The present investigation was made from the viewpoints of finding the influence of the student's school adjustment, satisfaction in home life (i.e. family satisfaction), frequency of eating breakfast alone and pleasantness of dinnertime on the subjective feelings of being healthy (i.e. subjective well-being) . Samples were taken from 509 students in junior high schools. Questions were made to ask the above factors such as their family satisfaction, subjective well-being, frequency of eating breakfast alone and pleasantness of dinnertime. Analysis of the study was made by the path analysis method where the samples were classified into three groups as whole students, distinction of sex and academic years.
The results obtained are as follows:
(1) Three main factors that affect the subjective well-being were clarified as the frequency of eating breakfast alone, family satisfaction, and the student's school adjustment. The student's school adjustment was the principal factor among these factors. Pleasantness of dinnertime had an influence on the family satisfaction and had an indirect influence on the school adjustment and the subjective well-being. The family satisfaction had an influence on the student's school adjustment as well as on the subjective well-being through the influence on the student's school adjustment.
(2) The subjective well-being of female students was more affected by the family satisfaction than male students.
(3) The subjective well-being of second year junior high school students was more affected by the family satisfaction than any other school year's students. [J.J.H.E.P. 2003; 11 (1) : 1-11]

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Although the importance of stress management education for the elderly is well recognized, there has been little research thus far describing the intervention of stress management education for the elderly in Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of single-session stress management education on a group of Japanese elderly who live independently in their communities. In this study, 37 elderly independently living in the community participated in a one-session class of stress management education, as a part of monthly classes at a municipal education center for the elderly, and they learned about the stress system, activation techniques, and relaxation techniques. Subjects rated the Japanese version of Iceberg Profile (IP) before the program, after activation, and after relaxation. Two (sex) by three (time) repeated measurements of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed at the p<.05 levels. The results showed that the fatigue and Total Mood Disturbance (TMD) of IP were significantly decreased from pre- to post-activation and post-relaxation. However, no differences were observed among Anger-Hostility and Vigor. Male participants tended to show more improvement than females in Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, and Confusion. Results suggest that psychoeducational one-session intervention may help to reduce general stress responses in elderly community residents. In the next stage, it is necessary to examine the difficulties or the length of program had effects on the participants.

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The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between the stages of physical activity and self-efficacy in higher graders. Subjects were 397 pupils (198 boys and 199girls) in grade 4 through 6 in elementary schools. The pupils completed a battery of some questionnaires in classroom settings. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the stages of physical activity and self-efficacy. The results indicated that the levels of habitual physical activity was significantly correlated with self-efficacy for physical activity (boys r=.63, girls r=.41) . ANOVA was conducted to examine the relationship between physical activity stages and self-efficacy. As a result of ANOVA, it revealed that the self-efficacy scores differed significantly across stages. Precontemplation stage had less the self-efficacy for physical activity than the others. It was described that the increased self-efficacy for physical activity could contribute to increase physical activity in higher graders.

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In America and some of European countries, many studies suggest that there is a relationship between subjective health and mortality of the elderly people. It is known that there are many of directly and indirectly effects in this relationship, but the detailed nature of this relationship is still unknown. So therefore, this present study examined the relationship among subjective health and mortality in some of rural areas in Japan.
In this study, respondents consists of 19, 636 Japanese elderly people who aged over 60 in 1998. The baseline survey was conducted in 1998 and their survival status was ascertained during the subsequent 2 years. Within the follow-up period, 447 (2.3%) of the 19, 636 respondents have died.
In results of analysis, using of the Cox's proportional hazards models, controlling for age degree, number of diseases, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), a significantly higher mortality risk was found among men with a lower level of subjective health (poor, very poor) (relative hazard=1.69: 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.02 to 2.82, 3.45 : 2.25 to 5.30, respectively), a significantly higher mortality risk was found among women with a lower level of subjective health (very poor) (relative hazard=2.38: 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.34 to 4.22) .
The data suggested that high level of subjective health may be important of decreasing the risk of death for both men and women.
Finally, future research is needed to detail the risk factors and processes that result in subjective health. The implication from those findings for the implementation of health promotion program would be raised, and the limitation of this inference would also be discussed.

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