Introduction: In April 2011, our facility introduced the liquid-based cytology and Bethesda system classification into the cervical cancer screening. We analyzed 197 examinees who required further examination after the screening from April 2011 to March 2016.

 Methods: We analyzed mainly the replies to the introduction letters about the treatment after the further examination.

 Results: The detection rate of the examinees who required further examination was 1.1% and the rate was higher in younger age groups. The fractions of the examinees who required further examination were ASC-US 37%, LSIL 41%, ASC-H 2%, HSIL 17% and AGC 3%. After further examination, 3 women (25% of ASC-H and 33% of AGC) underwent hysterectomy and 30 women underwent conization (10% of ASC-US, 7% of LSIL, 50% of ASC-H, 42% of HSIL and 17% of AGC). The conization group fractions were ASC-US 23%, LSIL 20%, ASC-H 7%, HSIL 47% and AGC 3%. As to mild cytological abnormalities, LSIL and ASC-US, they account for 43% of those who underwent conization, while the treatment rates were low. The intervals from the screening to the conization were within 6 months in most cases of ASC-H·HSIL·AGC, from 1 year to 2 years in many cases of LSIL and varying from within 3 months to after 4~5 years in the cases of ASC-US.

 Conclusions: It is necessary for all judged to require further examination to undergo detailed examination and adequate follow-up. This leads to saving the possibilities of fertility-preserving treatment for young examinees.

 Health checkup is important for detecting urological disease as well as other systemic diseases. Proteinuria and glycosuria suggest kidney disease (glomerular disease) and diabetes, respectively. Microscopic hematuria, defined as more than four erythrocytes in high power field, indicates urological diseases. Among them, urothelial cancer should not be overlooked. Several risk factors for urothelial cancer have been proposed, including male over 40 years old, exposure to aromatic amines, phenacetin, cyclophosphamide and aristolochic acid, and radiation therapy.

 Ultrasonography detects many kidney diseases including renal tumor, smoking history, renal stone and hydronephrosis and diseases of urinary bladder and prostate such as bladder cancer and benign prostate hypertrophy.

 Thus, the checkup system enhances health of Japanese people.