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Volume 48 (2010)
- Issue 6 Pages 653-
- Issue 5 Pages 559-
- Issue 4 Pages 481-
- Issue 3 Pages 367-
- Issue 2 Pages 211-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 48, Issue 4
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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REVIEW
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Observation and Measurement of de-/remineralization ReactionKiyokazu OGATA2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 481-488
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe condition of the enamel surface is extremely crucial to the restoration of the primary enamel lesion. We investigated the methods used to observe and measure the precise de-/remineralization reaction on an experimental enamel subsurface lesion. The following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of the results of the present study :1.To quantitatively and visually evaluate the enamel surface, histopathological examination using polarized light photomicrographs and microradiographs is effective.2.The effect of remineralization and demineralization inhibition can be confirmed by quantitatively measuring the reaction area depth and mineral loss.3.Regardless of the treatment conditions, the reaction area depth increases during pH cycling.It takes longer time for the remineralization than that for the demineralization. White spots on the enamel surface are an indication that the surface is extremely susceptible to mechanical irritation. The balance between demineralization and remineralization is crucial for the prevention of caries. To attain this balance, in addition to enhancing remineralization, demineralization should be inhibited, via lifestyle changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1299K) -
Satoko KAKINO2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 489-494
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTransmitted-light plethysmography (TLP) is an optical technique which can be used to detect microcirculatory changes in the pulp tissue. It has been known to overcome the disadvantages of the electric pulp testing in terms of the objectivity and invasiveness. In the previous study, we applied TLP system with 525 nm light emitting diode (LED) to traumatized young permanent and deciduous teeth, and found that TLP pulse amplitudes or pulse shape characteristics change gradually during clinical follow-up after the dental trauma. However, the origins of tooth plethysmogram were still not fully understood due to the structural specificity of the tooth and complex light interaction with the enamel, dentin and pulp tissue. In this study, multi-wavelength optical plethysmograph was used to examine the light transmission property of the tooth to clarify the effects of physiological parameters such as blood volume and SO2 on the pulsation of TLP pulse waves. The results indicated that the optical process in the tooth mainly depended on the blood cell concentration in the pulp chamber(Hctp), the light attenuation by the hard tissues and the light source wavelength. Clinically, it was assumed that the changes of blood vessel density, pulpal blood volume and pulp chamber size associated with subjects' age or pathological conditions might affect TLP pulse waves. In addition, SO2 changes in the pulpal blood could be detected using non-isosbestic wavelength of 467 nm qualitatively. The present results of multi-wavelength optical plethysmography explained the generation mechanism of the TLP pulse waves and potentially provided additional information to diagnose the circulatory status of the pulp in relation to pathological conditions of the dental pulp.View full abstractDownload PDF (1261K) -
Hiromi FUNAYAMA2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 495-504
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBisphosphonates (BPs), powerful anti-bone-resorptive drugs, are effective at treating various diseases involving enhanced bone resorption. However, recent clinical applications have disclosed an unexpected side effect, osteonecrosis of the jaw bone and its subsequent exposure. This bisphosphonaterelated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) occurs after repeated treatments with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs).However, there is no clear evidence that clodronate and etidronate (nonnitrogen-containing bisphosphonates : non-NBPs) induce BRONJ. Concerning the inflammatory side effects of BPs, we found the followings. (i) Intravenous injection of LPS into mice induces the histamine-forming enzyme histidine decarboxylase in the mandible,and this induction is markedly augmented in NBP-treated mice. (ii) A single intraperitoneal injection of a BP into young mice induces a clear sclerotic band (tentatively called “BP-band”) in the tibia, which is detectable by radiography a few weeks after the injection, reflecting inhibition of bone-resorption. (iii) Clodronate, when injected together with an NBP, reduces or prevents the inflammatory effects of the NBP, but not its anti-bone-resorptive effect. (iv) Coadministration of etidronate with an NBP inhibits both of the inflammatory and anti-bone-resorptive effects of the NBP. (v) Subcutaneous injection of NBPs into ear pinnas of mice induces inflammation and necrosis at the site of the injection. Clodronate and etidronate, when injected together with an NBP, reduces or prevents the inflammatory and necrotic effects of the NBP, whereas LPS enhances these reactions. These findings, together with those of previous studies, suggest that there are mutual augmentations between oral LPS and NBPs in inflammatory and necrotic effects. Clodronate could be useful as a combination drug with an NBP for preventing their necrotic actions while retaining their anti-bone-resorptive effects. Etidronate could be useful as a substitution drug for NBPs for preventing BRONJ or reducing its risk.View full abstractDownload PDF (1301K) -
Yuki NAKAMURA2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 505-510
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLeptin is a hormone primarily produced in adipose cells ; it regulates food intake, energy expenditure, and body weight mainly via activation of the hypothalamic functional leptin receptor (Ob-Rb).Recently, we found that the peripheral taste organ is also a target for leptin, where it acts on taste receptor cells via Ob-Rb expressed in these cells and specifically inhibits gustatory responses to sweet substances. Such selective sweet response inhibition by leptin was not observed in leptin receptordeficient db/db mice, suggesting that leptin may be a sweet-sensation modulator involved in the regulation of food intake. Here, we further examined potential links between leptin and sweet taste in humans. The present study reveals that recognition thresholds for sweet substances are tightly linked with circulating leptin. The tight linkage between sweet taste thresholds and leptin levels was evident even in the restricted meal conditions with synchronized phase shifts of diurnal variations. This synchronization of diurnal variation in leptin levels and sweet taste recognition thresholds suggests a mechanistic connection between these two variables.View full abstractDownload PDF (769K) -
Kazuyo FUJITA2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 511-514
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStreptococcus mutans is a major causative agent of dental caries in humans. Bacterial components associated with the adhesion phase of S. mutans include glucosyltransferases, protein antigen c, and glucan-binding proteins (Gbps). At least four Gbps have been identified : GbpA, GbpB, GbpC, and GbpD. In our previous research, GbpA and GbpC were found to contribute to the cariogenicity of S. mutans, while GbpB was shown to be distinct from them. In the present study, we used a GbpBdeficient mutant strain (BD1) and found that GbpB has a role in the biology of S. mutans. In sucrosedependent adherence assays, there was no significant difference between the parental strain MT8148and BD1. However, the growth rate of BD1 was lower than that of MT8148, while it was shown to form longer chains as compared to MT8148. In addition, electron microscopic observations of the cell surface of BD1 revealed that the cell-wall layers were obscure. These results suggest that GbpB plays important roles in cell-wall construction, cell separation, and cell maintenance.View full abstractDownload PDF (744K)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Satoko YOSHIDA, Ayako KUNIMOTO, Naohito HARA, Masaharu MOTOYAMA, Mikio ...2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 515-519
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPsychological palmar sweating is a manifestation of emotional changes such as anxiety, fear and anger. To evaluate the degree of anxiety and tension in pediatric patients in a dental office, the amount of psychological palmar sweating was measured in pediatric patients at four different intervals during their office visit : 1) while in the waiting room, 2) at the time of introduction to the dental chair, 3) during tooth brushing, and 4) during cavity preparation.Results :In both boys and girls, palmar sweating was highest at the time of introduction to the dental chair,followed by the time during cavity preparation and during tooth brushing, and was lowest while inthe waiting room. The average amount of sweating was greater in female children than male children at all four intervals, but the differences were not statistically significant.In boys, palmar sweating was significantly higher at the introduction to the dental chair than while in the waiting room or during tooth brushing. In girls, palmar sweating was significantly higher at the introduction to the dental chair than during any of the other intervals.The present study suggests that measuring the amount of palmar sweating is a useful method for assessing the emotional state of children who cannot fully articulate it themselves.View full abstractDownload PDF (631K)
CASE REPORT
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Hironobu TAMURA, Shin TAKAGI, Takashi YABE, Mitsuru HIGUCHI, Kanako YA ...2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 520-525
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dentigerous cyst is an odontogenic cyst that frequently occurs during the tooth replgcement period. Dentigerous cysts occur in mandibular premolars and have also been known in lower third molars. This type of cyst has been the subject of clinical statistical reserch and pathologic histology examinations, but there has been little long-term observational research on impacted teeth with dentigerous cysts. In this case, the angle and depth of two impacted mandibular premolars were severe, and the cyst was large. The cyst was removed early and the treatment result was excellent. The erupted impacted teeth were observed 10 years after cyst was removed, and the teeth remained in a stable position. This case indicates that natural eruption of impacted teeth is possible after early stage remoral of a dentigerous cyst. This case can be used as a reference for treatment of the dentigerous cyst in the future.View full abstractDownload PDF (795K) -
Yukie NAKAI, Chikako ISHIHARA-SHINGA, Kaori YAMANAKA-MURAKAMI2010 Volume 48 Issue 4 Pages 526-531
Published: September 25, 2010
Released on J-STAGE: March 12, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIntrusion is more common in the primary dentition but is uncommon in permanent dentition. Decisions regarding treatment may vary according to the maturity of the root development and the severity of intrusion, though there is a lack of consensus concerning the management of intruded permanent teeth. Current management includes waiting for the tooth to re-erupt spontaneously, repositioning with orthodontic traction, and surgical repositioning. This paper describes orthodontic repositioning treatment of an immature intruded permanent central incisor. An 8-year-old boy was brought to the Pediatric Dental Clinic of Okayama University Hospital one day after the injury. Intraoral examination revealed intrusive luxation of the maxillary right central incisor (Tooth 11). Radiographic examination indicated that the tooth had an open apex and had been intruded approximately 5-6 mm relative to the adjacent left central incisor. The tooth was left for possible spontaneous re-eruption. However, after 3 weeks orthodontic extrusion was applied as an alternative treatment because no movement was evident. After 38 days, the extrusion was completed. This appliance was left in place for an additional three months for retention purposes and then removed. In follow-up radiographs taken one,two and three years after the extrusive traction, root canal obliteration was seen. No periapical radiolucency was observed. After a 3.7-year follow-up period, no signs of progressive root resorption, marginal bone loss, pulp necrosis or periapical lesions were observed. Regardless of the strategy, traumatically intruded teeth should undergo periodic clinical and radiographic surveillance on a long-term basis to allow early detection of possible complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (887K)
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