Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a measure for the stage of change and decisional balance of stress management among junior high students and to examine its reliability and validity.
Methods: Data was collected from 1533 students in the seventh to ninth grades of seven junior high schools in Kanagawa using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire between October-November 2010. One week later, questionnaire survey was carried out on 101 students again.
Results: In order to verify the re-test reliability of the stage of change, the Kappa coefficient (κ) was calculated for the values of the stage of change in the first and second stage measurement. The result of the calculation was κ=0.60. Therefore, the re-test reliability of the stage of change was considered satisfactory. Additionally, stress response was significantly lower in Action and Maintenance than in Precontemplation. The factor analysis of the decisional balance measure indicated that it is constructed by two sub-scales labeled Pros and Cons. Eight items for “Pros” and eight items for “Cons” for stress management were effective. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for Pros and Cons for stress management were 0.89 and 0.85, respectively. Excellent goodness-of-fit indices were obtained by confirmatory factor analysis (CFI=0.94, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.90, RMSEA=0.07). ANOVA revealed that the Pros and Cons scores differed significantly across the stages, that is, the Pros score increased as progressing stages and Cons score decreased. The re-test reliability was in an allowable range (Pros ρ=0.54, Cons ρ=0.58).
Conclusion: This study developed a measure for the stage of change and decisional balance of stress management and confirmed its reliability and validity.

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Abstract
Objective: This study examined the influences of personality traits on changes in the value of health behavior and psychological scales under the Tenshi Health and Nutrition Clinic metabolic syndrome preventive program.
Methods: The intervention study was performed. Clinic participants (n=102; 35 males, 67 females) were offered instructions and support to make health behavior changes according to a transtheoretical model. Scores for eating behavior change (EBC), physical activity behavior change (PABC), resting behavior change (RBC), self-efficacy (SE) in terms of three behaviors and general SE, and social support (SS) of three behaviors were surveyed before and after intervention. Personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and generalized SE were surveyed after intervention. The influence of personality traits on changes in the value of health behavior and psychological scales was analyzed by between-group comparison and multi-regression analysis.
Results: Two-way ANOVA was performed to assess the value of health behavior and psychological scales before and after intervention between the two groups with regard to personality traits scores. In males, EBC was significantly correlated with openness score and general SE with agreeableness score. In females, PABC was significantly correlated with conscientiousness score and SS (eating) and SE (eating) with extraversion score. Significant personality traits in the regression analysis specifying degrees of change in EBC, PABC, and RBC included openness in males and conscientiousness in females.
Conclusion: A significant relationship was demonstrated between the personality traits and changes in the value of health behavior and psychological scales, and the usefulness of personality-sensitive support was reinforced.

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Abstract
Objective: Many studies have reported that exercise improves mental health. A supportive activity for the Great East Japan Earthquake sufferers, which used exercise as a mental health care, was performed. In this study, we aimed to report the activities and efficacies of the exercise support.
Methods: To reduce body-mind exhaustion of sufferers, we used exercise as a means of relaxation and refreshment. The main contents of exercise included some bodyworks, such as yoga. Simple and effective exercises that could be done alone or together were selected to encourage subject autonomy. Support activities were carried out in Otsuchi-cho, Kamiheii-gun, Iwate-ken, for 3 months since April 2011.
Results: A total of 653 people (cumulative number) received exercise support. There were many difficulties to collect the details of individual data; however, alleviation of physical symptoms (low-back pain, gonalgia, neck pain, high-blood pressure, etc.) and improvement of facial expressions were observed after exercises.
Conclusions: It was confirmed that among sufferers of the Great East Japan Earthquake, exercise led to improvement of mental health via the alleviation of physical symptoms. We propose that exercise should be used as a type of mental health care after large scale disasters.

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Abstract
Objective: We examined the feasibility and effects of incorporating a nutrition education into fourth-grade social studies and the study hours of integrated studies to ensure that children do not waste their school lunch.
Method: Thirty-one fourth graders of an elementary school in Osaka, Japan, participated in this program in June 2009. We incorporated a nutrition education program into their social studies, describing the garbage generated through school-lunch wastage. Subsequently, we implemented a school-wide campaign during the integrated-studies class period to decrease school-lunch wastage. The program was evaluated by the children's descriptive content in class worksheets and the teacher's report on the progress of the program and campaign. Moreover, we assessed the proportion of school lunch wasted of whole school 10 days before and after the campaign and compared the June-October monthly proportions in 2009 with those of the previous year.
Results: Among the students, 67.7% stated that not leaving food uneaten could reduce wastage, and 96.8% proposed solutions such as “serving portions of an eatable size” to completely finish the lunch provided. The teacher reported that the program was conducted as planned and that the children actively participated in the campaign. The food-wastage proportion was significantly lower after the campaign than before. Moreover, this proportion was significantly lower in July 2009 than in July 2008.
Conclusion: The results suggest the feasibility of incorporating a nutrition education into social studies and the study hours of integrated studies, which can induce a behavioral change of not leaving their school lunch.

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