Japanese Journal of Breeding

Genetical studies on the mid-rib proportion and the leaf shape in tobacco plants.

Shin-ya IYAMA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 203-207
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.203

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Three leaf characters, i.e. the mid-rib praportion, the leaf shape and the leaf size, of to'oacco plant were genetically investigated. Statistcally significant varietal differences were found in the mid-rib proportion of the fresh leaves as well as in that of the dry ones among twenty-four varieties and three F1 hybrids. The same was also the case in the leaf shape and the leaf size. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefiicients were calculated between any two of these characters. The correlation between the mid-rib proportian of fresh leaf and that of dry leaf was exceedingly high. Correlation between the mib-rib proportion, and the leaf shape frcurl three different sources, including variety trials, the F₂, and F₃ populations was always high in the negative direction. Variances of the mid-rib protion and the leaf shape were partitioned into their D, H and E components according to MATHER'S method. On the basis of these partitioning, heritability and the number of- effective factors were estimated.

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Studies on the transplantation of the immature embryos in cereals. II. On the germiation of the transplanted embryos of wheat.

Masahito KIKUCHI

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 208-212
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.208

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1. By the Immature Embryo Transplanting Method, immature wheat embrycs were transplanted to the immature wheat or barley endosperms of different degree of dorrnancy, and then these ernbryos were matured on the endosperms. Germination tests were made with all these matured seeds, and the results were discussed. 2. Out of 760, the total number of transplanted embryos, 106(about 14%) germinated. In the combination of wheat emdryos and wheat endosperms, high percentage of germination (11-22%) was obtairied when either or both of embryos and endosperms were non-dormant, but it was very low (about 2%) when both were dormant. The germination percentage of proper embryos varied in accordance with the degree of dormancy of them. 3. As to the rapidity of germination, correlation coefflcient between the proper embryos and the transplanted ones showed possitive value. Among these coefficients, the value of those between the proper embryos of non-dormant and the transplanted ones of non-dormant were the highest. The coefficient between th, e proper embryos of non-dormant and the transplanted ones of dormant ranks next, the significance of this coefficient having been recognized by the aralysis of variance. This fact seems to show that non-dormant endosperms exert an accelerative influence upon the germination of transplanted dormant embryos.

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Tillering and Elongation Rates, Culm Length and Other Characters in Rice Varieties in Response to Temperature : Phylogenetic differentiation of cultivated rice VII

Hiko-ichi OKA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 213-221
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.213

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1. Some 120 varieties from various districts of Eastern Asia were grrown repeatedly in various periods (comp. 3rd paper of this series), and measurements were recorded in regard to the rates of tillering and elongation, to culm length and other characters. The rates of temperature responses concerning those characters were estimated from their regression on temperature of the corresponding growing period. 2. Within the range of 28' to 18'C, the higher the temperature, the higher becomes the tillering rate (daily increase);but the tillering period is shortened, so that thd final number of tillers generally decreases with the rise of temperature. In varieties of the Continental group, the rate of acceleration of tillering due to the rise of temperature was generally higher, while the diminishing rate of the tillering period due to the rise of temperature was generally lower than in varieties of the Insular group. The Continental varieties had thus a lower rate at which the final number of tillers decreases with the rise of temperature. In addition, the rate of decrease of the final tiller number tended to be lower in day-length sensitive varieties than in nonsensitive ones. In some Continental varieties sensitive to day-length, the tiller number became larger, unlike in common varieties, at higher temperatures

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StudieS on the Breeding of Paper Mulberry. II. On the chromoSome numbers of several agricultural varieties of Kozo (Broussonetia Kazinoki SIEB.) and Kajinoki (B.papyrifera VENT.) culturing in Kochi Pref.

Yoshizo NARITA, Kinsei YOSHINAGA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 222-224
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.222

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Authors made a cytological investigation on 2 agri cultural varieties of Kozo (Broussolcetia Kazinoki SIEB. ) and 4 agricultural varietes of Kajinoki (B. papyrifera VENT. ) and decided the chromosome numbers as follows. . 1.2 agricultural varieties of Kczo : Akaso and Aoso were 2n=26 and diploid as basic number le=13. 2. 2 agricultural varieties of Kajinoki : Taori and Kurokaji were 2n=39 and triploid, and, the other 2 agricultural varieties : Takakaji and Makaji were 2n=26 and diploid.

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Karyological studies on autotetraploid varieties, New Giant strain of Primula malacoides.

Masayuki MATUMURA, Akira ISOBE, Kozo NISHIKAWA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 225-228
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.225

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Karyological studies were carried out with three improved varieties of Primula malacoides, i, e. New giant, White giant and New giant growing red (N. g. growing red), the last is established from New giant by means of selection. 1. Chromosome number, n=18, 2 n=36, was counted in each of the varieties, that is, twice the basic number (n=9) of this species. It is reasonable to conclude that these. varieties are autoteraploid, based on their gigantism as well as quadrivalents formation at meiosis.

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Studies on the fertility of artificial poliploid plants II. Germination tests of stored pollen grains of Capsicum annuum L..

Muneo IIZUKA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 229-232
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.229

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Germination tests of stored pollen grains of Capsicum annuum L. on the artificial media (1.5% agar +0.3Mol sucrose, pH. 5.2) were carried out using diploids and autotetraploids induced by colchicine treatment. The results were as follows. (a). Pollen fertility in 2x (70-95%) is about 10-20% higher than that in corresponding 4x. (b). Germintion percentage of stored pollen grains in 2x is always higher than that in 4cc. The germination power is observed to be lost in about 72 hours in 2x and in 48 hours in 4x. (c). The pollen-tubes in 4x often show deformity as forked or swollen, so that the germination percentage of pollen grains with normal pollen-tubes is below 20% in 4x, while it is above 40% in 2x. (d). The growth of pollen-tubes in 2x is faster than in 4x.

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Studies on the differences of physiological and ecological characteristics of the artificially induced amphidiploid in comparison with thoSe of its parents : XIV The disease and insect resistances

Hikaru KUWADA

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 233-236
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.233

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(1) Studies on the resistances to Phytophthora Parasitica RElNKlNG and Sylepta derogata FABRI- clus of "Nori-Asa " (Abelmoschus glutino-textilis), an amphidiploid crop induced between Abel. esculeletus and Abel. Manihot, were made in comparison with those of its parents. ( 2 ) According to the field observation under natural infection and the inoculation experiment, the resistance to Phytophthora parasitica was quite low in Manihot and high in "Nori-Asa " as well as in esculeletus. ( 3 ) At the end of July, owing to the beginning of appearance of Sylepta derogata, esculentus sowed at the beginning of April and May was slightly damaged, while esculeletus sowed at the begljnning of June and July. Manihot and " Nori-Asa " sowed at different time between the beginning of April and July were not or little damaged. At the end of August, September and October, owing to the season of the greatest appearance of Sylepta derogata, all individuals of esculeletus and " Nori-Asa " sowed at different time between the beginning of April and July were damaged, but Maeeihot was only slightly damaged. (4) The resistance to Sylapta derogata was the highest in Malcihot, the lowest in esculentus, and " Nori-Asa " was the intermedium of the parents, though rather resembling the escule, etus.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...

1955 Volume 4 Issue 4 Pages 253-270
Published: March 20, 1955
Released on J-STAGE: May 16, 2008

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs1951.4.253

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