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Article type: Cover
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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K. TAMURA
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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Tetsuya ISHIDA, Teruo ISHIWATA, Kenji OOTSUKA, Katsuhisa NIWA
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
2-9
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In the converted uplands from paddy fields of heavy clayed soil and peaty soil, where same cultivation had been practiced and different type of drainage had been executed, wheat harvest yield and growth judged from aerial photographs are investigated in relation to the effects of drainage. 1. In the converted upland from heavy clayed paddy field with tube drainage, it is estimated that the effects of supplementary drainage on wheat growth surveyed by infra-red R aerial photographs and wheat yield were recognized. 2. In the converted upland from peaty paddy land, wheat growth surveyed by infra-red R aerial photographs and wheat yield on the field, around which open ditches to remove infiltrated water from neighboring paddy fields had not been executed, were less than that on the field where open ditch had been executed. The deterioration of poor drainage was improved by the excavation of open ditch around the field. Survey using infra-red R aerial photographs after two months of wheat sowing is suitable for the judging of wheat growth, and the technique is also fit to seize the effects of soil drainage and the area of poor drainage in the same cultivation practice field.
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Keiko MORI, Hitoshi SHINJO, Ayako KATO, Takashi KOSAKI
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
10-21
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Four soil classification systems (Soil Taxonomy, World Reference Base for soil resources, United Soil Classification Systems of Japan and Classification of Forest Soils in Japan) are compared and examined for appropriateness of fit in terms of soils properties and pedogenesis for five forest soils in Japan. The five profiles are BEECH, OAK, CEDAR from Miyazu and KYOTO and NOBEYAMA from the respective sites. The taxonomic names at the highest level disagreed for the three Miyazu profiles while they agreed as Inceptisol and its equivalents for KYOTO and Andisol and its equivalents for NOBEYAMA for the different classification systems. For the three Miyazu profiles studied, it is suggested that the OAK profile has the highest influence of volcanic material compared to the BEECH and CEDAR profiles. Soil Taxonomy has the strictest requirements for andic properties but this is alleviated at lower level and reflected in the taxonomic names for the BEECH and CEDAR profiles as intergrades. UCSJ classifies the three profiles all at the same level as Kuroboku soils, while WRB does not detect andic properties of the BEECH profile. The BEECH profile is suggested to have spodic properties and this is reflected in the highest level with Soil Taxonomy, while WRB, UCSJ and CFSJ somehow do not reflect such process to the taxonomic names. At the same time, some problems in reflecting spodic properties in taxonomic names as intergrades are pointed out for all the systems. When the five profiles are compared at the lower level, there are disagreements in the characteristics of the soil implied by taxonomic names between different classification systems. The importance of differentiation of allophanic and non-allophanic, or silandic and aluandic is felt comparatively neglected with Soil Taxonomy and WRB. Such distinction is related to important soil property and we consider it should not be neglected. Yellow Brown forest soil is unique to UCSJ and such category is not recognized in Soil Taxonomy and WRB although it has distinctive pedogenetic processes under warm climate.
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Alexandre Pereira dE BAKKER, Yoshihiro TOKASHIKI, Lal P. Vidhana ARACH ...
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
22-32
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This study was carried out to characterize clay minerals and elemental compositions between Fe/Mn nodules and their surrounding soils in Okinawa and Kume Islands, Japan, and find out reliable sources of their origin. Mineralogical composition of Fe/Mn nodules and surrounding soils was analyzed by the successive selective dissolution procedure (SSDP) combined with XRD technique. Their total elemental composition was carried out using the acid digestion system. Total elemental analysis of extracts were performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results explained that Mn minerals of lithiophorite (Lp) and birnessite (Bs) were concentrated only in nodules, while Fe and Al oxides and layer silicate minerals were contained in nodules as well as soils. Secondary mineral of smectite was observed in only one nodule sample and its corresponding soil sample. Concentrations of Ca, P, Mn, Ba, V, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu and Fe in many samples were higher in the nodules than in the surrounding soils, while Ba concentration was unexpectedly higher in nodule samples. Concentrations of Mg, Al, Cr and K were higher in the surrounding soils. Although some nodules had higher concentration of Sr and Na than the surrounding soils, there was no discernible trend towards higher concentration in the nodules. The results suggested that there was a tendency for Mn nodules to concentrate most of Mn minerals and trace elements together with Mn and Ba. Moreover, Fe/Mn nodules in Okinawa and Kume Islands have a close relationship with sea floor activities and "Shimajiri mahji" in the surrounding environment of nodules which could be formulated after upheaval of marine sediments.
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Nobuhiko MATSUYAMA, Masahiko SAIGUSA, Keiichi KUDO
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
33-37
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Distributions of weakly acidic and strongly acidic soils in non-Andosols of Japan was shown using the data of exchange acidity y_1, which appeared in the soil survey reports on reclaimed land. The soils having less than 15 gP_2O_5 kg^<-1> of phosphate absorption coefficient were regarded as non-Andosols from the data of Hikazanseido, and soil profiles of 2876 non-Andosols were divided into two groups by exchange acidity y_1: exchange acidity y_1 < 6 for weakly acidic soil and exchange acidity y_1 ≧ 6 for strongly acidic soil. The weakly acidic soil occupied 24% of the total soil profiles and scattered in Japan. On the other hand, the strongly acidic soil occupied 76% of the total soil profiles and distributed in northern part of Hokkaido District, central part of Tohoku District, a part of Hokuriku District, a part of Chubu District, a part of Kinki District, Chugoku District, Shikoku District, and northern part of Kyushu District. These results suggested that the distribution of strongly acidic non-Andosols roughly corresponds to the distribution of non-allophanic Andosols.
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Renzo KONDO
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
38-51
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Shinya FUNAKAWA, Takashi KOSAKI
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
52-66
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
67-71
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Article type: Bibliography
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2005 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages
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