP. The pre-chamber spark plug is a spark plug that has a cup with some holes, and it can add an auxiliary combustion chamber to a single combustion chamber engine. We found that the thermal efficiency of engine at partial load was improved by using the pre-chamber spark plug instead of a standard spark plug. It will be able to effectively improve GHP efficiency much higher.

View full abstract

To examine the feasibility of performance improvement by highly flexible fuel injection, a series of experiments were performed using a single-cylinder diesel engine with a dual injector system which includes two sets of common-rail injection systems. This system enables variable injection rate for each injection pulse and a wide-range dwell between injection pulses, i.e. even negative injection dwell can be performed. Experiments with multi-stage injection were conducted with various injection pressures, injection timings, and injection quantities. The results show that switching injector for pilot and main injections reduces smoke emission, and a higher pilot injection pressure increases CO emission without a reduction of smoke emission, while a higher main injection pressure reduces smoke emission with no increase in CO emission. Split-main injection with zero injection dwell increases thermal efficiency under high injection pressure condition. However, negative injection dwell markedly increases smoke emission owing to the spray-to-spray interaction.

View full abstract

Importance of reducing oil consumption (OC) of an internal combustion engine is increasing for the protection of global environment, and calculation method for estimating OC is required. In this paper, oil pressure under the oil control ring which affects the volume of oil supplied to the compression rings is analyzed. It was found that the oil supplied to the area under oil control ring affect the oil pressure. Also, the pressure generating mechanisms can be described in the piston behavior and the water hammer phenomenon, and the calculation results considering the water hammer showed good agreement with measurement.

View full abstract

It is important to control heat release rate profile more precisely for the concurrent improvement in cycle efficiency and each energy loss in a diesel engine, which was numerically and experimentally confirmed with the newly developed multiple-injector diesel engine in the previous paper. In this study, flame behavior with the multiple-injector concept was analyzed in detail by means of numerical simulation and in-cylinder flame observation technique aiming further improvement in cycle efficiency and exhaust emission characteristics. The experiments were then carried out by the revised nozzle specifications, and confirmed their effect on the combustion and emission characteristics.

View full abstract

To meet upcoming new emission standards in various automotive markets advanced combustion technology is required which will mitigate engine knocking and fuel adhesion to cylinder chamber walls. Further, use of high compression ratio and downsized engines promotes the possibility of knock occurrence. In this study, a concept of stoichiometric-partial stratified mixture formation was developed. This stoichiometric-partial stratified mixture formation was achieved by controlling small injection amount using direct injection system.

View full abstract

This study reports the direction on how to improve the knocking timing prediction with practical gasoline engine by explaining the experimental data of compression ratio (CR) from 12 to 14, fuel research octane number (RON) from 75 RON to 100 RON, and engine speed from 1300rpm to 5200rpm．The results show that Livengood-Wu integral with ignition delay duration based on Arrhenius equation, which is one of the most widely used method, shows less accurate outside the scope of 90-100RON, under 2000rpm．This study also shows that key challenge of the issue is how to handle with the extent of the reaction between 700K and 800K, cycle to cycle pressure trace variation.

View full abstract

EGR/air lean SI and HCCI engines have been developed to improve the engine thermal efficiency. One of the most important points of them is the improvement of the trade-off between the thermal efficiency and the combustion stability. The purpose of this research is to develop a control-method to achieve the full potential of the engine thermal efficiency. The methodology for adjusting the combustion to target heat-release pattern was proposed, and minimization of the number of combustion parameters to realize the method was discussed. The effectiveness of applying to homogenies lean-burn engine was described as an example.

View full abstract

In order to reduce particulate matter emitted from gasoline direct injection spark ignition engine, it is important to reduce the fuel film deposition on the wall and local rich air-fuel mixture formation. As a means to reduce these, the high pressure fuel injection is considered to be effective. In this study, we evaluated the influence of increasing fuel injection pressure to the spray behavior under the high-temperature and high-pressure ambient assuming the practical combustion chamber in engines. The air entrainment flow velocity into the spray was measured by using consecutive Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) method with a high-speed camera and a high-frequency Nd:YAG laser. And, fuel vapor phase was measured by using Laser Induced Exciplex Fluorescence (LIEF) method with a constant volume vessel. The air entrainment flow velocity into the spray was increased with time after injection, and it became fast by increasing the pressure. The area of fuel film deposition was decreased, and the rate of the film vaporization was increased. The height of vapor phase around the spray tip rose by increasing the fuel pressure.

View full abstract

The effect of an inlet anti-swirl plate (IASP) on a centrifugal compressor performance of an automotive turbocharger was investigated. The experimental results showed that the surge limit flow rate was reduced by approximately 20 to 35% with the IASP under almost all of the operating conditions while maintaining the same level of maximum efficiency and choke flow rate as that of the compressor without the IASP. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses clarified that the IASP had an effect of reducing the inlet pre whirl. This leads to keeping stable compressor characteristics under lower flow rate condition.

View full abstract

Applying a texture to the piston ring surface has been suggested as one of the means of friction reduction for fuel economy approach of automobiles. The effect of the texture of the top ring on friction reduction was investigated in this study. Texturing was carried out by means of ultrashort pulse laser, and the friction force was measured using a floating liner device. It was found that the texture caused 10-20% FMEP reduction. It was also shown that the texture was effective for large reduction of friction loss in case of severer lubrication conditions. It was supposed that the texture caused an improvement of lubrication condition.

View full abstract

Urea SCR system is effective post treatment device of diesel engine to remove NOx in exhaust gas. The purpose of this study is constructing simulation model capable of predicting spray behavior and NH₃ concentration distribution. In order to achieve the purpose, it is necessary to clarify urea solution spray behavior injected by Urea SCR injector and NH₃ concentration distribution generated by chemical reaction in experimental analysis. In this report, it is found that basic knowledge about the breakup mechanism of the free spray and the chemical reaction of urea solution droplets. The breakup mechanism of free spray is Rayleigh’s liquid column breakup that the liquid columns become bead form and break up into the droplets. Also, by increasing the surface area of urea solution using spray atomization, it is considered that chemical reaction rate is faster stunningly.

View full abstract

In recent years, exhaust purification performance under high temperature became more important for commercial vehicle due to the regulation of off-cycle emission and introduction of close-coupled after-treatment system. In this report, we clarified the problem of prediction accuracy of NOx conversion performance under high temperature in conventional Cu-SCR model proposed in previous reports. To improve prediction accuracy of NOx conversion performance under high temperature, we found NOx concentration dependent NH₃ oxidations are the key reactions. Improved Cu-SCR model showed good correlation to experimental results of reactor in the range of 150-600 °C.

View full abstract

Regulations of NOx and off-cycle emissions have become stricter. Therefore, exhaust purification performance at high temperatures has become crucial. We developed SCR model and simulated the SCR behavior. However, accuracy of the model worsened at high temperatures. In a previous report, it was suggested that NOx assisted NH₃ oxidations was necessary to improve. In this report, it was found that occurrence of competihg reactions depended on temperature and NOx assisted NH₃ oxidations were the main competing reactions at high temperature.

View full abstract

The Urea-SCR system has commonly been introduced commercially due to the high performance of NOx reduction, and much research has been conducted to invent low noble metal catalysts effective at low exhaust temperatures. The CFD (computational fluid dynamics) with a reaction model is effective for the SCR catalyst development and many SCR simulation models have been proposed. However, the experimental feedback of engine emission tests is required for simulations and fitting parameters in the models are adjusted by the experiment results. This is a cause of the low versatility of the reaction models. The development of reaction model for Cu-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst without dependence of engine test data is a target of this research. The reaction rates of Standard-SCR reactions, molecular diffusion in catalyst coated layer, and structural parameters of honeycomb catalysts are introduced in the simulations to develop a versatile ammonia-SCR reaction model and the simulation results are compared with the experiment results. The calculated results of the ammonia-SCR model have correlate well with the surrogate gas tests up to 250 °C, and the correlation is poor above 300 °C because the ammonia oxidation is not considered in the simulation. Further, it was obvious that the inhibition reaction of hydrocarbons should be considered to simulate the ammonia-SCR reaction in the engine exhaust emissions.

View full abstract

In recent transmissions， enhanced fuel efficiency considerations call for further weight reduction without sacrificing reliability．In this way， securing the reliability of the bolt fastening is important in designing transmission． This paper proposes the methodology to predict the rotational bolt loosening considering the elastic deformation of the component．

View full abstract

We developed the thin-film pressure sensor which was improved durability by forming a film with DLC(Diamond-Like Carbon) or TiN(Titanium Nitride). Several sensors were put on the surface of a drive pulley in the pushing metal belt type of CVT, and then the contact and slip behavior between the pulley and elements which the belt consisted of were analyzed. It became possible to quantify the size of active arc area where the slip was generated and the relation of the slip speed versus the clamping force and the CVT transmitting torque.

View full abstract

A lateral torque vectoring differential (TVD) enhances the vehicle cornering performance by making the torque difference between the right and left wheels of a vehicle. This paper describes a two-motor-torque difference amplification mechanism which is suitable for a TVD of electric powered vehicles. All planetary gear drives, from which a TVD with torque difference amplification mechanism is constructed, are shown by using velocity diagram analysis. After the evaluation of each TVD’s characteristics, the most suitable construction of the TVD for its light-weightiness and compactness is investigated.

View full abstract

In the previous research, the performance of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with porous metal flow fields that supply reactants to whole surface of electrodes is improved compared to that with straight groove flow fields. This current paper describes the investigation on the performance of DMFC employing a flow field made with metal wire structure that also supplies reactants to whole electrodes. By applying carbon coat to the surface of metal wire structure, the performance is improved and shows 0.109 W/cm² that exceeds with the standard cell that has serpentine groove graphite flow field developed by JARI.

View full abstract

As a means of adding value to electric vehicles (EVs), new control methods have been investigated for EVs equipped with in-wheel motors (IWMs). As part of our project to reduce the energy usage of vehicles and add value of vehicle dynamics, we are carrying out research and development of the thin IWM units needed to validate this concept. We have been investigating face gears, which offer a large speed reduction using just a single pair of gears. The face gear is directly attached to the wheel axle and the pinion is on the motor axle. Placing the wheel axle at a right angle to the motor axle allows efficient use of the space in the open center of the face gear, allowing a very thin unit to be designed. The capabilities of the IWM unit manufactured in this study were assessed on a test bench and its efficiency and noise while powered were evaluated. The results revealed that the torque of the motor was as high as controlling EVs.

View full abstract

In order to reduce the emissions of the heavy-duty diesel hybrid vehicles (HEV), it is necessary to provide the high exhaust-gas temperature and to keep aftertreatment system effective. But the engine load of the HEV is assisted by the electric motor. Therefore, the aftertreatment system of these vehicles is not able to get the enough high exhaust-gas temperature. For example, the emission characteristics of the HEV are worsen at the urban driving mode. In this study, the electric heating catalyst system (EHC) for the HEV was equipped. The fuel economy and emission characteristics of this vehicle were estimated. This result is that the EHC showed good performance at the engine low speed and low torque range. And, NOx emission was reduced when the tailpipe layout was setup in order of the urea solution injector, EHC and SCR catalyst. The fuel economy of the HEV with the EHC was slightly decreased, but the emissions were much improved.

View full abstract

The purpose of this paper is to study the cornering resistance and dissipation power on tyre contact patch during acceleration and deceleration while turning. Our method to formulate the cornering resistance in steady state cornering was extended to quasi steady state cornering. The simulation revealed that the reduction effect of dissipation power by direct yaw moment emerges due to the load shift between front and rear wheels. The optimization method proved that the optimum direct yaw moment is achieved by equalization of slip vectors of all the wheels. Moreover, this paper discussed the effect of the direct yaw moment control on vehicle handling performance. As a consequence, this control also enhances the stability of vehicle motion.

View full abstract

Vehicles equipped with in-wheel motors (IWMs) are capable of independent control of the driving force at each wheel. These vehicles can also control the motion of the sprung mass by driving force distribution. However, one disadvantage of IWMs is an increase in unsprung mass which causes uncomfortable ride. This research aimed to improve ride comfort through driving force control. As a result, a method was derived by analysis that reduced uncomfortable vibration by a control that applies unsprung velocity in the direction that enhances that velocity. Then the improvement effect on ride comfort and stability by this control was verified.

View full abstract

The products type of G-Vectoring Vehicles will be put into market. The panelists appreciate the handling quality, especially traceability is tremendously good. The authors tried to clarify the fundamental mechanism of handling quality improvement by simple bicycle model and driver model analysis. Especially we focused on the residual-yaw-angular-acceleration when the steering speed is zero. The value was reduced by G-Vectoring Control and it becomes collateral evidence for the handling quality improvement.

View full abstract

This paper proposes a system to enhance rollover propensity for micro-scale electric vehicle by using Direct Yaw-moment Control (DYC). The system is composed of a feedforward yaw-moment controller and a longitudinal force distribution controller. The yaw-moment controller is a desired roll angle following controller. And the yaw-moment control input is calculated from the feedforward control law with respect to front steering angle based on 3-DOF linear vehicle model. Consequently, the vehicle is controlled by DYC with driving force distribution of the in-wheel motors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control system to enhance rollover resistance is verified by simulation and experimental study by using micro-scale electric vehicle under condition of dynamic steering input.

View full abstract

Dynamical Energy Analysis (DEA) has recently been introduced as a mesh- based high frequency method modeling structure borne sound for complex built-up structures. DEA is able to visualize vibration energy flow by computing vibration energy transmission with meshes. In this paper, the analysis result of DEA is compared with the measurement result in order to verify the DEA calculation result. Additionally, a result of suppressing vibration on the tractor cabin based on vibration energy flow is shown.

View full abstract

Previously I have reported a method of using simultaneously measured cylinder pressure of each cylinder in order to separate engine radiation noise measured in the engine acoustic test cell into the contributions of combustion noise and mechanical noise in the time domain. This method was applied to a completed vehicle on the chassis dynamometer, and the results showed that the contribution of the combustion noise can be extracted from the interior noise during acceleration in the time domain. The procedure for this method is as follows. First, a continuous Fourier transform is performed on the measured cylinder pressure of each cylinder and on the vehicle interior sound pressure, and then the structural response functions are calculated using multiple regression analysis. Finally, that structural response function and the cylinder pressure of each cylinder are convoluted, and the contribution of combustion noise is obtained in the time domain. In addition, the method was also used to analyze the combustion noise of Kei small car models, and the results enabled an understanding of the vulnerability of the structural response system, which proved the usefulness of the method.

View full abstract

In the discussion of automobile crash safety, it is essential to examine the injury mechanisms from a medical perspective by employing medical information. In this study, we used analytic morphomics to understand the mechanisms of rib fracture for elderly occupants involved in vehicle crashes who have been treated at the University of Michigan, a Level -1 trauma center. Compare to the younger group, older group tended to be fractured at ribs 4, 5, and 6 and morphomic factors related rib shape are major driver of rib fracture. The current results of rib shape can project to a Reference Analytic Morphomics Population (RAMP) to compare the mean and standard deviation of the overall population and highlight the importance of considering these morphomics characteristics when assessing chest injury and creating elderly computer model.

View full abstract

This study focuses on a high-risk scene for pedestrian accidents wherein drivers pass a parked vehicle. In this study, using a test vehicle called JARI-ARV, the behaviors of drivers with different driving skills, including young, middle-aged, senior and expert drivers were examined in a test course. The driving indices of the potential collision risk to a suddenly crossing pedestrian were calculated using the obtained driver behavior data. By comparing the driving indices between these drivers, the safe driving methods while passing a parked vehicle were considered. Based on our analyses, we clarified that the expert drivers safely pass a parked vehicle compared to the other drivers in the high-risk scene for pedestrian accidents.

View full abstract

This paper describes the effects of using the current generation Automatic Emergency Braking (AEB) system in cars involved in real world car to pedestrian accident scenarios. The use of AEB in cars may cause pedestrian kinematics to change compared to the original accident, in turn causing the pedestrian’s head impact location on the car to change as well. As such, the pedestrian has a possibility of hitting a stiffer part of the vehicle, suffering a more serious injury even though impact speed was lower. The scenario for this to occur was identified and the conditions to replicate this scenario were also investigated. The injury parameters used in this paper to assess pedestrian injury are both impact speed and HIC.

View full abstract

The dynamic sled test procedure using a rear-impact dummy "BioRID-II" has been discussed in the phase 2 activity of the UN ECE/WP29/GRSP/GTR7 to develop the global technical regulations (GTR) for vehicle head restraints. In this study, to establish criterion for evaluating whiplash protection performance of head restraints in the dynamic tests of the GTR-Phase 2, the results of the accident reconstruction simulations using human FE models were reanalyzed by associating the responses of the human FE models with those of the dummies and cadavers in the sled test series conducted by United States.

View full abstract

Autonomous vehicles are being developed for reducing traffic accidents and solving traffic jam problems. One of the most important issues for conducting autonomous driving is to track dynamic objects. Therefore, Omni-directional MWR system is used to provide a full tracking range around the vehicle. Using such a system is a cost time operation because of processing a huge amount of information that collected from the sensors. Accordingly, we propose an algorithm to share tracking information between the sensors. The real experimental results have verified that the proposed approach has significantly decreased the processing time with maintaining robust tracking performance.

View full abstract

This paper presents the fundamental study of the method for keeping drivers awake at the wheel through conversation. We focused on the structure of a conversation and applied Verbal Response Modes (VRM) for analyzing the conversations, which were made between awake and/or drowsy drivers and an operator. The results suggested that the number of drivers’ disclosure and the number of operator’s reflection during a block of conversation are the features of the VRM balance, which is factored into an effective conversation for awakening drivers.

View full abstract

There are few number of papers reported for motorbike riders’ injuries derived from traffic accidents by the viewpoint of statistical data analysis. Therefore, in the present study, the author investigate to clarify relationships between collision velocity regions and injury characteristics of riders on motorized bicycle collided with passenger vehicles in frontal collisions as a statistical accident data analysis, by using the analyzing method of combinations “Analysis items for main site of injury” and “Analysis items for injury contents” in the traffic accident statistics vote defined by Japanese National Police Agency, as extracting items for statistical accident data stored in ITARDA (Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis).

View full abstract

This paper deals with construction of driver model for evaluation of driver's control action. This driver model has constructed by two blocks, one is feed forward control informed by road curvature and the other is feed back control using 3^rd order preview model. At first, an experiment on ordinary road has been performed, and driver’s control action and vehicle behavior have been measured. Next, driver's fundamental control action has been considered with these experimental data using statistical analysis. And, finally, it is shown that driver's control action is described by a feedback control action described by preview model and feed forward control action described by road curvature.

View full abstract

This study describes depth perception to visual contents in various distances when using 3D Head-Up Display which places virtual images on the appropriate 3D position. In the field experiment, the 3D-HUD was evaluated in comparison with two types of HUD which have focal depth of 7 and 15 meters. The visual contents were displayed ahead from 30 to 100 meters and participants were instructed to judge the depth of contents while performing a visual primary task. Judgement time and error were measured during the experiment. Based on the results, we discuss how the depth perception is influenced by each HUD.

View full abstract

The adoption of vibration warning is increasing in accordance with the spread of driver assistance systems. This paper shows that the feature of vibration warning not only awareness from difference between warning vibration level and background noise level but also less annoying from area of vibration wave on the steering wheel. In addition, we clarified the vibration pattern which have the most awareness, less annoying and urgency.

View full abstract

Recently, the adoption of paddle shifters to vehicle has been increasing. So, we need to develop paddle shifters which are easy to use for wide range of user. In this paper, we identified ergonomic factors from function deployment of paddle shifters. Then, we set layout requirement of operation point as operability and F-S characteristics requirement as operation feeling. Finally, we validated that our prototype has good operability and good operation feeling.

View full abstract

The effect of conversation with a passenger on driver’s arousal was examined using a driving simulator. Results showed that conversation increased driver’s arousal while maintaining the level of mental workload within the allowable range. Additionally, driving stability measured by lane-keeping performance was improved by carrying on a conversation. These results indicate that, even though conversation with a passenger is sometimes regarded as a source of distraction, it can be beneficial for a driver’s performance especially when that driver’s drowsiness is a problem.

View full abstract

The present study constructs a system which performs wakefulness-keeping support based on the driver’s active action. Driving simulator experiments were conducted to compare two types of the proposed support systems which employ body movement or speech as the active action with a conventional system which provides a warning when detecting the driver’s drowsiness. Moreover, we verified the effectiveness of the proposed system on wakefulness-keeping and driving safety.

View full abstract

This study aims to investigate the behavior of elderly drivers when using a voice-operated device in a car. In this study, five types of verbal tasks, simulating the voice-operated device, were loaded while 24 subjects (12 elderly, 12 young) were running on a curved road. Their steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP) were measured to objectively evaluate the task levels in the laboratory. Differences in driving behavior and SSVEP power spectrum density between the elderly and young drivers were demonstrated.

View full abstract

Reducing workload during ingress/egress is important to improve the usability of automotive for elderly users. In this study, we analyzed the relationships between motion features and physical features of elderly people. The muscular loads during their ingress were measured and the sitting motion, putting down pelvis to seat, caused dominant workload in ingress. The vertical axial velocity of pelvis during sitting motion was extracted as the load factor. Based on evaluation results, we proposed a new interior design and confirmed that it decreased workload and improved comfort of ingress to a certain extent.

View full abstract

Intense tonal sound often radiates from flows around a trailing edge with an upstream kink shape such as found in automotive body. To clarify the conditions for the acoustic radiation, sound pressure and flow fields are measured in wind tunnel experiments. As a result, intense acoustic radiation occurs when both flow separation around a kink shape and reattachment near the trailing edge occur. Moreover, to clarify fluid-acoustic interactions, which are related with the radiation, the method of coherent output power (COP) was utilized based on coherence analysis. This method identified the positions for generation of vortices and acoustic source.

View full abstract

The purpose of this research is to propose theoretical flow models between axial fan blades verified with flow visualization. The models based on lifting line theory will be useful to calculate the axial velocity of the fans. The flow visualization that will clarify vectors of the real flow around the blades consists of two steps as follows: first is flow image acquisition around rotating blades using an image rotating system we have developed, second is vectors acquisition from the images using PIV analysis. We conclude that the flow visualization can improve fan design.

View full abstract

It is important to the VOC concentration reduction in the cabin that we predict the cabin from the VOC measurements of the interior part.This research studies that we predict VOC concentration in the cabin of driving mode. In this study, we measured VOCs concentration of vehicle interior in parking mode and driving mode, it was to clarify the change in VOCs concentration .And, we studied clarify the mechanism for the concentration change (1.vehicle interior temperature by air conditioner operation 2.vehicle ambient temperature by air conditioner operation. 3. VOC dissolved amount of the condensed water of heat exchanger. 4.the amount of adsorbed to heat exchanger. 5.Ventilation rate) , and we propose a method to prediction VOCs concentration of vehicle interior in driving mode.

View full abstract

A new Inverse Analysis Technology for CFD which can select heat or concentration performance as the cost function was developed. By adding the formulation of scalar transport and expanding the Adjoint variables to our own developed program and by improving the solution methodology, the calculation of the surface geometry sensitivity distribution with respect to the performance such as the amount of heat transfer or scalar component flow rate has become possible both for steady state and transient problems. Its validity and the effectiveness to the design of actual components were confirmed by applying it to the improvement of gas distribution performance of the engine intake system, etc.

View full abstract