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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
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K. KOHYAMA
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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
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Yuji MAEJIMA, Toshiaki OHKURA, Yoshinobu KUSUMOTO, Yusuke TAKATA
Article type: Article
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
2-16
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Characteristics and classification of 4 pedons on Mt.Mineoka were studied based on their physico-chemical properties and clay mineral compositions. The results are as follows: 1) Pedon Ka-1 derived from serpentine had Oi-Oe-A-Bw-BC-C horizon sequence. The subsurface horizon (Bw) was brown (10YR4/4) in color, very shallow, and had moderate subangular blocky structure. This horizon is not corresponded to cambic horizon. This soil is classified as Haplic Regosol (Unified Soil Classification System of Japan, 2nd Approximation (2002); USCSJ (2002)) or Typic Haplic Terrestrial Regosol (Comprehensive Soil Classification System of Japan, 1st Approximation (2011); CSCSJ (2011)). 2) Pedon Ka-2 on serpentine had A1-A2-2C horizon sequence. The surface horizon (A1 and A2) was dark brown or brown (7.5YR33 or 7.5YR4/3) in color, and the lithological discontinuity observed between A2 and 2C horizon. This soil is classified as Haplic Lithosol (USCSJ (2002)) or Typic Haplic Lithosol (CSCSJ (2011)). 3) Pedon Ka-3 derived from basalt had Oi-A-BC1-BC2-2Bw-2BC horizon sequence. The cambic horizon (2Bw) was dull reddish brown (5YR4/4) in color, and had weak subangular blocky structure. Soil reaction of 2Bw horizon was slightly acid (pH6.5), and the degree of base saturation at this horizon was higher than 50%. This Dark-red soil is classified as Eutric Haplic Brown Forest soil (USCSJ (2002)) or Haplic Eutric Dark Red soil (CSCSJ (2011)). 4) Pedon Ka-4 derived from basalt had Oi-A-BC1-BC2-2Bw1-2Bw2-2BC horizon sequence. The cambic horizons (2Bw1 and 2Bw2) were dark reddish brown (5YR3.5/6 or 5YR3/4) in color, and had weak subangular blocky structure. Soil reactions of 2Bw1 and 2Bw2 horizons were strongly acid (pH5.3-5.5), and the degrees of base saturation at these horizons were 39% and 55%, respectively. The ratio of exchangeable Ca/Mg ranged from 0.30 to 0.78 throughout the profile. From these characteristics, this Dark-red Magnesian soil is classified as Eutric Haplic Brown Forest soil (USCSJ (2002)) or Haplic Dystric Dark Red soil (CSCSJ (2011)). Consequently, we would like to propose to remove the limitation of the parent material as an improvement of USCSJ (2002). In addition, we would like to propose the new diagnostic properties that exchangeable Ca / Mg ratio is less than 1.0 throughout the soil profile and a new soil group as "Magnesian group" in the Dark Red soil great group of CSCSJ (2011).
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Hiroshi OBARA, Yuji MAEJIMA, Yusuke TAKADA, Toshiaki OHKURA, Ai LEON, ...
Article type: Article
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
17-29
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Characteristics and classification of 3 pedons in Tsukuba-Mirai city, Ibaraki prefecture were studied based on their morphological and physico-chemical properties. The results were as follows: Pedon A was located nearby natural levee of "Kokai" river, and alluvial materials were artificially piled up in upper 65cm of the profile. The profile of Pedon A showed anthraquic feature in plow layer and subsurface horizons. However dithionite-citrate extractable Fe (Fed) of accumulated horizon was not more than two times of surface horizon. So in Japanese recent classification systems, i.e. Unified Soil Classification System of Japan -2nd Approximation (2002)-(UnifiedSC2002) and Comprehensive Soil Classification System of Japan, First Approximation(2011) (CompSC2011), the iron accumulated horizon (Bgir) did not conform to the criteria of "Iron accumulation horizon". On the other hand the dithionite-citrate extractable Mn (Mnd) of the subsurface horizons was 4 times or more that of the surface horizon (one of criteria of "Hydragric horizon" of World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006 (WRB2006)). By the way, a plough pan of this profile did not have platy structure that is a equirement of Anthraquic horizon. Then Pedon A was classified as Aquic Brown lowland soil by UnifiedSC2002, Fine-textured Aquic Brown lowland soil by CompSC2011, and "Gleyic Fluvisols" by WRB2006. Pedon B and C are located at back marsh of natural levee. Pedon B showed rather week Fe and Mn accumulation in subsurface horizon and groundwater aquic features (Gleyic colour pattern (WRB)) from 20cm depth. The ratios of Fed and Mnd of surface and subsurface horizons did not conform to the criteria of "Iron accumulation horizon" and "Hydragric horizon". Then it was classified as Typic Gray alluvial soil by UnifiedSC2002, Fine-textured Gray Lowland soil by CompSC2011, and Gleyic Fluvisols by WRB2006. Pedon C did not show Fe and Mn accumulation in subsurface horizon and showed groundwater aquic features throughout the profile. It was classified as Gleyed Gray alluvial soil by UnifiedSC2002, Fine-textured Gleyed Gray Lowland soil by CompSC2011, and Gleyic Fluvisols by WRB2006.
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Tadashi TAKAHASHI, Yasuhito SHIRATO
Article type: Article
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
30-31
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Koji MINOURA
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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
32-43
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Hitoshi KANNO
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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
44-50
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Toyoaki ITO
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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
51-58
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Hisashi NASUKAWA
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2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
59-60
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Article type: Appendix
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
61-69
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Article type: Cover
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Index
2014 Volume 58 Issue 1 Pages
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