The Journal of Sericultural Science of Japan
Online ISSN : 1884-796X
Print ISSN : 0037-2455
ISSN-L : 0037-2455
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Volume 66, Issue 2
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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  • Exploitation of mulberry genotypes for drought resistance potential
    DAVID DORCUS, MUNISAMY VIVEKANANDAN
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 71-80
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.71
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    Eight mulberry genotypes were screened for drought resistance potential by withholding water. Based on leaf yield, nutrient analyses (total soluble proteins, sugars, free amino acids, total lipids and sterols) and such drought resistant characters as stomatal frequency, cuticle thickness, epicuticular wax content, chlorophyll stability index, as well as water-related parameters (leaf water potential, relative water content, water loss and moisture retention capacity), the following mulberry genotypes are recommended for rain-fed conditions in the following hierarchy, S-13>S-34>BC2-59>MR-2>S-14>Tr-4>Kosen>M-5. S-13 and S-34 were found to maintain higher leaf water potential, nutrients and osmotins under stress conditions, producing higher leaf yield, and these genotypes are recommended for plantation in hot and arid conditions. Over production of osmotins such as proline or glycine betaine by two to three-fold is indicative of a positive and significant correlation to injury due to stress as these two osmotins were found to increase in both water deficit-susceptible and resistant mulberry genotypes.
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  • Mulberry productivity of soils in relation to their parent materials in Kumamoto Prefecture
    CHIKASHI KAMIMURA
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 81-91
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.81
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    The distribution of crop production potency of soils and their parent materials in Kumamoto Prefecture were investigated using the statistical records of sericultural production during 1962 to 1969. The soils in this area mainly consisted of volcanic ash soils originated from Aso volcanoes and were commposed of numeral parent materials. The high coccoon production levels were found in the areas of soils originated from denaturation rocks and granite. Also high production of cocoon was seen in the areas of the humic volcanic ash soil (blackish brown) and the alluvial soil. On the other hand, the humic volcanic ash soil (black) gave poorer production of cocoons. The soils from sedimentary rocks and serpentine rocks were also low in cocoon productivity. These results imply that the crop productivity in terms of sericulture largely depends upon the parent materials of soils probably via the natural nutrient contents which are in turn affected by the clay composition, texture, humus and minerals of soils.
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  • Production of new multi-core and multi-layered spun silk yarn
    YO-ICHI MATSUMOTO, HIDEKI SAITO, AKIO SAKAGUTI, KOICHIRO TORIUMI, HIDE ...
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 92-98
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.92
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    In order to improve the strength and structure of spun silk yarn, a multi-core and multi-layered spun yarn made by using an experimental ring-spinning frame was produced. This new composite yarn was spun by combining two production methods-those for core spun yarn and multi-layered spun yarn. The mechanical properties and thickness variation of various multi-core and multi-layered spun silk yarns were investigated, and the effects of inserting multi-core into the multi-layered spun yarn were discussed. By comparison with the multi-layered spun yarn, it was found that as the number of core filaments increased, the fasciation of the staple fibers in the yarn became the greater.
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  • Scanning electron microscopic observations on the embryogenesis in the wild silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai
    HIDEKO BABA, NOBUO KUWABARA, YOSHIMITSU IWASHITA
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 99-106
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.99
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    The embryo of Antheraea yamamai developed so rapidly compaired with Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi. Scanning electron microscopy of developing A. yamamai embryo revealed the ultrastructural changes of each stage, especially from 12hr post-oviposition to 240hr. The morphogenesis of the embryo also showed that at approximately 12hr post-oviposition the protocephalic and caudal lobes began to form. By 36hr, many of the appendages became visible form, and investigation of the proctodeum was initiated. Between 60 and 72hr, the embryo began to shorten and blastokinesis and dorsal closure took place. Between 96 and 108hr, the head and thorax became clear. By 240hr, all of the first instar larval features were present.
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  • The Pigments in the callus of Rubia akane and their dyeing properties
    MIE ENDO, KEIKO SAKATA, AKIRA KATAYAMA
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 107-112
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.107
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    The pigments in the callus which were produced by tissue culture of Rubia akane were investigated. The aqueous extracts prepared from the callus, in column chromatography on Sephadex LH-20 yielded four anthraquinone glycosides and three anthraquinone aglycons. After acid hydrolysis, anthraquinones of the glycosides were identified. Alizarin, purpurin, purpuroxanthin and 2-metyl-1, 3, 6-trihydoxyanthraquinone were found. The major constituents were purpurin and purpuroxanthin. Both the glycosides of purpurin and purpuroxanthin showed the presence of glucose and xylose by thin layer chromatography after hydrolysis. The three anthraquinone aglycons were alizarin, purpurin and 2-methyl-1, 3, 6-trihydroxy anthraquinone. Silk fabrics premordanted with aluminum salt were dyed with the glycosides of purpurin and purpuroxanthin. Surface color of dyed silk was shown on the a*b* diagram of the a*b*L* colorimetric system.
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  • Genetic analysis of the “translucent-15” mutant in Bombyx mori
    YUTAKA KAWAGUCHI, HIDENAO YAMADA, YUTAKA BANNO, KATSUMI KOGA, HIROSHI ...
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 113-115
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.113
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    A recessive mutation was found spontaneously in the f11 strain maintained in Kyushu University. It had characteristics of moderately translucent or oily larval skin. Linkage analysis showed that this gene was linked to the bl gene. The novel mutant gene was named translucent-15 (symbol oft). It was localized at position 42.7 centimorgans on the 15th linkage group on the basis of a three-point experiment involving bl and Se as markers.
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  • Difference of inducible antibacterial activity in hemolymph among the silkworm, Bombyx mori, races
    EIJI OKADA, KEISUKE MASE, KOUKICHI NAGASAKA, TOSHIO YAMAMOTO
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 116-122
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.116
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    To elucidate the relationship between the interracial variation in antibacterial resistance of silkworm and its defense mechanisms, the susceptibility of 10 silkworm races was tested against the insect pathogenic bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The difference in susceptibility was from 40 to 180 fold among the silkworm races. Furthermore, the inducible antibacterial activity of hemolymph was tested by the diffusion method against 2 insect pathogenic bacteria, P. aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens, and 2 enterobacteria, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae. In this assay, all races showed some antibacterial reaction to the enterobacteria and the activities differed among races. The race “Daizo” especially showed the highest activities in all test. However, these results of the activity tests did not always correspond with those of the susceptibility tests. The hemolymph induced antibacterial activity was examined by the method of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native-PAGE). As an antibacterial band in the gel was detected at the same mobility in all races, these differnces of the activity are likely to be caused by the quantity of antibacterial substances.
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  • Genetical analysis of the mosaic lethal mutant in Bombyx mori
    KOICHIRO GOTO, MASAHIKO KOBAYASHI
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 123-127
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.123
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    The genetical manner and characteristics of the mutant found from the Cre strain in Bombyx mori were estimated. The mutant laid spontaneously mosaic egg, and also simultaneously white color and normal color eggs. Those eggs can not be hatched.
    The female moths were divided into two groups, and one is used for maintenance of the strain, the other is used for the test cross. We investigated the frequency of moths which laid mosaic eggs, the frequency of lethal batches in sibcross, the frequency of mosaic expression in next generation.
    The mutant strain was mated with a normal strain (C108), then F1 and F2 progenies were investigated on the mosaic expression.
    Furthermore, the male moths of the mutant strain were mated with C108, and the frequency of moths which laid unfertilized eggs was investigated.
    We conclude that this mutant is controlled by a single recessive gene (designated as mosaic lethal gene: l-mo). Although moths homozygous for l-mo can copulate, female moths homozygous for l-mo lay mosaic eggs consisted of zygotic cell and androgenetic cell, male moths homozygous for l-mo decline for fertilization ability.
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  • The mode of hibernation of mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari Hope in Korea
    HYUNG JOO YOON, YOUNG IL MAH, IN GYUN PARK, SANG BEOM LEE, SEONG YEOL ...
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 128-131
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.128
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  • Fibrillation of silk fibers, its treatment method and producing of silk paper
    TAMAKO HATA, HIROSHI KATO
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 132-135
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.132
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    Fibrillation and a treatment method in which silk fibers are split into many fine and/or thin fibers was studied with the purpose of obtaining fibrillated fibers and tracing production of paper made from silk fibers. In this paper, the influence of alkali on fibrillation in turning silk fibers into dispersed water suitable for tracing paper production was examined. It was found that a solution containing a sodium hydroxide concentration of approximately 2.0-2.2% was the optimum amount for beating of silk fibers in the solution immersed for 24 hours at room temperature. Machines such as a beater or mill were found to too severely beat the silk fibers. Hand beating methods using a wooden or ceramicstick were found to produce much better results regarding state of the beaten silk fibers, fiber water dispersion and drainage rate in paper processing. Splitting of fine and/or thin fibers, however, could not be closely observed, even for samples treated with the 2.0-2.2% sodium hydroxide solution.
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  • Identification of isofucosterol in mulberry leaves, Molus alba
    MASAYOSHI YAMAZAKI, NAOKO NAKAMURA, AKIRA KURIOKA
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 136-137
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.136
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  • Plasticizing of silk fibroin film
    SHINICHIRO HIRAIDE
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 138-140
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.138
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  • Hatchability in triploid silkworms of sex-linked chocolate
    KEN SAHARA, SHOUKO FUKUTANI, HIROSHI SAITOH, TOHRU NAKADA, SHIN-ICHIRO ...
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 141-144
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.141
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Physico-mechanical properties and dyeing behaviors of Tussah silk fabrics coated with chitosan
    TAKESHI KAKO, AKIRA KATAYAMA
    1997 Volume 66 Issue 2 Pages 145-148
    Published: April 28, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11416/kontyushigen1930.66.145
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