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Predecessor
Volume 51, Issue 1
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Sakae SAKATE, Yoshiomi KATO, Kazunori SUZUKI1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of various photoperiods and temperatures on termination of summer diapause were examined in Antheraea yamamai pupae. When the newly ecdysed pupae were kept under short-day photoperiods of 8L-16D to 12L-12L at 25°C, pupal duration till emergence was shortened greatly and range of moth emergence was narrow. On the contrary, when they were kept under long-day photoperiod of 16L-8D, the pupal duration was much prolonged and the emergence range became wider. When exposed to a photoperiod of 14L-10D, the pupal duration and the emergence range were intermediate. From these, it is obvious that termination of pupal summer diapuse in this species is accelerated by short-day photoperiod and retarded by longday photoperiod. Subsequently, the pupae were exposed to 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, or 30°C at 12L-12D till emergence. The lower the temperature given, the longer the pupal duration but the narrower the range of moth emergence. Thus, it is suggested that relatively low temperature will be also effective for the termination of pupal summer diapause.View full abstractDownload PDF (385K) -
Yasuhisa KUNIMI, Yoshiaki MORITA1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 5-8
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTolerance against the cold storage of eggs of Hyphantria cunea at 5°C varied with ages of eggs. Eggs shortly after oviposition and just before hatching were sensitive to the cold storage, while eggs at the middle stage of embryonic development were resistant. Cold storage of eggs at 5°C for 10 days, after the 5-days storage at 25°C after oviposition, did not result in any noticeable effect on hatchability. Cold storage at suitable stages did not virtually alter the length of egg period thereafter.View full abstractDownload PDF (388K) -
Akira KUWAHARA, Hiromu NAKAMICHI, Hiromi YANAGIMORI1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 9-13
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe changes in the surface character of the raw silk with various sericin content after abration tests were investigated. The average height of amplitude on the surface contour curve was almost inversely proportional to sericin content, showing the irregularity of the distribution of sericin layer on the raw silk according to the decrease in sericin content. The increasing rate of the range of maximum height on the surface contour curve was proportional to sericin content after remarkable abrasion. The length and the increasing rate of the length of surface contour curve were scarcely increased in a low-sericin silk and were promoted in a high-sericin silk. These results indicated that the raw silk of less sericin underwent a small change in the surface contour after slight abrasion and was hardly abraded by the friction.View full abstractDownload PDF (517K) -
KUNIO TAKAMIYA, DENICHI KINOSHITA, MASAO KATO1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 14-19
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relationships between the light condition and the growth and development were studied with larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, reared on an artificial diet at 28°C under continuous light or dark conditions throughout the larval stages. (1) When larvae were reared uuder the continuous light condition, their growth was considerably delayed and supernumerary five molting larvae appeared. (2) The ratios of appearance of the five molting larvae differed depending on the silkworm races and sex. Among the three races used, the ratios were remarkably high in two original strains, J. 140 and C. 140, but low in the hybrid strain, J. 140×C. 140. Furthermore, the ratios were higher in the female than in the male larvae, irrespective of silkworm races used. (3) On the contrary, when reared under the dark condition, the larval growth and development was fairly synchronized and no five-molting larvae appeared in all strains used. (4) It was also observed that the larval body weights and cocoon weights were reduced in the continuous light as compared with those in the continuous dark condition. (5) From these results, the discussion was made on the physiological effect of the light condition on silkworm larvae and on the deleterious effect of light on the artificial diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (636K) -
Kensuke SHIMURA, Aiko KIKUCHI, Yotaro KATAGATA, Kohei OHOTOMO1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 20-26
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSmall component proteins were isolated from cocoons of Bombyx mori and assayed for amino acid composition and molecular size. The main fraction of the small components was demonstrated to possess the same characteristics as that of the small component isolated from posterior silk gland fibroin. The small component of cocoon was also shown to be connected to the large component of cocoon fibroin with disulfide bonds. The ratio of the small component to the large component was about one to one in molar ratio. Thus, we can conclude that cocoon fibroin is composed of each one mole of large and small subunits.View full abstractDownload PDF (2342K) -
Hajime SHIGEMATSU1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 27-34
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSI investigated the effect of JHA on the incorporation activity of precursors into nucleic acids and protein of the posterior silk glands under in vitro condition. Respective incorporations of 3H-TTP into DNA and 14C-leucine into protein were ceased when reaction media were lacking in boiled extract of larval haemolymph and amino acids. RNA synthesis expressed as the uptake of 3H-uridine was not remarkably affected by the JHA addition. JHA repressed somewhat the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA and moreover, it appeared as if the enhancement of the uptake of 3H-TTP into DNA caused by the addition of ATP was negated. The incorporation of labeled glycine into protein was accelerated by the JHA addition, but conversely, that of labeled leucine was remarkably suppressed. Such an inhibitory effect of JHA lasted after exclusion of JHA from the reaction medium. A possibility of concerning of JH with priming activity of DNA was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (703K) -
Takeshi KAKO1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 35-39
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study the effect of artificial perspiration on the performance of the silk fabric (Habutae) after repeated extension, the fabrics treated with acidic and alkaline perspiration solutions and water were repeatly extended, and the performance such as shrinkage, elongation, extension strength, luster and whiteness was determined.
The shrinkage of the fabric treated with acidic or alkaline artificial perspiration solutiosns was about 5%, similar to the treatment of water alone. The extension strength decreased equally to that of water treatment.
The whiteness after fade-meter exposure for 72hrs lowered in the following order: untreated>treated with water>treated with alkaline perspiration>treated with acidic perspiration.
Even when the untreated fabrics and those treated with artificial perspiration were heated with plate (at 220, 230 and 240°C for 3min) and in air (at 150°C for 90min), there was almost no difference in yellowing of the fabrics by the treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (485K) -
Toshiki NAGAE, Tadao SUZUKI1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 40-45
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigation was made on the effect of B vitamins added to the artificial diet on the pathogenicity of Streptococcus faecalis to silkworm larvae.
S. faecalis M-8 was low pathogenic to larvae reared on the basal artificial diet without any B vitamin. The pathogenicity of S. faecalis M-8 increased markedly in the larva reared on the diet innluding nicotinic acid, folic acid or biotin. The minimal optimal amount of B vitamins (ng/ml) required for the growth of S. faecalis was determined: Nicotinic acid; 25-250, folic acid; 0.5-2.5, biotin: 1.0-2.0. pantothenic acid; 50-150, pyridoxine; 1.0.
The variable pathogenicity of S. faecalis to the larva reared on an artificial diet was discussed in relation to the minimal optimal amount of B vitamins required for the growth of the bacteria and the amount contained in the artificial diet.View full abstractDownload PDF (602K) -
Kiyoshi KAWAKAMI1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 46-51
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is necessary for the safety production of cocoon in silkworm rearing to know a effect of fungicidal disinfection or a degree of microbial contamination in rearing room for the silkworm. Air sampling method by the Biotest RCS air centrifugal sampler was more effective than sedimentary sampling method with petri dishes on collecting air born fungi contained in room air of rearing room for the silkworm. Fungi ranging from 10/100 liter to 7.5×10/100 liter were trapped by RCS air sampler from room air of silkworm rearing house. Both of fungi, Penicillium and Aspergillus, were found with high frequency in air sampling. A few colonies of Claclosporium, Alternaria, Paecilomyces, Cephalosporium, Rhizopus, or Mucor were also detected in trappings. The Biotest RCS centrifugal air sampler may be useful for estimating the microbial contamination in rooms or tools, such as in the silkworm rearing room with artificial diet, since it is highly efficient, battery powered, completly portable, and easy to handle.View full abstractDownload PDF (3424K) -
Hideshi SUMIOKA, Shigeru KURODA, Narumi YOSHITAKE1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 52-57
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was undertaken to investigate the relationships among food ingestion, food digestion and body weight gain in the 5th-instar larvae of the three races under the restricted feeding by several indexes. An amount of mulberry leaves supplied was determined by multiplying body weight by indexes from 0.1 to 0.8, and this mulberry feeding was done twice a day. In each feed index of the three races, daily changes of amounts of food ingested and of food digested were closely correlated with those of body weight during feeding period of the 5th-instar. The approximate digestibility (A.D.) remained more or less constant levels from the first to middle day of the instar, declined gradually during the latter days, and then fell sharply at just before the spinning. The differences of the A.D. among the feed indexes were not statistically significant (P>.05). The efficiency with which digested food was converted to body substances (E.C.D.) was decreased with larval growth in the every feed indexes. The accelerations of decreased speed of the E. C. D. with larval growth were, however, not significant (P>.05) among the feed indexes. The smaller feed index increased the levels of E. C. D., There was a significant difference (P<.01) of the E. C. D. levels of the early stage of the 5th-instar among the feed indexes. It was, therefore, found that the restricted feeding by the indexes influenced on the E. C. D., but not on the A. D.. The feed efficiency calculated from A.D.×E.C.D. or gain/feed was alike to the E. C. D. in the daily changes and in the properties among the feed indexes.View full abstractDownload PDF (836K) -
Shigemi Kawase, Masao Nakagaki, Hisanori Bando, Yoji Furuta1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 58-65
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChemical properties on a small flacherie virus, “flacherie virus isolated by Furuta” (FVF), were investigated and compared to those of Ina-flacherie virus (Bombyx-DNV). The purified FVF had a diameter of 22nm, and the bouyant density in CsCl was found to be 1.40. The nucleic acid in the intact virion was determined to be single-stranded DNA by diphenylamine reaction, formaldehyde reaction and acridine orange staining. Moreover, it was supposed that complementary single-stranded DNA (plus and minus) was contained in separate virions, since the DNA was extracted as double-stranded DNA under conditions of appropriate high-salt buffer and elevated temperature. Four structural proteins, one major protein (VP1) with a molecular weight (MW) of about 50, 000 and the other three minor proteins (VP2, VP3 and VP4) with MWs of about 57, 000, 70, 000 and 77, 000 were found in FVF by SDS-PAGE. These compositions were closely similar to those of Bombyx-DNV. Immunological investigation using Bombyx-DNV antiserum also showed that both FVF and Bombyx DNV are identical virus, or both are closely similar strain to each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (5373K) -
Len BAI, Akinori SHIMAZAKI1982 Volume 51 Issue 1 Pages 66-76
Published: February 27, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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