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Volume 73 (2004)
- Issue 2+3 Pages 71-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
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Volume 73, Issue 2+3
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MITSUO KUWADA, TAKESHI HORIE2004 Volume 73 Issue 2+3 Pages 71-76
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExcess applications of chemical fertilizer give adverse effects on regional ecosystems and environment. We studied the effects of mulberry leaves grown at different fertilizer application rates, including long-term unfertilized cultivation, on the susceptibility of silkworm larvae to a food dye, phloxine (C.I. Acid Red 92), which is also known as a carcinogenic substance. Silkworm larvae raised with unfertilized mulberry leaves showed about 10 times stronger resistance to phloxine than those raised with fertilized leaves, living for longer times after fed on leaves treated with 4% phloxine solution. Median lethal time of silkworm larvae after phloxine application significantly differed among different fertilizer application rates in the following order: no nitrogen (N), no phosphate (P) and no potassium (K) > no N but with P and K < with N, P and K. With respect to free amino acids of mulberry leaves, the concentrations of Asp, Gln, Thr, His, Pro, Gly and Ala were positively correlated to the nitrogen application rate.
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KUNIAKI FUKUI2004 Volume 73 Issue 2+3 Pages 77-82
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in lamina, petiole and internode growth in the mulberry (cv. Shin-ichinose) were investigated and the relationships between their growths and temperature were considered. The duration of internode growth was shortest and the duration of the petiole was longest. The growth duration of the lamina had a highly negative relationship to the temperature at the leaf appearance and the growth duration of the internode had a highly negative relationship to the temperature more than ten days before the internode appearance. The growth duration of the petiole had less of a relationship with temperature. Some petioles elongated again after the growth stopped. The lower the position of the petioles, the longer the elongation became. The temperature effects on the internode length were different among three temperature conditions. At 20°C, first internode length was very short and the length increased steeply until about the tenth internode. After that, the length decreased gradually to about the 20th internode and the length became almost constant. At 28°C, first internode length was longer than at 20°C and the length increased gradually until about the tenth internode. After that, the length became almost constant. At 24°C, a change in the internode length showed middle style of the changes in the length at 20°C and 28°C. From the results, it was considered that the leaves established a vertical position during the early growth of their attached internodes, and that the lamias improved their position to intercept light by late growth of their attached petioles.
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FUJIE KURIOKA, AKIRA KURIOKA, AKIRA AOKI, HIDEKI SHIOZAKI2004 Volume 73 Issue 2+3 Pages 83-88
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
Technical Report
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CHIYUKI TAKABAYASHI, KUNIKO NAKAMURA, EIKO MIYAZAKI2004 Volume 73 Issue 2+3 Pages 89-95
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: November 13, 2006
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors have developed a bulky silk named "High Bulk Silk". This reeling method is quite different from the ordinary silk reeling, that is, the silk thread is fed through a pair of upper and lower feed gears, which the lower gear is a V shape and the upper gear is a flat shape. The cocoon filaments picked up from cooked cocoons are inserted between the feed gears, and the cocoon filaments on outside position (long circumference) of the lower V shape gear are fed more than the cocoon filaments existing in the inside position (short circumference) of the lower gear. This makes a bulky silk which is made of the different lengths of cocoon filaments within a silk thread. After that, the silk thread is fed through an the air jet nozzle, and reeled up on a wheel. The physical properties of the High Bulk Silk are examined. As a result, it is shown that the more width of cocoon filaments inserted between the feed gears, the more bulky the silk thread. Therefore, the strength of the silk thread becomes less, but the softness increases.
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