All issues
Volume 45 (1976)
- Issue 6 Pages 461-
- Issue 5 Pages 381-
- Issue 4 Pages 291-
- Issue 3 Pages 193-
- Issue 2 Pages 95-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 45, Issue 6
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Koitsu KATAGIRI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 461-468
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVigorously developing mulberry shoots on the one-year-old grafted trees of the variety Ichinose were separately exposed to 60Co gamma rays of 6kR at 120R/hr and of 7.5kR at 150R/hr at early July, early August and early September.
The results obtained are described briefly as follows:
1. After irradiation all of the irradiated shoots developed axillary buds with malformed narrow leaves, and after that all individuals in all irradiations in early September and about half of both early July and early August irradiations both with higher exposure, ceased shoot development. After developing the axillary buds with malformed narrow leaves the remaining irradiated shoots developed axillary buds with scaly leaves, leafless portion, and those with normal leaves, and then bifurcated.
2. This type of radiation damage was large for plants with higher exposure as comared with those with lower exposure, and it was also severe for plants irradiated at early July in comparison with those at early August.
3. From the ceasing of shoot development, the LD50 value of 150R/hr irradiation was estimated to be at the point a little more than 7.5kR, but the value in 120R/hr irradiation could not be estimated for tolerance of all plants to the exposure used.
4. The frequencies of mutations and tetraploids in grafts produced by propagation of axillary buds below the leafless portion were high in grafts with higher exposure as compared with those with lower one, and also the frequencies were high in early July irradiation in comparison with early August irradiation.
5. It was confirmed by repeated cutting-back treatment to the mutated and the tetraploid shoots that the size of mutation or tetraploid sector was large in the shoot derived from the less advanced axillary bud primordium at the time of irradiation as compared with that from the advanced one.
6. All of tetraploids obtained in the present experiment were cytochimeras having a diploid epidermiss over tetraploid internal tissues.View full abstractDownload PDF (1751K) -
Sueo URUSHIZAKI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 469-472
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Kiyoshi HIRABAYASHI, Masuhiro TSUKADA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 473-478
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTussah silk fibroin (α form) shrinks (0.2%-0.3%) at 100°C-200°C by the evaporation of water. In a temperature range over 200°C, Tussah silk fibroin film remarkably extends (10% of original length). This phenomenon of extending the length of silk film coincides with the glass transition temperature. Thereafter the transitional change from α to β form occurs at 230°C, which is confirmed by DSC measuring and by X ray diffraction pattern analysis. As the temperature increases, the fibroin film shows abrupt extension at 200°C and at about 340°C, while the fibroin fiber shows no such extension but a gradual and slight shrinkage. Moreover the length of Tussah silk fibroin film shows very small shrinkage in a temperature range of 300°C to 340°C and reaches to its equilibrium state and extends abruptly over 340°C.
On the other hand, Tussah silk fibroin fibers show the endothermic peak at 370°C on the DSC thermograms. After this endothermic peak, the β form structure changes into randomly coiled form. On the TMA thermograms of Tussah silk fibers, this remarkable shrinkage coincides with the structural change of β form into randomly coiled form. The α-β transition temperature in the Tussah silk film is 230°C, about the same temperature as in the domestic silkworm fibroin. On the other hand, the degradation temperature in the Tussah silk fibroin fiber is 370°C-380°C, while in the domestic fibroin fiber is 320°C-330°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (1852K) -
III. On the change of aggregating structure and dynamic propertiesYasuo KATOO, Masayoshi HAGIWARA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 479-483
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of heat-treating temperature on the dynamic properties of raw silk were determined, and the results were considered in relation to the changes of the aggregating structure of fibroin which were measured by infrared spectrum, crystallinity, double refractive index, specific gravity and diffusion coefficient of dye.
1. The tensile strength, YOUNG'S modulus and flexural rigidity of raw silk treated in oven from 100°C to 150°C for 2 hours slightly increased and the treated raw silk became hard a little,
2. It was considered that the fibroin in the amorphous region molecules were partially changed to β structure with the heat-treatment. As the moleculer chains of fibroin were packed closely, the heat-treated raw silk became hard in spit of the appearance of partial thermal degradation.
3. According to the increase of treatment temperature over 175°C in air, the crystallinity and the orientation decreased. So the dynamic properties of raw silk became very worse. When treated at 225°C, the raw silk was completely destroyed.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
Tetsu ASAYAMA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 484-490
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComparative observation on the morphogenesis of a nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Antheraea pernyi was carried out between the strain forming multishaped inclusion body (MSIB) and the strain forming triangular inclusion body (TIB). Frequency distribution of the numbers of nucleocapsids observed in an envelope differed in the two virus strains. MSIB-NPV ranged from one to 19 with highest frequency at 4 nucleocapsids. On the other hand, TIB-NPV ranged from one to 12, and about 76% of the virus bundles consisted of one to 3 nucleocapsids. Size of nucleocapsid of the former was about 40×260-300nm, and the latter was about 40×300-350nm. MSIB-NPV was similar to the typical NPVs in the deposition process of inclusion body protein. On the contrary, adhesion of clumpy inclusion body protein at the surface of developing inclusion body was observed in TIB-NPV. Formation of thick superficial layer in large inclusion body of TIB-NPV was observed, and virion was not included in this zone. Membraneous structure closely associated with aligned nucleocapsids was also observed in the infected nucleus. The structure did not seem to have derived from nuclear membrane nor to become the envelope of nucleocapsid. Budding of nucleocapsids was seen at the surface of nuclear membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (9878K) -
Shigetoshi MIYAJIMA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 491-497
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHemagglutination (HA) reaction with purified cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus (CPV) of the silkworm was investigated by the use of some mammalian erythrocytes. The results obtained are as follows:
1. Purified CPV and CPV-infected midgut homogenate hemagglutinated chicken erythrocytes, but healthy midgut homogenate did not.
2. When several concentrations of a chicken erythrocyte suspension in saline were mixed with an equal amount of the virus suspension in 0.01M phosphate buffered saline (pH6.8), 0.4-0.5% erythrocyte suspensions always gave the best results.
3. When 4, 25 and 35°C were used for the reaction temperature, the most suitable result was obtained at 4°C.
4. The stable pH range of the reaction was between 5.5 and 8.6 at 4°C in phosphate buffered saline, and the minimum quality of the virus detectable was 4-12μg/ml.
5. CPV hemagglutinated chicken, sheep and mouse erythrocytes, and the chicken erythrocyte was the most sensitive among them.
6. The HA value of CPV decreased gradually when CPV was kept at 4°C for more than two days.
7. When CPV was treated with ether, Tween 80-ether, sodium desoxycholate, fluorocarbon (once), formalin or hot water (90°C, 10min.), UV (40min.), the HA value was not affected.
8. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) reaction was positive on CPV.View full abstractDownload PDF (681K) -
Hiroshi DOIRA, Hajime KIHARA, Haruo CHIKUSHI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 498-502
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLinkage analysis of the dwarf-k (dw-k) gene was performed. It was shown that the dw-k gene was linked with white egg 2 (w-2), which had been known to be located at 3.4 position on the tenth chromosome. The recombination value between w-2 and dw-k was calculated as 16.13%. Three-point experiments involving dw-k and w-2 in cis-form and w-1 or oew in trans-form revealed that dw-k gene was located to the left of w-1 which had been mapped at 0.0 position. Hence, the arrangement of gene loci on the tenth linkage map was revised as follows; dw-k: 0.0, w-1: 12.7, w-2: 16.1, w-3 (oew): 19.6.View full abstractDownload PDF (544K) -
Kiyoshi HIRABAYASHI, Mitsuo ARAI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 503-506
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSericin films swollen in water (the degree of swelling; 50-60%) showed high elasticity, but their features were not coincident with FLORY's equation for the retractive force by swelling subsequent to creation of the network.
From the investigation of mechanical properties, the swollen sericin films increased markedly their length (max. 500%), but decreased in their tensile strength.
Dimensional changes of sericin were observed in water. The swollen and undrawn sericin films began to extend their length in the vicinity of 50°C but extended abruptly at above 90°C.
On the other hand, drawn and swollen sericin films shrank at first and held their equilibrium length until about 90°C but showed extension over it.
The dynamic modulus of swollen and unswollen sericin were 1×108dyne/cm2 and 1×1010dyne/cm2, respectively. By the absorption of water, the sericin became very flexible.View full abstractDownload PDF (323K) -
Tadahiko FUJIMAKI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 507-510
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMalformation of silkworm, pupal wing similar to the crayfish (cf) mutant was discovered from a breeding strain. And shown to be controlled by a reccessive gene which was independent of the cf gene. The gene, named as cf-e (EGUCHI's crayfish pupa), was linked with the multilunar marking (L) on the 4th chromosome with the cross-over value of 14.92%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1808K) -
Hisaya WATASE, Hajime MAMIYA, Sadao KARASAWA, Yoshimi HORIGOME1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 511-516
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe produced blended raw silk yarns from Antheraea yamamai and Bombyx mori cocoons, and a hand spun silk yarn from A. yamamai floss silk. White pongees were woven from these materials. The yarns and the fabrics were tested for mechanical properties. The results obtained were as follows:
1. The distinctions among initial elastic, ductile and reinforced regions were plainly drawn in the load-elongation diagrams, as the mixture ratio of A. yamamai silk yarn grew larger.
2. The tenacity and the YOUNG's modulus of the yarns grew smaller and the elongation grew larger with the increase of mixture ratio of A. yamamai silk yarn.
3. The shrinkage percentage of the yarns grew larger with the increase of mixture ratio. This tendency was more marked in the silk yarns than in the degummed twisted yarns.
4. It seems that the following equation represents the variation of the YOUNG'S modulus and the shrinkage percentage. But this equation cannot be applied to the tenacity and the elongation.
Vi=(My/100)·Vy+(1-My/100)·Vm
Vi=Integrated mechanical property
My=Mixture ratio of A. yamamai silk yarn
Vy=Mechanical property of A. yamamai silk yarn
Vm=Mechanical property of B. mori silk yarn
5. The compressive modulus of the fabrics grew larger and the crease resistance grew smaller with the increase of mixture ratio.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
Yoshiro TAKIZAWA, Sadaya KATSUNO, Susumu TAMAZAWA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 517-522
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The behaviour, shape and amount of apyrene sperm bundles in the testicular follicle of the triploid male were the same as was observed in those of the diploid male, while a larger number of abnormal eupyrene sperm bundles, whose nuclei were abnormally arranged in the head part of the bundles, were observed in the entire space of the follicle of the triploid larva on the 6th day of the 5th instar. The anormal bundles increased gradually till the 4th day after pupation and then began to degenerate.
2. A considerable number of normal apyrene spermatozoa were observed in the vas efferens, vas deferens and vesicula seminalis of the triploid adult male and the diploid adult male. On the other hand, there were only a few eupyrene sperm bundles, either normal or abnormal in appearance, in the triploid although a larger number of normal eupyrene sperm bundles existed in the diploid male.
3. When the triploid males were mated with the diploid females, a larger number of apyrene spermatozoa were observed in the bursa copulatrix and spermatheca as seen in the females mated with the diploid males. As to the eupyrene spermatozoa in normal appearance, however, only a few were observed in the females mated with the triploid males, whereas a larger number of normal eupyrene spermatozoa were observed in the females mated with the diploid males.
4. When the diploid males and females were mated, the apyrene spermatozoa began to degenerate at 3 to 4 hours after migration from the bursa copulatrix to the spermatheca and most of them degenerated at 5hours after migration. When the triploid males were mated with the diploid females, however, the apyrene spermatozoa showed no degeneration.View full abstractDownload PDF (6695K) -
Shigeru KURODA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 523-527
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe oxidation-reduction potentials of the homogenate of larval midgut tissue were measured with the use of the potential-time-curve method.
1. In the three divisions (anterior, middle, and posterior) of the midgut tissue of 5th instar larvae, the potentials drop speed (PDS) was highest in the posterior midgut and lowest in the anterior one, while there was hardly any difference in the final potential (FP) among them.
2. The PDS of the midgut tissue from the larvae which had undergone 2 days' starvation after the 4th ecdysis was considerably lower than that of the fed larvae. But the FP level of the midgut tissue of starved larvae was the same as that of fed larvae.
3. Throughout the feeding period of the 5th instar, the FP's and PDS's of the midgut tissue were maintained at a more or less constant levels. On the other hand, in the molting stage the FP's dropped to the level of about -500mV in the early 4th molting, but in other sample, they were retained at the same leve (-200mV) as those in the feeding period. The PDS was poor just before molting, and increased to maximum in the late molting, but fell off just before ecdysis.
4. The PD's of the blood were considerably lower than those of the midgut tissue, but the changes of the former in course of the larval development were found to be propotional to those of the latter. While the FP's of the former were roughly in agreement with those of the latter.View full abstractDownload PDF (494K) -
Sadaya KATSUNO1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 528-532
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAbnormal eupyrene and apyrene sperm bundles were observed in the testicular follicle of the normal silkworrm (J131×C132) during the period from the third day of the 5th instar till 132 hours after emergence.
1. The spermatocytal cysts with the picnotic spermatocytes were observed on the 4th day after spinning (the prepupal stage) and the day before emergence. Those spermatocytal cysts at the prepupal stage became abnormal eupyrene sperm bundles in which the head part was swollen. Such abnormal bundles began to degenerate at 120hours after pupation, and most of them degenerated at 2hours after emergence. On the other hand, the spermatocytal cysts which were observed on the day before emergence became abnormal apyrene sperm bundles, which took an irregular form, and degenerated along with the disintegration of the tissue of the testes.
2. Abnormal eupyrene sperm bundles of an irregular form were rarely observed in the lower part of the testicular follicle during the period from 120hours after (pupation to 4hours after) emergence.
3. A small number of the fully formed eupyrene sperm bundles with small black granules in the tail part were observed during the period from prepupal up to 192hours after pupation. It was considered that this morphological characteristics did not represent the abnormality in the eupyrene sperm bundle.View full abstractDownload PDF (3539K) -
Yukio TANAKA, Tyuzi KUSANO, Ryuzo KOBARA, Takashi KAWAI1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 533-536
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy means of thin layer electrophoresis in agar gel, the zymograms of haemolymph amylase of silkworm larvae were investigated. Five types of amylase bands which migrated toward the anode with different mobility were found in the haemolymph of 51 strains of silkworm larvae, and they were named A, B, C, D and E respectively in accordance with the degree of their mobility. The amylase isozymes were strain specific, and isozyme of males and females of the same strain showed identical mobility. Of these 51 silkworm strains, 39 had only B-type amylase band in their haemolymph, three had A-type, one had D-type, and three had E-type. Only one strain had both C and E-type amylase bands, but 4 strains had no amylase band. No change in electrophoretic pattern of amylase was observed during the development of silkworm larvae.View full abstractDownload PDF (3315K) -
Hideki SHIOZAKI, Yoshio TANAKA1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 537-538
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (160K) -
1976 Volume 45 Issue 6 Pages 539-541
Published: December 28, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|