Pedologist

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App3-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App4-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App4

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[title in Japanese]

T. Sakuma

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 1-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_1

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Distribution of Allophanic Andosols and Non-allophanic Andosols in Western Japan

Nobuhiko MATSUYAMA, Masahiko SAIGUSA

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 2-9
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_2

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Distributions of allophanic Andosols and nonallophanic Andosols in Western Japan (Kinki, Chugoku, Shikoku and Kyushu Districts) were determined. 376soi1 samples were divided into two groups according to the ratio of pyrophosphate extractable Al/acid oxalate extractable Al, the amonts of acid oxalate extractable Si and the clay contents: allophanic Andosols and nonallophanic Ando-sols. Allophanic Andosols were mainly distributed in central and southern parts of Kyushu District having thick depositions of Holocene tephra and occupied 889,000 ha, or 64%of total Andosols. On the other hand, nonallophanic Andosols were scattered in the regions having poor depositions of Holocene tephra such as Kinki District, Chugoku District, Sikoku District and northern part of Kyushu Districts and occupied 508,000 ha or 36% of it. The distribution patterns of allophanic and nonallophanic Andosols were closely related to the thickness of Holocene tephra deposition rather than climatic condition such as precipitation and P-E index: thick deposition of Holocene tephra for allophanic Andosols and poor deposition of it for nonallophanic Andosols.

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Truncated cone phytoliths originated from the leaf-blades of Arundinoideae in New Zealand

Renzo KONDO, Masako HORI

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 10-19
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_10

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The three dimensional shape, frequency and phytolith size of truncated cone phytoliths were studied for 13 species, 3 genera of Arundinoideae that grew naturally in New Zealand. A usefull classification of truncated cone phytoliths was established and tested in these grasses. The results are summarized as follows. 1) Careful identification and description of three-dimensional characteristics of truncated cone phytoliths seem the most useful approach for distinguishing closely related genera and species. 2) The truncated cone phytoliths could be distinguished from each other according to the mean and95%con- fidence interval of these size parameters (Width A, height C, height C/width A etc.). Especially, a height C/width A ratio is a useful indicator that characterizes truncated cone phytoliths nad the height C/width A ratio of more than 1.0 corresponds to the spooi shaped ones reported by Pearsall. and Trimble (1983). 3) Based on three-dimensional morphology and size of truncated cone phytoliths, they were divided into two broad groups whether their altitude (height C) was longer or shorter than the length of base in side view: the former were classified as long truncated cone phytoliths, while the latter short truncated cone ones, respectively. In addition, these types were subdivided by forms of their outline in planar view. 4) The truncated cone phytoliths comprised from 2 to 100% in total short cell ones. Especially, the high frequencies (>60%) of these phytoliths were found in Cortaderia and Chionochloa (C. rubra; C. rigida, C. fravescens, C. S. I. flav). Long truncated cone phytoliths orginated from Cortaderia toetoe, Chionochloa flavescens, and C. defracta comprised from 56 to 84% of total short cell phytoliths. On the other hand, short truncated cone phytoliths from Cortaderia, Chionochloa rubra and C. rigida contained from 30 to 37%. 5) The major classes from short cell phytoliths were found in the most species of Chionochloa, but panicoid and festucoid were found in minor amounts. Exceptionally, high frequencies (about 86%) of panicoid were detected in Chionochloa cheesemanii and C. conspicua.

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Influences of extracting temperature on diluted sodium hydroxide soluble humus properties (1) : Comparison between extraction at room temperature and under heating

Sadahiro Toshimasa YAMAMOTO, Osamu MIYATA, Nobutatsu SANATANI

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 20-30
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_20

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Influences of extracting temperature on the quality and quantity of diluted sodium hydroxied soluble humus were studied by comparing the humus extracted at room temperature (303 K) and under heating on the boiling water bath (373 K), using 127 samples consist mainly of volcanic ash soils in Japan. Extraction at room temperature decreased the amount of humus extracts by 5〜50% compared with the heating extraction, while it increased the darkness of the humus extracts, measured by the absorbance at 600 nm per extracted carbon (CD/C: Color Density per extracted carbon). Its darkness was somewhat strengthened by heating after the extraction. Most of the decreased amount of humus extract at room temperature was recovered by the secondary extraction by heating of the residue of the room temperature extraction. Therefore, "the heating extract" was considered to be composed of the primaty extract at toom temperature and the secondary heating extract from the residue of the primary extraction. The latter humus fraction was considered to be extractable only with heating and lighter in color than the former. The secondary extract was contained abundantly (about 50% of "the heating extract") in the soils with weakly humified humus, while less in Ando solis with highly humified humus. This fraction greatly affected the properties of "the heating extract". Thus, the comparative differences between the optical properties of humus extracted at room temperature and under heating were not caused only by the alteration of the humus with heating but also by the extraction of the humus with different characteristics.

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International Forum on Soil Taxonomy

Hiroki IMAI

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 31-35
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_31

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 36-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_36

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 37-41
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_37

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 42-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_42_1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages 42-44
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_42_2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App5-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App5

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages App6-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_App6

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_Cover3

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1994 Volume 38 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
Published: June 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: June 30, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18920/pedologist.38.1_Cover4

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