International Journal of Human Culture Studies
Online ISSN : 2187-1930
ISSN-L : 2187-1930
Volume 2017, Issue 27
Displaying 1-50 of 55 articles from this issue
Original Paper
  • Study of the bodice
    Masako Dohi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 26-32
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: May 12, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The aim of this research is to model the three-dimensional shape of clothes worn for easy customization of ready-made clothes. We investigated the method for modeling bodice parts of clothes worn as a first step. The three-dimensional human body shape data of 55 Japanese adult women (22-55 years old) were analyzed. The data of the trunk from neckline to waistline was chosen from three-dimensional human body shape data, and convex hulls of these data were generated. A homology model of the convex hulls was generated based on landmarks. A bodice model was generated by the homology model of the convex hulls converted into bilaterally symmetrical shapes. As a result of analyzing 55 bodice models by principal component analysis, the characteristics of bodice shapes were explained using five factors: slender or stocky build; body thickness; shoulder slope and posture (sloping shoulders with stooped body vs. square shoulders with backward-inclined body); breast size and the inclination from a bust line to a waist line; and positional relationship between the humerus head to the trunk. These are important factors for fitting of clothes. The result shows that we can model the bodice part of clothes worn by adjusting the mesh of the bodice model to the grainline of fabric.

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  • ―A comparative study of the boxing exercise and yoga exercise―
    Yohko Hayakawa, Kei Okuma, Yuko Takahashi, Maika Utsumi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 39-46
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: May 30, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Objective of this study was to clarify acute influence of boxing exercise (BE) and Yoga on psychological state in middle aged women. The subjects were 40 middle aged women (20 in each program) who voluntarily participated in either class of BE program or Yoga program provided in local community. Psychological state was assessed using Profile of Mood States (POMS), composed of 6 subscales (Tension-Anxiety, Depression-Dejection, Anger-Hostility, Vigor, Fatigue, Confusion), before and after the class. The acute influence on the mood of each exercise program was examined by within group comparison of change using Wilcoxon test. Difference of change in the mood between the groups was examined by analysis of covariance using the change in the mood from before to after the class for the objective variable, groups for explanatory variable, and a value of mood before the class, age, and BMI for adjusting variables. As a result, the BE group showed significant positive within-group differences in the subscale of “Tension-Anxiety” and “Depression”. The Yoga group showed significant positive changes in “Tension-Anxiety”, “Depression”, “Anger-Hostility”, “Vigor”, and “Confusion”. The significant difference of change in the mood between the groups was observed in the subscale of “Anger-Hostility”, which showed negative change in the BE group and positive change in the Yoga group. These results showed that the BE and Yoga programs, composed of different mode (dynamic or static) of exercise, brought an acute changes in the mood in the middle-aged women, but that the pattern of the change in profile of the mood was different by the mode and intensity of the exercise program.

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  • Ayame Tatei
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 319-336
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    In recent years, more and more scholars conduct research on Deaf culture representing hearing handicapped people “Deaf”, a linguistic minority. However, scholars have studied Deaf culture in developing countries based on a medical model persistently. This research aims to demonstrate how Deaf culture is expressed among deaf students at Indian schools while education for the hearing handicapped is changing day by day.
    I conducted fieldwork in Delhi and Darjeeling through the method of participant observation. I selected the schools for this investigation where hearing handicapped students had registered. I basically observed the interaction between teachers and students in those schools, and had interview with them if needed.
    I observed specific characteristics between hearings and deaf and extracted some unique features among deaf students, which were represented as “Deaf culture”. Through the fieldwork I found those three profiles as below.
    (1) A situation where a limited number of hearing teachers dominated a large number of deaf students,
    (2) An interaction between teachers and students,
    (3) The play world which deaf students created.
    I could not find any interaction among deaf students under a strict oral method education. Moreover, it was found that adults who had an oral method education throughout their youth did not belong to any particular communities.
    I also found that an oral method dominated many schools. It was similar with the scenes of Colonialism that the hearing people extended domination over Deaf through an ideology which held power in relationships rather than by dominating them directly. Moreover, it was hard to develop an interaction among deaf students under Audism, and they didn’t belong to a particular community after they became adults. It is important that deaf students find a particular community to belong in early stages. At the same time, we should appreciate that deaf people have a great diversity which is not tied to a conventional concept of “Deaf” so that we could perceive deaf culture at a new point of view.
    This research did not have enough interview data with Deaf since I did not have enough time to do research and had difficulties with speaking local languages as well as Indian sign language. Long term research based on interview method in local languages should be conducted.

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  • Genki Inoue, Tamio Kawano
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 559-573
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: October 20, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    We studied biomarkers (hydrocarbons, fatty acids and sterols) in foam substances from the Chikugo River system in the Hita City area, Oita Prefecture to elucidate their source organisms and materials. Normal-alkanes with a predominance of odd-carbon numbers were found together with unidentified branched alkanes and unresolved complex mixture of hydrocarbons (UCMH), and with small amount of isoprenoid alkanes. Abundance of short-chain n-alkanoic acids (C12-C19) and cholesterol were found, along with the small amounts of long-chain n-alkanoic adids (C20-C30) and branched acids (iso- and anteiso-C13-C17). Biomarkers in foam substances are, therefore, mainly derived from microalgae and cyanobacteria with small amounts of vascular plants and eubacteria. The occurrence of UCMH as well as epimerized triterpanes and steranes strongly suggest the contribution of petroleum products from automobiles and road runoff including asphalts in the Chikugo River basin. Branched alkanes may be derived from insects such as Chironomidae. These organic components are important in the formation of foam substances in the Chikugo River system of the Hita City area.

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  • Takayoshi Furuichi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 574-591
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    The purpose of this study is clarify whether a change of the record in consciousness and the practice to the record of the care worker appeared by performing the study session of the care record of the care record in a elderly nursing home. A study session hold by a researcher and performed a study session and performed the hearing investigation into about the purpose of care record by the semistructured interview before and after a study session. As for the contents considered as a purpose of the care record, seven categories that the care staff of record ≪information sharing≫ ≪improvement of caring≫ ≪risk management≫ ≪as the responsibility for the family≫ ≪information≫ ≪collaboration≫ ≪recorded as obligation≫ though about as a purpose of the records were extracted from the hearing investigation in front of the study session. Based on the hearing investigation in front of the study session, how to write care record, the significance of the SOAP record, purpose of the care record. A category was extraction about ≪part of work≫ ≪information sharing≫ ≪risk management≫ ≪cooperation≫ ≪how to take advantage of change≫ in the hearing investigation that I went for after a study session. In ≪information sharing≫ ≪risk management≫ ≪cooperation≫, the change of the big consciousness changed was not seen but thinks that a change of the consciousness ≪recorded as obligation≫ ≪part of the work≫ ≪how to take advantage of change≫ for change of consciousness for care workers. I think that improvement of the quality of the care change the awareness about care work through the study session about how to record.

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  • ―For an elementary school teacher, and analyze a given result.―
    Masayuki Ishii, Miki Tukamoto
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 592-602
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    In the elementary school science class, I develop the learning that adopted the process of the solution to the problem now. In this learning process, I will walk a process called "the consideration" in a process leading the conclusion for the problem. The instruction in the process of this "consideration" becomes vague, and it is lectured on to even a teacher not to mention a child what is not performed with an idea of clear instruction. Therefore I clarified I arrested you, and how the elementary school teacher instructed "consideration" in the learning of the elementary school science some other time. Therefore I developed a question paper for teachers and investigated it. As a result, what does the teacher of the elementary school instruct in a consideration scene? Is the teacher going to let a child think about what in a consideration scene? As for the teacher, the above-mentioned thing that I did not include a clear thought in about two points became clear. Based on the actual situation of this teacher, I want to examine the way of the instruction of the "consideration" scene in the science learning of the elementary school in future.

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  • ―The contributions of Okakura Tenshin, Nagao Uzan and Wu Changshuo―
    Shigeki Matsumura
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 603-609
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Wu Changshuo’s “Yu-Gu-Wei-Tu与古為徒” Chinese Plaque, on the wall in the area of Oriental arts collection in Museum of Fine Arts (MFA), Boston, have been thought Okakura Tenshin, who was the head of Chinese and Japanese arts collection of the museum, had asked Wu Changshuo to make it. However, in fact, Nagao Uzan (he was a Okakura’s friend and Sinologist who lived in Shanghai,) asked Wu Changshuo as his neighbor to write, and put it in a Black Lacquer. Then, he sent it to Okakura in Boston. Since Nagao was asked to be an advisory staff at MFA by Okakura at that time, he sent the plaque as an inaugural gift, I think. Okaura’s contributions at MFA have been highly regarded, but nobody have mentioned there was cooperation by a scholar named Nagao, who had a relationship with Wu Changshuo and inherited the orthodox of Sinology. The purpose of this report is analyzing his works and finding out the signification of the cultural exchange between Japan, China, and the US, which have achieved success in modern times.

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Brief communication
  • Haruka Kudo, Chiemi Yamanaka, Seiichiro Aoe
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 140-145
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: June 10, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Recent interest was forced on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) related to the metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of NAFLD in Japan is increasing and estimated as about 30%. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) has been reported to promote skeletal muscle synthesis, and suppressive effects of organ lipid accumulation has been also reported. The aim of this study is to estimate the effects of BCAA on the liver lipid accumulation and proinflammation in diet-induce obesity mice. Five-week old male C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet (50 energy % by lard) and test diet containing 20% casein (CO as control), 12% leucine and 5% valine mixture (LV) for 12 weeks. Liver triglyceride accumulation was significantly decreased in the LV group. Significant differences between CO and LV group were not observed in mRNA expression of TNF-alpha and a subunit of the NADPH oxidase enzyme, which is proinflammatory markers, and lipid metabolism-related enzymes were not observed. Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACOX) activity was significantly higher in the LV group compared with the CO group, whereas the activity of FAS was not significantly different. These results suggest that leucine and valine suppresses liver lipid accumulation through the activate in of the ACOX.

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  • Atsuko Shimoda, Seiji Ohsawa
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 610-620
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    Some Kayan women (a subgroup of the Karen People with Kayan as their native language), living in the most remote parts of Myanmar, continue the tradition of wearing very long and heavy brass coil neck rings throughout their lives. 10.6% of the female population wear neck rings in eastern Myanmar’s Kayah State, Demoso Township (T village, S village, R village, P village), where many Kayan people live (Shimoda, 2015). However, there is no clear or accepted explanation for this rare custom, and with the rapid changes to lifestyle due to modernization, this tradition is steadily disappearing. “Why do people ornament themselves even though it is painful?” “Why do people modify their body to make themselves beautiful?”- this research investigates these questions using principal component analysis on the results of an oral survey regarding the visual appeal of neck ring wear, dividing the region’s people into three groups: ‘neck ring-wearing women’, ‘non-wearing women’, and ‘Kayan men’. The results showed two things clearly. 1) Neck ring-wearing women are approve strongly of their own body modification and think it beautiful. 2) Neck ring-wearing women feel the neck rings are burdensome objects. They consider the rings to be heavy or uncomfortable.

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  • Atsuko Shimoda, Seiji Ohsawa
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 638-644
    Published: 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: December 15, 2017
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

    There are Kayan people in four villages near the Thai border of Myanmar's remote Kaya State. The custom of Kayan women of wearing neck rings persists here.

    They go through their daily life wearing long rings weighing as much as 3 kg for their entire lives. To the outside world, this is a very strange custom. Why do they wear neck rings? What does it mean to them? To answer these questions, we used Semantic Differential Method (SD Method) on 30 pairs of contrasting words describing different perceptions of the neck rings. We interviewed and compared results from three groups: women who wear or have worn neck rings (A group), women with no experience wearing neck rings (B group), and men (C group). Our results show that wearers are proud of their neck rings, seeing them as a beautiful and preferable ornamentation and extension of her body.

    Culture is very relative. We can interpret that this ‘strange’ custom of the Kayan women is not strange to themselves, but a part of creating a beautiful body through ornamentation.

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Report
  • ― Consisted of two shorter stories as “Ikyou-houmon-tan” ―
    Noriaki Ohgita
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 1-13
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The structure analysis of “Ponyo on the Cliff by the Sea” as an animation work produced by Studio Ghibli was discussed in this paper. According to the inspection of this report, the structure of the story was consisted of two shorter stories as “Ikyou-houmon-tan”.

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  • Iyuki Namekata, Atsuko Kanazawa, Shogo Hamaguchi, Hikaru Tanaka, Naoko ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 14-19
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     Mitochondrial function is the key factor in the regulation of energy metabolism and is closely related to the generation and prevention of lifestyle-related diseases. We established a method to observe the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore using fluorescence microscopy and permeabilized cardiomyocyte-derived H9c2 cells. After calcein loading and permeabilization of the cell membrane with digitonin, the cellular calcein fluorescence coincided with that of the mitochondrial fluorescent probe tetramethylrhodamine methylester. Elevation of extracellular Ca2+ concentration, which was accompanied by an increase in intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentration, induced a decrease in calcein fluorescence intensity. This decrease was inhibited by cyclosporine A, an inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Further, the decrease was inhibited by ruthenium red, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial uniporter, and enhanced by diltiazem, which inhibits the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. The present imaging method would be useful for further studies on the regulation of mitochondrial function under physiological and various pathological conditions related to lifestyle-related diseases.

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  • - Towards the realization of higher education with an emphasis on individuality -
    Hiroyuki Kawai
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 20-25
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The educational administration in Japan is carried out under the principle of respecting the dignity of individual. However, it is also true that there is a current situation of being unpleasant in education due to decline in birthrate and decline in academic standards and motivation of university students. This paper is to clarify the circumstances of the background and to raise a problem of the crisis of learning of students due to the fact that the environment is changed to a university from a high school. Then, this paper is to organize the previous researches from the point of view of remedial education and first-year education and to clarify the issues that have not yet been studied.

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  • Comparison between main dog carer and non pet owner
    Yohko Hayakawa, Takashi Arao
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 47-56
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     To investigate the association of the ownership of dog with health status, health-related QOL (SF-36), lifestyles (exercise habits, dietary habits, drinking, smoking), educational background, and family member were assessed for the main feeder of the dog and the non-breeders of the pet through internet. In addition, the breeding situation of the dog was examined for the main feeder of the dog. Each component summary score of SF-36 was examined between the main feeder of the dog and the non-breeders of the pet using 3different analytical models; model Ⅰ : non-adjusted U test, model Ⅱ : analysis of covariate adjusted for age and sex, model Ⅲ: analysis of covariate adjusted for age, sex, lifestyles, educational background, and family member. As the results, the main feeder of the dog showed significantly higher summary score of physical and role/social components than the non-breeders of the pet in every analytical model. This fact seemed to be due to the increased physical activity in daily life by walking with the dog. The summary score of mental component, however, was significantly higher in the non-breeders of the pet than that in the main feeder of the dog in model Ⅰ and Ⅱ, but not in model Ⅲ. These results suggested that the main feeder of the dog is in better health physically and socially due to daily dog walking.

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  • ―The necessity of technical guidance for hairdressing instructors―
    Seiji Kawano, Kimiko Yui, Keiko Endo, Hiromi Kato, Rumi Akita, Cho Chi ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 57-62
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     Currently, the focus of the hairdressing industry is quality, and the highest priority is customer satisfaction with the need to provide the highest levels of technical skill and hospitality. Also, because the hairdressing industry, a service industry, is based on personal interactions, education has become a vital issue for the improvement of the industry’s quality. I believe that it is necessary to continually develop high quality education where hairdressing training takes place. My studies have been on the necessary means for this continuation.

     Of the expected abilities of educators in hairdressing training, the ability to provide instruction and to evaluate education is important. The educator must be able to judge the effectiveness of the education and instruction quickly, to determine how a given learner should be instructed, and to put in place appropriate education and instruction.

     To this end, how to evaluate the motivation, attitude, and ability of inexperienced or unskilled learners for technical mastery is important. From such evaluations, it will be possible to encourage the learner’s self-development to cultivate adaptability and creativity. But based on data analysis from technical evaluations, it will also be important to give clear instruction regarding the next learning goal for each learner and to create opportunities to improve motivation for learning. Based on this viewpoint, I developed an original technical evaluation system. The next step will be to improve this system.

     The transfer of hairdressing skills and techniques is essentially through hand labor. As times change and the environment of the hairdressing industry changes dramatically, it is necessary for educators to work actively on adaptable hairdressing education and instruction that can respond to the changes in character and temperament of learners born and raised in the times. For this, instructing methods also need to evolve continually. Finally, I studied the necessity of technical guidelines for hairdressing education and hairdressing work. From this study, I plan to continue this work with the expectation that a new way of instruction will emerge.

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  • ― On the psychological interaction between the “Teaching side” and “Learning side” in the teaching methodology of hairdressing techniques ―
    Seiji Kawano, Ayami Kuroda
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 63-74
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     To establish a teaching methodology for hairdressing techniques and to improve training for hairdressers, I studied the psychological interaction between the "teaching side" and the "learning side". Firstly, I looked at evaluation ability, one of the skills of the essential teaching quality of leadership, and considered it from both the teaching side and the learning side. Secondly, I divided the learning side into three levels according to winding ability and asked each about the psychological demands placed on them and about the teaching methodology. Finally, I considered the need for students to study psychological interactions before entering the hairdressing industry.

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  • ― Suggestion of handmade ―
    Miho Kirihara, Chie Shimosaka
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 75-85
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The purpose of this research is to suggest the way of education of home economics in welfare field.

     Based on the questionnaire on 'handmade' conducted in 2005, we considered the content of lesson in welfare field. As a result, students were able to obtain results such as using the educational toys produced in class at the training place.

     A questionnaire survey was conducted to reveal the consciousness and mastery method on the cooking technology of young women in 2015. Subjects were 55 women’s college students. The results of analysis showed that women`s college students wanted to know the basic knowledge of the cooking technology, and they have the consciousness that they could like to cook by themselves.

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  • Seiji Kawano
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 86-89
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     What are the expected capabilities of beauty skill educators?

     I will discuss this question in light of my experience at a beauty salon and at an educational institution.

     It is very important for beauty skill educators to be able to evaluate the education and guidance they provide to students. At any stage, if they cannot determine how effective or ineffective it is, they cannot provide the next stage of progress. At each stage, the educators must be able to make the evaluations immediately for each student, determine the succeeding tasks, and provide the appropriate education and guidance.

     Such ability is dependent on how much experience is accumulated from locations of practical training. On the other hand, from an objective point of view, accumulating specific information from the practical training will enable concrete assessments of effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the education and guidance.

     First, I will consider education and guidance that effectively improves student evaluations and performance.

     For this, evaluating criteria for judging the effectiveness has become an important point. The evaluation criteria must be supported from a scientific basis. To do so, it is necessary within the possibilities bounded by limitations to continuously assess by numbers. Educators must then be able to clearly explain the reasons indicated by the numbers and to clarify the goals of the students. These capabilities must be enhanced. Those in charge of beauty skill education can fulfill their responsibility by having responsibility for “the effect of education and guidance.”

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  • ―The present situation, problems and solutions―
    Seiji Kawano
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 90-93
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     Good instruction is the shared hope of both faculty and staff. In reality, however, it is not always the case. Just what to do to facilitate good instruction is often not clear. Most importantly, students wait in anticipation for good instruction.

     In this paper, I will discuss how good instruction can be provided and also what good guidance is said to be.

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  • ― Skill succession for keeping on learning throughout life ―
    Miho Kirihara, Chie Shimosaka
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 94-104
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     In this report, we propose educational contents necessary for home economics education and aimed motivation of learning to make lifelong handmade.

     The students improved their skill of clothing making through classes, produced their works by themselves, and applied them to Welfare field. This also led them to confidence to make works again. In the cooking of everyday meals, I examined cuisine devised so that eaters can easily eat. As a result, the students enjoyed making cooking, and there is an opinion that they want to cook in the future, and the result of continuing learning has been obtained.

     In this way, it is said that home economics education like “Otsuma” in Welfare field is an indispensable subject for students learning the lifelong continuing skills and entering society.

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  • Shigeru Ikuta, Ryoichi Ishitobi, Kota Tagami, Fumio Nemoto, Satsuki Ya ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 105-120
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     School activities with Paper Application developed Ricoh Japan were conducted at five general schools, six special needs schools, one nursery, and one after-school kids-club; paper aquarium and paper racer were used there. The pictures drawn by students were first scanned and projected onto a large screen with a projector. The motions of the scanned images like fishes and cars were automatically changed after the analyses of their shapes and colors. These two applications were used at students’ work-and-piece festival, school festival, lessons, and breaks at such 13 schools. Paper aquarium was used as an aquarium itself, but more wonderful uses like the background images for the students’ work-and-piece festival and the scenery of the classes’ plays at the school festival were produced. All the students enjoyed Paper Application very much in competition and cooperation with each other through finding a way to look for suitable shapes and colors of their pictures. The students with disabilities could also tackle with both the applications with joy. The students who were weak in drawing the pictures could take part in such activities nicely with a positive attitude and really enjoy the class activities, since in the applications the movements and speeds were not connected with the pictures drawn as being good and bad. At several schools, the activities were conducted at the arts and crafts classes and classes’ plays at the school festival; these deeply stimulated the teachers into courage to use Paper Application at the school.

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  • Focusing on the part of the four seasons and the part of love
    Yoshio Kashiwagi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 121-133
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     First, this paper points out the originality of the ending of the section of spring in “Kyuan Hyakushu” by Sutokuin. Secondly, it explores the characteristic elements of his waka in the section of the four seasons. Those are the following: three elements from the aspect of “terminology and means of waka” and five elements from the aspect of Sutokuin’s concerns in the creation of waka. The latter elements appear to show the world of Sutokuin’s mind, where they interact with each other. Thirdly, it points out that in the section of love Sutokuin added love poems based on the knowledge of waka and kanshi (Chinese poetry) to the composition describing the process of love. In the section of love we can notice selfishness, which is not found in common love poems, aggressiveness and solitude behind servility. This paper also indicates how a waka that depicted the last process of love was revised by Fujiwara Shunzei and included in “Hyakunin Isshu.”

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  • Takeshi Hongo, Yasuo Yoneyama, Katunori Nagai, Takenori Motomura, Tosi ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 134-139
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The purpose of this research is to propose what qualities and abilities are desired to be formed by learning the common subject "Information" of senior high school. We assert that " informational perspectives and ways of thinking " is the goal of the information. We call "viewpoint and way of thinking to grasp various phenomena by mediating information " as an informational perspectives and ways of thinking. " informational perspectives and ways of thinking " consists of epistemology scientific aspects and design scientific aspects.We set 10 core concepts in their substructure.

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  • Shigeru Ikuta, Ryoichi Ishitobi, Fumio Nemoto, Satsuki Yamashita, Jink ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 156-204
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The present author has been creating handmade original teahing materials with Information Communication Technologies (ICT) and conducting activities at special needs and general schools in collaboration with teachers. Over 150 schoolteachers now join the present research project that was started 10 years ago by one of the present authors (S. I.) at the Education Bureau of the Laboratory Schools, University Tsukuba. The key ICT technologies used are (i)dot codes that can handle multimedia like audios and movies, (ii)EPUB3 e-books with Media Overlays, and (iii)Augmented Reality. Each student grows with different learning hitstory and has own needs and desires; individually handmade original teaching material is inevitable to support his/her learning and activity in the class. Recent status of three new software, GM Authoring Tool, Sound Linker, and File Linker, developed by Gridmark in collaboration with the present project will be overviewed. Various activities performed at special needs and general schools are presented, where the schoolteachers sticking close to each student with disabilities created their own contents. The present activities are especially useful for the schoolteachers who want to tackle the problems in their classes under the guiding principle of The Disabled Persons Protection and Walfare Act and Reasonable Acommodation.

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  • ―A travelogue by a Native Hawaiian visitor to Japan in the late nineteenth century―
    Toshiaki Furukawa
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 205-209
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     As part of a larger, ongoing study on Hawaiian language newspapers, this report describes a travelogue written by David Keaweamahi, a Native Hawaiian who visited Japan in the late nineteenth century. Keaweamahi’s travelogue was published in Hawaiian language newspapers as a series of articles under the headline, “He Leta Mai Iapana Mai” (A Letter from Japan). A preliminary analysis of these articles has revealed interesting aspects of the flow of people from Hawai‘i to Japan in the late nineteenth century, which has been much less researched than immigration from Japan to Hawai‘i in the same period.

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  • ―Current challenges and future issues of student planned menus―
    Miyoko Hasumi, Hisako Kamata, Rieko Aikawa
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 213-220
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     To identify current challenges and to review the educational curriculum for improving menu planning ability of students, we analyzed 459 menus submitted as part of menu planning assignments for both “Food Service Management Practice I” (mid-July 2012) and “Food Service Management Practice II” (mid-January 2013) classes, by 157 female first-year students from a dietitian training course. The analysis focused on nutrient content and weight by food group.

     The mean caloric content was very close to the target nutrient content, almost exactly the adequate value, and 83.0% of the menus were within ±10% of the target nutrient content. The mean calcium content was higher than the target nutrient content, and 13.1% of the menus were 50% above the target nutrient content for calcium. The mean iron content was higher than the target nutrient content, and 27.7% of the menus were 50% above the target nutrient content for iron. The mean dietary fiber content was higher than the target nutrient content, and 11.1% of menus were 50% above the target nutrient content for dietary fiber. Thirty percent of menus were within ±10% of the target nutrient content for a sodium chloride equivalent, and 70% of menus were not tailored to meet the target nutrient content.

     Menus that were 50% above the target nutrient content for calcium, iron, and dietary fiber, exceeded the proper amount of food required to prepare one serving. Food items that elevated calcium content were “sesame seeds”, “dried hijiki algae” and “dried pre-cut wakame seaweed. Food items that elevated iron content were “dried hijiki algae”, “spinach” and “Japanese littleneck clam”. Food items that elevated dietary fiber were “dried hijiki algae”, “dried shiitake mushrooms” and “dried pre-cut wakame seaweed”.

     This study highlighted the need to raise awareness of the following issues in order to improve menu planning ability: i) an adequate serving size per person; ii) weight per food item; iii) different types of food items rich in calcium, iron and dietary fiber; iv) weight of dried and powdered food items; v) rehydration ratio of dried food; and vi) proper seasoning proportion for a dish.

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  • ―Discovering it’s historical background―
    Maremi Abe
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 221-234
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Ogano Kabuki, a folk style of kabuki originating over 200 years ago in the village of Ogano in the Chichibu region of Saitama, opens with the Japanese traditional dance called, Sanbasou. This dance is thought to have adopted the basic ‘kata’ forms by Yamatoza, the performing group founded by Otowaya Bando Hikogoro III in the Meiji Period. Yamatoza enthusiastically taught Sanbasou dance to local people whenever they held village festivals. Today, however, the performing style of Sanbasou varies among the many regional group who perform it in Ogano Kabuki. In this paper, the author examines the historical background and the current performing styles of Sanbasou in Ogano Kabuki, as well as the strong connection between Yamatoza and Sanbasou, which she discovered from her research and visits to regions of Chichibu.

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  • ― Collaboration with foreign colleagues ―
    Shigeru Ikuta
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 235-244
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Under the convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, careful and warmhearted supports corresponding to each individual difficulty are desirable especially at school education. The present author has been creating handmade original teaching materials with Information Communication Technologies (ICT) like dot codes that can handle multimedia, EPUB3 e-books with Media Overlays, and Augmented reality, and conducting various school activities in collaboration with teachers. In the present paper, the collaborations with foreign schoolteachers and researchers are described. Otsuma Women’s University has invited a kindergarten teacher (Mrs. Mai Tamimi) of Sultan’s School, Oman, and the state-of-the-art know-how to create handmade original teaching materials was passed to her. In September 2016, the present author visited Professor Jin Ye, East China Normal University, China, and in the middle of March in 2017 also visited Professor Paek Hwa Moon, Busan Women’s College and Professor Young-Han Kim, College of Education, Daegu University, Korea, where he gave invited talks and hands-on seminars to pass his know-how to the faculty staffs and students at their universities. These visits promoted collaborative research works in developing handmade original teaching materials for the children with the handicapped. The present author now hopes that mutual exchange programs for students and faculty staffs will result from the present collaborative research works with these foreign universities and schools.

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  • ― Characteristic of the Miyazaki’s works ―
    Noriaki Ohgita
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 251-258
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     A contrast structure was found in a short animation movie “On Your Mark” as Hayao Miyazaki’s work. It is popular in much of his work. The contrast structure was configured by six pair-systems of elements in the story of “On Your Mark”. In generally, it was configured by 3~6 pair-systems in another Miyazaki’s movies. Therefore, two hypotheses about the reason that the fact indicates were shown in this paper.

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  • - Developing fundamental competencies for working persons by psychology education -
    Masayuki Nishikawa, Kaoru Yashiro, Atsuko Mukai, Masaaki Furuta, Nanak ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 259-268
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     This is the fourth report from the study of building up the new teaching seminar in Career Psychology.Starting from our act on the Faculty Development in 2009, we decided to add a new teaching programme, “Seminar of Career Psychology”, to the curriculum. The research on how we design and structure this seminar has been conducted under the competitive research funds of Otsuma Women’s University since 2012. In this report, we may illustrate the first run of the seminar in detail, which was provided to the junior students in the last half of the school year of 2015.

     This fifteen-week seminar consists of three parts: The first part is designed for the students to become aware of their own career development. In the second part, students start to learn some business manners and the whole picture of the business world for preparing to perform as a member of society. In the last part, students are encouraged to plan the interview with the graduates. All findings from the interviews would be shared in the class by giving presentations as a part of the course work.

     Throughout the whole programme of 2015, students were provided some opportunities to consider and develop their own career. At the end of the seminar, all students were given home-work assignments to make their own “life-long career plan”. However. these ideas would be shared with all members of the seminar as a booklet.

     According to the discussion, it has been clarified that the significance of this seminar was helpful in the way to support the identity formation of the student.

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  • ― The Development of the " region revitalization network that Haiboshi connects" in 2016 fiscal year ―
    Tsuyoshi Hoshikawa
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 270-285
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     In this paper, by taking up "Regional Revitalization Network of Haiboshi (specialty products of fish or meat that is deodorized, dried and matured by volcanic ash and refrigerator)" developed between Kesennuma City, Minami Sanriku-cho Town, Kuchinoerabujima Island,Miyakonojo City, Takaharu Town and Minamiaso Village as a case,we will clarify the actual situation and problems of regional collaboration digital networking (regional revitalization efforts that people utilize digital media to collaborate in disaster-affected areas and disadvantaged areas) through on-site survey, analysis and discussion of literature and materials.

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  • Additional education and teacher education
    Shuichi Morioka
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 286-295
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     The article considers the issues of educational reforming, formation of the continuous professional development and teacher growth system, condition and development of the additional education system from the experience of the federal state autonomous educational institution of additional professional education.

     The aim of this paper is analyzing various approaches to understanding of the quality assessment of professional development in education; describing the process of development system and quality management system in the institutions of the additional professional education; presenting the main processes of the system. In the article the author actualizes the priority system of qualification increasing of pedagogical workers in the implementation of the system of continuous pedagogical education.

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  • ―From the viewpoint of studies of Japanese literature―
    Noritsugu Gomibuchi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 299-308
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     After Great East Japan Earthquake and TEPCO’s Fukushima No.1 Nuclear Power plant accident, some scholars of Japanese literature began to revaluate “Genbaku Literature”, works based on the Atomic-Bomb event in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. However, it has not been examined how people describe and represent "Fukushima" in detail. Many victims suffering even now, but The Japanese government want to make national narrative of reconstruction toward 2020 Tokyo Olympic games. In this study, I discussed about how preserve for cultural heritage and historical documents, and how succeed the memories of regional activities before/after 3.11 in Hama-dori area of Fukushima prefecture.

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  • ―A case study of consultation through RDI ―
    Yuko Takahashi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 309-315
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     The purpose of this paper is to clarify the importance of nurture support for a mother who has a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through Relationship Development Intervention (RDI). The participant was a mother whose child was a 6-year-old boy. The modification process of nurture support was analyzed by her reflections and comments from consultant. The results were as follows: 1) The mother’s negative reflections decreased in number, conversely the challenges she faced in interacting with her son increased instead. 2) Through the consultation process, she focused on the relationship with her son more than his skills in her reflections. According to the above case study, the author focused on the utilization of video clips to notice small changing moments in communication between mother and child. This report highlighted two points: the importance of the mother’s awareness of relatedness with her child and support based on a viewpoint of family system.

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  • Chinatsu Takeda
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 316-318
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Historians take for granted the view that Mme de Staël's opinion on public opinion followed that of her father, Jacques Necker. In this report, I place emphasis on the difference between them. I insist that following the salon tradition derived from early modern France, Mme de Staël placed women at the heart of her image of public opinion, so that it differs from her father’s view of public opinion that reflects the position of the finance minister.

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  • ―How to visualize their memories in Singapore―
    Tomoyuki Kidono
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 337-342
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     We can easily find the Civilian War Memorial in Singapore city center. The Japanese army occupied Singapore, massacred hostile 50,000 Chinese during World War II. The systematic purge usually called Sook Ching or Mass Screening. In 1962, remains belonging to the victims of the Sook Ching were unearthed. In 1967, the Civilian War Memorial was built in memory of all the civilians killed during the Japanese occupation of Singapore. Following the rise of protest campaign by Singapore citizens, Japan signed a quasi-reparation agreement with Singapore in the same year, but it did not officially acknowledge war responsibility. The Civilian War Memorial is a symbol of the multi ethnic state Singapore, Japan still can’t understand it correctly nor face it directly.

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  • Seiichiro Aoe
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 343-348
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Standard bacterial strains for microbiota analysis were obtained and standard curves were calculated by quantitative PCR. Standard curves of Bacteroides fragilis group, Prevotella genus, Eubacterium genus, Clostridium coccoides group, Clostridium leptum subgroup, Lactobacillus genus, Bifidobacterium genus,Atopobium cluster genus were prepared successfully. Cecal microbiota and short chain fatty acid production were analyzed in mice fed high fat diet containing three different types of barley cultivars with different ß-glucan contents. The effect of intestinal regulating function which increases the population of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was same among three different types of barley cultivars. Increase in propionate production was observed in one type of barley cultivar. Two types of barley cultivars also decreased the population of Clostridium coccoides group which promotes in intestinal pro-inflammation. These results indicated that these changes were related to the beneficial effects of barley on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

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  • ―From the attempt of the supervisor training―
    Makiko Tanno
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 349-356
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     In this research, thinking about the improvement of care manager's consultation interview power is a purpose. The ideal way with a preferable training is considered. The method of the training of the supervisor is considered. The review was done in 2016. The general view was described about the training of the care manager and the chief care manager. An increase in the training of the care manager was confirmed. The induction hour increased in 87 hours for 33 o'clock. The content of the consultation interview was examined closely from the content. The supervision that used the case study committee of awareness was executed. The content of the interview from the participant was brought together. As for training, the frequency is a little. Future tasks are the materialization of the content of training. It is important that the participant deepen the understanding of the supervision. It reports on the situation of the elderly obtained because of the Australia inspection. Situation of parents' of Japanese in Australia summoning. It reported on the situation of the aging Japanese in Australia. There is a necessity the care manager idea of the support of the senior citizen who lives in the foreign country.

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  • ―From the perspective of contemporary issues in the needs-based approach―
    Etsuo Kato
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 549-558
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     To whom, and on what basis, should support for children and child-rearing be given? This question has been explored in social welfare research on the expected beneficiaries of welfare, giving rise to diverse models of how that support should be provided, including problems-based, needs-based, and rights-based approaches. The purpose of this study is to proceed from that past research and accomplish two aims: demonstrate the superiority of support for children that is grounded in the rights-based approach, and to propose a mechanism for initiating activities for providing such support. This process begins with an examination of the “Angel Plan” launched by the Japanese government in 1994, which promoted the nationwide implementation of child-rearing support services founded on the needs-based approach. This initiative’s narrow focus on that approach was seen by some experts as endangering support that targets services at the problems of users, that is, service-oriented support. What sort of perspective, then, is necessary for providing user-focused support founded on the best interests of the child?

     One path toward answering that question is to refer to the welfare theories of Shigeo Okamura, whose Okamura Theory remains influential today. Okamura constructed a community-based model for defining welfare beneficiaries, and, in his later years sought to explain the inevitability of this model through human rights concepts. Using the framework proposed by Okumura, this study highlights the elements of an approach founded on children’s rights, that is, one that focuses on the best interests of the child. While Japan’s ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1994 provided a basis for applying human rights concepts to support for children, it is hard to say that community-based support is in fact being provided in this country. Referring to Freud’s theory of the psychic apparatus, this study proposes, as a sufficient condition for initiating support activities grounded in the children’s rights-based approach, a mechanism for positioning value within the providers of support for children.

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  • Katsumasa Momoi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 625-628
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     In recent years, the term active learning has been drawing attention. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of active learning by board game in certified social worker training course. For the board game, we used Monopoly and validated the effect. As a result, lectures using monopoly were suggested to be effective. Although the problem remains, the significance of the lecture by the board game was found.

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  • Chen Haitao
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 629-637
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Previous studies have paid much attention on the Japanese fillers, while Previous studies have paid little attention on the Chinese fillers. In this paper, cognitive research methods was employed to argue the classification of Chinese Filler “zhege”

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  • Michiru Ito
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 645-653
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Gomokumeshi is an autobiography written by Mrs. Kotaka Otsuma, founder of Otsuma Women’s University. The autobiography details the history of the university, as well as its fundamental principle of the education for women, for which it has earned the reputation of raising “good wives and wise mothers”. Gomokumeshi has been read by Otsuma’s junior and senior high school pupils, undergraduate and graduate students, their parents, and staff members. However, there has not yet been any report on how it is accepted by foreigners. This article reports the views of 10 Chinese and Korean exchange students, following their perusal of the book. These exchange students were enrolled in the International Center in the second semester of the academic year 2016. Further, this article shows how the exchange students’ negative image towards Japanese women has changed since they started reading Gomokumeshi, and how they found special value in studying at Otsuma Women’s University. Their bias that Japanese women become pitifully stuck at home after marriage, has lessened, after learning that Kotaka supported the social progress of married women. Additionally, the recognition that Kotaka herself founded Otsuma after she married her husband, made them respect her profoundly, and has assisted in their finding favourable meaning in studying at Otsuma Women’s University.

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  • Katsumasa Momoi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 654-657
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     In this paper, we have summarized the important items in childcare for the handicapped using “Biestek seven”. The subjects are college students enrolled in a nursery teacher training course. In the lecture, a group work was conducted. As a result, the responses differed from group to group. Even if the same elements in Biestek seven were used, the order was different depending on the group. Comparing this result with students studying welfare does not mean that different results will be obtained.

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  • ―About chapter organization and laws and ordinances―
    Mika Sugiyama
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 658-662
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     On the " Principle of Nursery Care and Education " which is a compulsory course of the nursery teacher training course, although the teaching content and historical change are included in the content of the teaching, the content of the teaching is not specifically defined. Therefore, in this paper, I analyze the contents of the text of " Principle of Nursery Care and Education " published between 2016 and the present (as of October 2017), and posted what kind of matters concerning pre-war early childhood education and care as contents of teaching or not. First, I check chapters and clauses that are described about pre-war early childhood education and care as a premise of analysis. Next, I analyze statements on laws and ordinances.

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  • ―Comparison between InBody and left and right regions separate inner scan―
    Minatsu Kobayashi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 670-673
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     The purpose of this study was to clarify the possibility of inner scan using the left and right parts by measuring the body composition in young women by comparison with body composition measured using InBody. Body compositions were measured for 201 students (mean age ± SD: 20.1 ± 0.6) of O women’s University in October 2015, 2016. As a result of comparing the body composition measured by both measurement methods, body weight, body fat percentage, basal metabolism rate, muscle mass, and BMI, the correlation coefficients of these body compositions were all high, and all the p values were > 0.001. This finding suggests it is possible to examine the relationship between body composition value using inner scan by the right and left part and nutritional intake, lifestyle habits, eating habits when measuring the body composition from a large number of subjects in the field of epidemiological study where it is difficult to use an InBody.

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  • Tomoko Takeuchi
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 674-675
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     RNA localization in a cell is an important event to generate cellular differentiation and polarization. To analyze the localization mechanism of mRNA of clone No. 302S, forming a granule in the cytoplasm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a screening method to search for a gene-disrupted cell showing a defect in the localization of 302S mRNA was constructed in this study.

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  • - Risk factor of SNS usage -
    Hirosh Ichikawa, Manabu Honma
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 676-681
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     The Internet today provides users with a great amount of convenience due to the improvement of tools and their functions, and the expansion in the numbers of users. However, with the expansion of both online content and time spent online, new and potential risks have emerged in this virtual space. This study reports the results of a self-report questionnaire used to examine the problems or difficulties encountered on the Internet by young women in Japan. It focuses on the risk factor of SNS usage.

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  • -Based on a two-year longitudinal study of elementary school students attending a Japanese supplementary school-
    Makoto Shibayama, Noboru Takahashi, Makiko Ikegami, Chisaki Toyama-Bi ...
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 682-696
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

     The aim of this study was to examine the ability of bilingual children in Germany to write compositions in Japanese. Most of the children attended German local schools from Monday to Friday and all of the children studied at a Japanese supplementary school on Saturday. The students were asked to write 2 types of compositions (a “narrative text” and an “expository text”) in Japanese in the 4th and 6th grades. Longitudinal analysis revealed the following key findings: 1) Children developed the ability to write at three levels: characters, their readings, and words; syntax; and discourse. Bilingual children did not improve as quickly or as much as children whose mother tongue was Japanese, but the ability of bilingual children to write steadily improved over 2 years. Bilingual children developed the ability to construct more complicated sentences in Japanese, but mistakes in the formal aspects and elements of language were evident; and 2) Children steadily improved in their ability to compose a “narrative text” more so than in their ability to compose an “expository text.” These findings suggest that the overlap and differences between bilingual students and monolingual students in terms of their development of the ability to write compositions in Japanese must be analyzed more closely through comprehensive analysis of the ability to write compositions in Japanese and comparative analysis of different types of compositions.

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  • Tomohiro Kumagai
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 33-38
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     In this study, I focused on respect to outgroup as psychological factor that would resolve and engender reconcile intergrouop conflict. Especially personal trait of attachment anxiety was focused for that process. One hundred thirty-six undergraduate students answered questions concerning attachment anxiety, general sense of secureness, confidence on coping skill, and respect to Chinese. Results were indicated that attachment anxiety weakened general sense of secureness, and then it weakened respect to Chinese. The relationship between personal trait of attachment anxiety and intergroup conflict resolution was discussed.

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  • - Career education and treatment -
    Hiroyuki Kawai
    2017 Volume 2017 Issue 27 Pages 150-155
    Published: January 01, 2017
    Released on J-STAGE: April 02, 2020
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     Recently, not only developmental disorder, a lot of mental illness is beginning to be recognized. Cooperation between experts and parents are necessary for rehabilitation of the students with special needs, and appropriate career education is necessary for the students who aim to work. However, there are many issues, such as disagreement of opinion between parents and teachers and lack of sufficient support system. On the other hand, special education, which aims at self-reliance of the students, has something in common with normal education. Thus research has been conducted to aim at pioneering career education with conscious of profession. This is understood that a possibility of a normal education as a rehabilitation environment for the students who needs special support.

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