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Volume 65 (1996)
- Issue 6 Pages 411-
- Issue 5 Pages 319-
- Issue 4 Pages 235-
- Issue 3 Pages 151-
- Issue 2 Pages 81-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Predecessor
Volume 65, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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SHIGEO IMANISHI, HIROSHI SINBO, KENJI KIGUCHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 235-240
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo establish a method of long-term storage of silkworm eggs, the efficacy of cryopreservation was assessed by hanging culture of embryos after freezing treatment. Embryos of both diapause and non-diapause eggs failed to survive, when whole eggs were preserved at -30°C in a cryoprotection solution containing glycerol. Also no survivors were observed when dechorionated embryos were cryopreserved at -30°C; however, co-culture of these cryopreserved embryos with the extra-embryonic region of non-cryopreserved eggs resulted in partial development of embryos. Our finding suggests that the extra-embryonic region is much more sensitive for freezing than the embryo.View full abstractDownload PDF (2553K) -
XINGFU XIAN1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 241-247
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolluted soils collected from a mulberry field near a zinc smelter in Annaka City, Gunma Prefecture, were adjusted for the pH values from 3.6 to 8.3 by slacklime and HCl, and the effects of soil pH on the chemical forms of heavy metals in polluted soils were investigated. The soils were sequentially extracted so that Cd, Zn and Pb could be partitioned into operationally defined chemical fractions called exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxide, organic and residual. Relative proportions of heavy metals in the carbonate form were decreased according as the decreasing soil pH, and, simultaneously, those in the exchangeable form were increased. The proportions of heavy metals in the Fe-Mn oxide form were decreased to some extent only at low pH values. The changes of soil pH scarcely affected the proportions of heavy metals in the organic and residual forms.View full abstractDownload PDF (789K) -
TAKESHI YOKOYAMA, MASATAKA SUZUKI, DA-CAI QU, HIROAKI ABE, TOSHIKAZU O ...1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 248-254
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSZZW triploids with the giant egg gene (Ge) in the consitution of ZGeZGeW, ZGeZ+W and Z+Z+W were induced by hot water tratment (46°C, 18min) applied to the inseminated eggs shortly after oviposition. These 3 types of triploid moths deposited a mixture of eggs irregular and normal in shapes. The eggs deposited by ZGeZGeW females included large sized ones, which were superior to the Ge hemizygous eggs (ZGeW) by 1.04 to 1.13 times in lenght and width and 1.13 to 1.20 times in weight. The ZGeZGeW females were severely impaired in the egg productivity. These results suggested that the Ge gene is functionally recessive in this type of triploid.View full abstractDownload PDF (3129K) -
XINGFU XIAN1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 255-261
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPolluted soils collected from mulberry fields in Annaka City, Gunma Prefecture, were adjusted for the pH values from 4.5 to 6.9 and the effects of soil pH on the mulberry plant growth and the plant availability of Cd, Zn and Pb were investigated. The plants grown in the soils were determined for the dry matter yields, which were found to be decreased according to the acidity of soil. In comparison with soil pH, heavy metals in the soils less influenced the plant growth. The Cd, Zn and Pb concentrations in the mulberry plant had scarce relationship to those in the soils, but the amounts of the elements taken up by the plants had close correlations with their concentrations in exchangeable+carbonate forms in the soils. Soil pH would control the concentration of heavy metals in the plants through the inhibition of mulberry plant growth. The plant availability of Cd, Zn and Pb is dependent on their concentrations in the exchangeable and carbonate forms in soils.View full abstractDownload PDF (817K) -
HONG KYU CHOI, SU KYUNG CHOI, KIYOKO TANIAI, KEIKO KADONO-OKUDA, YUSUK ...1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 262-269
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome hemocyte proteins from the silkworm, Bombyx mori, were found to be phosphorylated when isolated hemocytes were incubated with [32P] orthophosphate in the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). On the other hand, the LPS-induced phosphorylation was not observed in BmN4 cells, a cell line originated from B. mori embryo, suggesting that the phosphorylation occurs tissue-specifically. One of the phosphorylated hemocyte proteins having molecular weight of 37, 000 was purified and digested with V8 protease or lysylendopeptidase. The amino acid sequence of the proteolytic fragments was determined and compared with those of other reported proteins. The results showed that the partial amino acid sequence of the 37kDa protein has 98% identity with that of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from Drosophila melanogaster, suggesting that the 37kDa protein is related to GAPDH and involved in the self-defense system in B. mori.View full abstractDownload PDF (4060K) -
LIANG JUN ZHU, MITSUO ARAI, KIYOSHI HIRABAYASHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 270-274
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe molecular basis of sol-gel transformation of sericin extracted from cocoons with hot water was investigated by analyzing circular dichroism, infrared spectrum and X-ray analyses of sericin gels during the transformation. Results showed that sericin gel was reversible; it easily dissolved into sol at high temperatures and again returned to gel by cooling. This property was in contrast to the that of fibroin gel which was irreversible and did not become sol by heating. These difference between fibroin and sericin gels may mirror their structural divergence, which may be ascribed to their difference in β-structure, contents of polar amino acids (Ser, Thr, Asp) and mobility of molecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (476K) -
TAKESHI KAKO, MOTOYUKI SUMITA, HAJIME MORI, FUJIYOSHI MATSUBARA1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 275-277
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe raw silk and silk yarn obtained from silkworm larvae reared on an artificial diet which contained tofu (made of soy beans) cake powder in the ratio of 50% were analyzed for some physical properties. The values of hygroscopicity at different RHs were little or less larger than those of the control specimens from larvae reared on a standard artificial diet without tofu cake. Similarly, the values of water absorption property and affinity to the dyes Orange II, Methylene Blue and Benzopurpurine 4B were a little larger compared to the control.View full abstractDownload PDF (335K) -
CHIYUKI TAKABAYASHI, SUBHAS VENKAPPA NAIK, HISASHI TSUBOI1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 278-285
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of cocoon cooking conditions on the cocoon filament exfoliation tension has been studied using cocoons from Indian and Japanese bivoltine hybrids. It was observed that the cocoon cooking conditions had a significant influence on the cocoon filament exfoliation tension. The exfoliation tension of undercooked cocoons was observed to be higher than that of moderately cooked cocoons and overcooked cocoons. A similar trend was observed also with the influence of cocoon cooking conditions on the moving standard deviation of exfoliation tension of cocoons from both Indian and Japanese bivoltine hybrids. Furthermore, changes in filament exfoliation tension from outer layers to inner layers were analysed. The occurrence of abnormal increase in exfoliation tension (due to hard agglutination points) was decreased from outer layers to inner layers in the case of Indian bivoltine hybrids CSR10×CSR11, whereas it was increased from outer layers to inner layers in the case of Japanese hybrid. This may be attributed to the racial characteristics of cocoons, spinning conditions and sericin.View full abstractDownload PDF (732K) -
XINGFU XIAN1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 286-291
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe roots of mulberry and Athyrium yokoscense grown in water culture, which was mixed with Cd and Zn, were separated into 4 subcellular fractions: F1 (cell wall), F2 (cell nuclei), F3 (mitochondria and plastids) and F4 (some tiny organelles and soluble materials). These fractions were investigated for the Cd and Zn distributions. In the case of mulberry root cells, the Cd and Zn distributed in F4 were more than 30 and 40%, respectively, and in F1 about 40%. On the other hand, F1 of A. yokoscense root cells seemed to be an outstanding heavy metal accumulator, possessing Cd and Zn more than 80%. In this plant, these metals in F4 were as low as less than 10%. The tolerance of A. yokoscense for Cd and Zn was 100 times and 10 times higher, respectively, than mulberry, and this may be interpreted at least partly by the high metal-accumulation capacity of the root cell wall of this plant.View full abstractDownload PDF (834K) -
XINGFU XIAN1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 292-297
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExtracts from the roots of mulberry grown in water culture which was mixed with Cd, Zn or Pb were separated by Sephadex G-75 gel filtration to examine the form of heavy metals present in the soluble fraction of the roots. Cd appeared in 3 peaks (P1, P2 and P3) and Zn in 2 peaks (P1 and P3). Pb exhibited P4 (although small) in addition to P1, P2 and P3, where in P1 was the largest. P1 corresponded to the void volume of the gel column and thus Cd, Zn and Pb in P1 may be bound to components with molecular weights of more than 70, 000. The heavy metals appeared in P2 and P3 were considered to be bound to substances (proteins?) with molecular weights of about 3, 000 to 70, 000. Pb in P4 may be bound to low molecular weight components or in a free form. The ratio of the heavy metal concentration to A250 of each peak was augmented according to the concentration of heavy metals in the culture media in which the plants were grown. The A250 values of P3 markedly dropped when the plant growth was inhibited by the heavy metals.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
MANABU KAMIMURA, MAKOTO KIUCHI, YOJI FURUTA, SHIGEHARU KURIBAYASHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 298-302
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of sawdust of hinoki cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa, on the efficiency of natural mounting methods of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, was investigated. When hinoki sawdust was scattered over the rearing beds, silkworms mounted to the cocooning frames much more rapidly than the control. In the case of the race C146×N137, 85% of treated silkworms mounted to the frames within 3hr after the scattering, whereas only 30% of untreated silkworms mounted. Scattering of hinoki sawdust increased the mounting efficiency in the netting method, too. Hinoki essential oil had a repellent effect against wandering silkworms and old sawdust with little woody scent had no effect, indicating that these acceleratory effects are mainly due not to physical characteristics of sawdust but to volatile substances from hinoki. These results indicated that hinoki sawdust or repellent chemicals contained in hinoki can be efficient mounting accelerators in the natural mounting of the silkworm.View full abstractDownload PDF (518K) -
MASAAKI AZUMA1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 303-311
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn active transport system of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) was identified and characterized in the anterior silk gland of 5th instar larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Using fluorescent acridine orange, acidic granules were found in the apical region of cytoplasm. The acidification of these granules was completely and reversibly inhibited under the presence of 0.1 to 1μM bafilomycin A1. This was observed throughout the larval stage of the 5th instar until the onset of spinning. During the incubation with acridine orange, acidic granules seemed to be transported apically and to be concentrated beneath the apical plasma membrane. These findings imply that V-ATPase is shuttled between an intracellular vesicular compartment and the plasma membrane. The microsomal membrane vesicles from the anterior silk gland cell showed ATP-dependent H+-transport activity, which was greatly enhanced by the presence of Cl-. The immunological blotting test with the antibody against V-ATPase holoenzyme of Manduca sexta midgut showed the presence of subunits A, B, C and G of V-ATPase in the anterior silk gland cell. The V-ATPase was shown to be distributed in the cytoplasmic area of the anterior silk gland cell by immunohistochemistry with the monoclonal antibody against subunit A of Manduca V-ATPase. The rough estimation of luminal pH with pH test papers indicated that the pH value in the 5th instar feeding larvae was around 5.5. On the other hand, that of spinning larvae was around 6.5, suggesting that the acidification by the V-ATPase is off at the spinning stage. These lines of evidence suggest that the V-ATPase of the anterior silk gland participates in the acidification of the glandular lumen during the feeding period of 5th instar.View full abstractDownload PDF (6406K) -
OSAMU KOTANI, LIANG JUN ZHU, MITSUO ARAI, KIYOSHI HIRABAYASHI1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 312-314
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (358K) -
MASAHIKO HIROKAWA1996 Volume 65 Issue 4 Pages 315-317
Published: August 27, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (395K)
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