Since 1989, we have taken part in an international cooperative effort in the field of dental health care in the Kingdom of Nepal. From 1994 to 1997, a training project to train professional staff for oral health care was carried out with the local leaders of the village community. This training was held once a year for seven days. During this time 46 persons graduated from the program. They consisted of 21 primary school teachers, 9 counter-parts, 11 health workers, and 4 committee members. The subjects of the training sessions were dental medicine, diagnosis and pathology of dental cavities and periodontal disease, theory and practice for plaque control and nutrition guidance for eating and dental health.
The results of the evaluations of these programs by the students were as follows : (1) 75% of the graduates reported that they could understand the programs. As far as the amounts of lectures and practice, 66.6% of the graduates respond favorably. (2) Graduates wanted to do the following activities after graduation : brushion 100%, scaling 66.6%, oral examination 41.6% and nutrition guidance 33.3%. As for a suitable place to receive this instruction, preferences were as follows : at the health post 75%, in a local house 50%. (3) To promote students understanding and motivation for health activities in their own community, this training program was very successful, that combined both theory and practice. (4) This project was very successful in the area of promoting oral health activities in a developing country through training teachers as health workers and introducing the oral health education into the schools.

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Purpose
To a better understanding of genetic effects to human health for students in dietitian training schools, we have conducted gene analysis experiments by which students themselves can assign their genetic type.
Methods
91 female students of Division of Food and Nutrition, Jumonji College (Saitama, Japan) carried out two experiments to assign their genetic type of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2, normal or inactive), and cytochrome P450IA1 (CYP1A1, homozygote type T, heterozygote, or homozygote type C) . Questionnaires concerning what they are thinking of genetic effects to human health were performed before and after the experiments to find out whether students changed their answers or not.
Results
After the experiments, students considered genetic factors to human health more than before. The number of students who answered ‘I can drink alcoholic beverage well’ decreased only in students of ALDH2 inactive. However, more students who found their CYP1A1 to be type C, which is a high risk type for lung cancer from smoking, answered ‘I smoke’ after the experiment than those of other types.
Conclusion
Gene analysis experiments conducted in this study suggested to be effective to better considerations for genetic factors for students, however, as for a modification of students' behavior by knowing their type of certain gene, further discussion and investigation should be necessary.

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Research in the past two decades from about 50 studies has revealed that the effectiveness of nutrition education for children can be improved by the following conditions:
1. The program should focus on behaviors and influences on behavior, and not just on general knowledge.
2. The educational strategies should be directly relevant to the focus on behavior and should be based on appropriate theory and research.
3. The educational methods should emphasize all three domains of learning:
(a) cognitive concepts and analytical skills appropriate for cognitive developmental level that are needed to carry out the behaviors
(b) affective processes such as values, emotional meanings of foods, and motivations behind the behaviors;
(c) a behavioral change method including self-assessment, setting goals, practicing behavioral skills; receiving feedback; reinforcements for achieving goals.
4. The education program should devote adequate time and intensity to nutrition education.
5. The family should be involved for younger children and peers for older children.
6. The school environment should be changed for foster healthful eating.
7. It is also desirable for the larger community to be involved.
Most of the recent studies are directed at dietary behaviors that reduce risk of heart disease (lower fat and higher fiber diets) or of cancer (diets high in fruits and vegetables) . These studies are reviewed and a case study presented. At Teachers College, Columbia University, however, we emphasize behaviors that are healthful not only for the person but also for the ecological environment as well. We encourage children to become“earth friends.”Two case studies are described that use classroom cooking and lessons to help elementary school children and their families appreciate the importance of considering the environment as well as personal health in making food choices.

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