Pedologist

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App3-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App3

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Pedology and Curriculum

Y. Kondo

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 1-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_1

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Diagenesis of Organic Components and Inflow of Paleoandosol in a Peatland Observed by High-resolution Solid-state ^<13>C NMR

Shigemitsu ARAI, Osamu ITO, Shigenobu HAYASHI, Kikuko HAYAMIZU

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 2-14
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_2

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Transformation of organic components was investigated on peat samples obtained at Oonohara wetland, Aichi prefecture, Japan, from depths of 40cm, 130cm, and 170cm, by ^<13>C NMR measurement. 1) Coarse fractions (larger than 2 mm), consisting mostly of plant residues, were found to be rich in saturated carbons. A decrease in methoxyl and carbohydrate carbon content with increasing depth was noted. 2) Fine fractions (smaller than 2mm) contained more carboxyl ester and alkyl carbon than coarse fractions. Changes with differing depths were not clear in these fractions. 3) Humic acid fractions contained less carbohydrate and methoxyl carbon, and more olefine aromatic carbon than fine fractions. Spectral characteristics differed between the 130cm layer and the 40cm and 170cm layers. The humic acid fraction in the 130 cm layer was clearly richer in unsaturated carbon than the other two layers. 4) Since the 130cm humic acid resembled andosol humic acids, an inflow of andosol from the surrounding land was assumed.

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Moisture Regime and Its Pedogenic Roles in Anthraguic Paddy Soils

Tadao HAAZAKI

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 15-27
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_15

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The annual changes of water pressure and moisture suction of the anthraquic paddy soils were observed in relation to their profile morphology, and their pedogenic roels were discussed. 1) In terms of water dynamics, medium- and coarse-textured anthraquic paddy soils have, during the irrigation period, a sequence of upper saturated percolation zone/ open unsaturated percolation zone/lower ground water saturated zone. In the upper saturated zone, grayzation, and eluviation and illuviation of iron and manganese has taken place. In the open unsaturated percolation zon, the brown C horizons were formed. Grayzation has occurred in the lower ground water saturated zone. 2) In the fine-textured anthraguic paddy soils, saturated percolation zone and ground water saturated zone merged together, and seemingly ground water level come up to the surface. Grayzation has occurred throughout the upper saturated percolation zone. The relation between the upper boundary of Go horizon and lowest water level was different depending on the depth of the Go horizon. 3) Desiccation stronger than -50kPa suction in off-season has given rise to the formation of plowsoles, and the desiccation stronger than -6kPa suction has caused the formation of the underlying Bg which is characterized by prismatic structure, iron and manganese mottles and concretions, and compactness.

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Moisture Regime and Pedogenic Characteristics in Upland Paddy Soils

Tadao HAMAZAKI

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 28-40
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_28

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The annual changes of water pressure and moisture suction of the upland paddy soils derived from Pseudpgleys and Yellow soils in the basins of the Aya River and the Honzu River were observed in relation to their morphological characteristics, and their pedogenic roles were discussed. 1) In the upland paddy soils, eluviation and illuviation of iron and manganese, grayzation and formation of root-like and filmy mottles in top soil, and formation of subsurface horizons which are characterized by stringy and cloudy mottles, manganese concretion, prismatic structure, grayed clay cutans on ped faces or in pores, and compactness have occurred under rice cultivation. 2) In the upland paddy soils derived from Pseudogleys and Pseudogleyed Yellow soil, saturated percolation zone and ground water saturated zone merged together, seemingly ground water level come up to the surface. Grayzation has occurred throughout the upper saturated percolation zone and hastened the formation of pseudogleyed horizons. 3) In terms of water dynamics, the upland paddy soil derived from the Yellow soil that has moderate angular blocky structure in subsurface horizons has, during the irrigation period, a vertical sequence of upper saturated percolation zone/open unsaturated percolation zone/lower ground water saturated zone as well as the course-textured anthraquic paddy soils. In the upper saturated zone, grayzation, and eluviation and illuviation of iron and manganese has taken place. In the open saturated percolation zone, the yellowish brown B horizon without any mottles has been formed. Grayzation has occurred in the lower groundwater saturated zone. 4) Desiccation stronger than -50kPa suction in non-irrigation period has given rise to the formation of plowsols, stringy mottles and manganese concretions, and the desiccation stronger than -6kPa suction has hastened the formation of the subsurface horizons which is characterized by prismatic structure and compactness.

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Various indices for determining the degree of decomposition and some physico-chemical properties of peat soils

Renzo Kondo, Ken-ichi Endo

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 41-56
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_41

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In order to evaluate some efficient methods for determining the iegree of decomposition and their suitability for field survey of peat soils in Hokkaido, a comparisons among 7 methods for the determination of the degree of peat decomposition in various peat soils, differing in peat-forming plants and/or fiber contents, were examined in relation to the physical and chemical properties of them. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Differences in various indices for determining the degree of decomposition except von Post method were found among the peat soils (Lowmoor Peat, Transitional Moor Peat, Highmoor Peat) and soil organic materials (Sapric, Hemic, Fibric), but no differences in various fiber content and Pyrophosphate Index (PI) were detected between Lowmoor Peat and Transitional Moor Peat soil. 2) Very high correlations were found among various indices for determining the degree of decomposition except Von Post method. Especially a close relationship was found between the rubbed fiber content and the degree of humification obtained by the Kaila method, and the rubbed fiber content and PI, respectively. 3) A significant correlations were found between various indices for determining the degree of decomposition except Von Post method and some physico-chemical properties. Particularly a close relationship was found between field bulk density and total carbon, ash content, and pH (H_2O). In addition, a significant correlation were found between some physico-chemical properties and moisture weight percentage and PI. 4) In peat soils which are contaminated by inorganic matter the rubbed fiber content on the basis of organic matter, rubbed fiber content per volume, PT, field bulk density and moisture weight percentage appeared more suitable for extensive surveys in both laboratory and field than the other methods. In order to understand the unknown physico-chemical properties in peat soils, the adoption of some indices for determining the degree of decomposition are very useful, and consequently so on the peatland management and utilization of peat resources, because their properties can be estimated easily.

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Impression on the Second Pedologist Training Course in Sugadaira(Profile)

O. Nakahara

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 57-58
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_57

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The Second Pedologist Training Course in Nagano(Profile)

K. Tamura, N. Fujitake

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 59-60
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_59

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 61-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_61

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 62-64
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_62

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages 65-70
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_65

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App4-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App4

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App5-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App5

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App6-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App6

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages App7-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_App7

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_Cover3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1993 Volume 37 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
Published: June 30, 1993
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.37.1_Cover4

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