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Koji ITO, Daiki KAMIYA, Mikio HORIE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3248
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The permissible displacement error of position and orientation (0402:0.4mm * 0.2mm) is clarified by experiments concerning the surface mounts of electronic devices used with miniature surface-mount machines for the development of vacuum tweezers without a rotation function.
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Takashi FUKAMACHI, Daiki KAMIYA, Mikio HORIE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3249
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This research concerns the static orientation error of an output link from the pantograph mechanism after designing a mold for the mechanism, and subsequent trial production. In order to manufacture an injection-molding pantograph mechanism with an output link possessing consistent orientation and lower-acting forces at the hinges, three parallelograms are contained in the pantograph mechanism and each link has optimal mass distribution.
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Tomohiro HITOI, Daiki KAMIYA, Mikio HORIE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3250
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This research uses a four-point bending test to clarify the relationship between the characteristics of both the hinge width and hinge modification of the injection-molding hinge component which consists of one hinge and two links .The bending point of the four-point bending test coincides with the axis which intersects perpendicularly with the hinge axis of rotation.
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Nobuhiko HENMI, Michihiko TANAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3251
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A displacement magnification mechanism for piezoelectric actuator usually adopts elastic guide such as parallel translation mechanism with flexure hinges in order to avoid influence of stick slip motion caused by solid friction. Therefore the mechanism has poor damping ability. Residual vibration makes settling time long when the mechanism is driven quickly. An Impact damper uses energy of collision to dissipate vibration energy and does not use fiction force. It can work without spoiling the merit that the displacement magnification mechanism has no stick slip motion. The authors tried to apply the impact damper to displacement magnification mechanism and investigated differences by setting conditions of the damper. The effects of the damper are presented in the report.
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Jun NANGO, Hisato YOSHIZAWA, Shinji TAKEDA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3252
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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People who need of nursing care become difficult to various activities of daily living are increasing. The movement to stand up has much frequency in particular in daily living. And standing up action causes pain to the joint as people get older. Then in this research, we develops the device to which seat plate follows a motion of the thigh in general standing up action giving one input for the purpose of mitigating the burden of the joint and a care worker's burden, and a user makes people stand in a natural form also in the state where the body was left to seat plate.
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Jun NANGO, Ryosuke KATO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3253
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The walk training make the patient feel pain because they have to support their body with hands or legs when they use the gait training device. The walker which can motivate the patient to train is expected to be developed. In this research, we design and develop the walker with the assist equipment translating the artificial walking motion to the rotating wheel motion. Using this walker, the patients are supported by the saddle, so their hands and legs are relieved from pain keeping their body balance. The assist equipments are designed by using of 4-link planar mechanism, which is the oscillating and rotating motion transfer. The authors prove decrease in pedaling force to change mass and center of gravity for link.
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Yasuhiro YAMASAKI, Yasushi UMEDA, Shinichi FUKUSHIGE, Yusuke KISHITA, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3314
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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To solve the environmental problems, such as the climate change, many scenarios toward the sustainable society have been proposed. Scenario studies contribute to policy forming processes directed to these problems, and to visualizing the vision of desirable future. However it is necessary to clarify the causality or uncertainty described in scenarios, in order to create and understand these scenarios rationally. This paper proposes a structural description method of these scenarios. This method has two purposes. One is to develop a database of scenarios for supporting describing new scenarios. The other is to reuse simulators used in scenarios for analyzing the conclusions in the scenario. We describe scenarios by using three viewpoints; Scenario Level, Expression Level, and Word Level. This paper proposes structural description of scenarios on the Scenario Level and Expression Level and illustrates an example of structural description of scenarios.
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Kazuhiro SAKITA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3315
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The domain of product design has been expanded. Product designers are demanded to concern not only user and market but also influences of product in society and environment. And, very small designed structure directly influences property and shape of product. It is important for product designer to get overview and forecast of the property and the influence in environment of designing product by simulations. Framework of an integrated software tool for environmentally conscious and multi-scale product design is proposed as a tool to design by simulation.
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Yasutake KAWADA, Shinichi FUKUSHIGE, Yasushi UMEDA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3316
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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From the view point of realization of sustainable society, it is required to minimize the consumption of resources and/or energy in designing or producing mechanical products. "Reduce design" is one of the most effective methods because of its advantages such as the cost of material, the cost of transport, and the processes of production. This paper describes an approach to support designers to increase the resource productivity by abstracting and simplifying the product structure among the component connectivity. This approach enables designers to simplify products systematically. A case study based on model of an inkjet printer showed the effectiveness of the methodology.
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Ken Okada
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3317
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The some noise radiating from machineries jars on human nerves, sensitively, and cause psychological and physiological disease. However, there is no regulation against these sounds as LFS, so a lot of people were persecuted with LFS. The improvement of LFS which radiate from some machines and machineries will be to improve the real structure of machine and machinery which is concerned with mechanical engineer. The paper describe about some cases of trouble due to machineries and show to solved by physical and mechanical technologies only and never to solve by the evaluation under the regulation as reference value against LFS.
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Kazuhiro AOYAMA, Tsuyoshi KOGA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3318
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper addresses a design support method based on a recommendation algorithm of a subsystem converted from old design information to new design. The area of subsystem calculated considering constraints inside product, and is easy to replace from a template model which represents past product information. Based on a network model which represents design parameters and internal dependencies, proposed system generates scalable candidates of subsystem automatically based on cut-set calculation of a network structure. An independency which means easiness of the transplantation of a subsystem is evaluated using DEMATEL method. A proto-type system is developed and applied for design example of the OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) system.
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Shin OKAMURA, Tsuyoshi KOGA, Kazuhiro AOYAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3319
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper presents our development of the design support system for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) and Deep Ocean Water utilization plant such as seawater desalination, district air conditioning, aquaculture, ocean fertilization, etc.. As this plant is characterized by multi-purpose complex unlike other renewable energy facilities, its planning and initial designing work becomes tangled process with various design candidates of plant configuration each having a lot of design parameters and constraints. Under these circumstances, we have been developing design support system focusing on how to support defining configuration models effectively and establishing better design procedure to decide design parameters.
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Ichiro HARASHIMA, Koji SHIROYAMA, Kazuhiro AOYAMA, Tuyoshi KOGA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3320
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes parameter check methods and their representation model in product design process. Conventional mechanical CAD systems have some geometric check functions on dimention, mass property and PDQ (Product Data Quiality). But these rules are available in only one CAD system and their scope is limited, so it is difficult to use them as synsetic rule checker between several systems. For integration of design rules, we have studied design rule representation model of high visibility and generality. Our proposed model describes the rules as simple scripts using part structure and the relationship between parameters of part attributes. We implemented our model in an independent prototype from CAD system, and have verified practical effectiveness of it.
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Kunihiro HAMADA, Mitsuru KITAMURA, Hidefumi NISHIMOTO, Yoshifumi TAKAN ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3321
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper deals with the ship design support system in consideration of the accuracies of the analyses. When the error margin is included in an analysis, the boundary of design variables becomes indistinct. This area is called "Gray Zone". In this paper, input and output information of analyses are expressed by expected value and standard deviation, and the deterioration of objective function caused by "Gray zone" is calculated by repeating the robustness optimization. As a result, influences of the accuracies of the analyses on objective function are quantitatively understood. Some examples are shown at the end of this paper.
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Seiji Hayano, Masashi Hagiwara
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3322
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes Research & Development of new Laser Sintering apparatus for producing Micro Mechanical Parts. Laser Sintering Technology is well known as one of Rapid Prototyping Technologies. This technology is commonly applied for producing functional parts such as intake manifolds and propellers in industries like Automotive and Heavy industry. However, Laser Sintering Technology has not been widely adopted in Computer & Home Appliance industries. This is due to technical limitations, which has made it difficult to produce parts with small features. (Thin walls or ribs below 0.5mm thickness.) In this project we developed a new Laser Sintering Apparatus (SEMplice 300) capable of producing micro mechanical parts, based on our feasibility study of smaller beam diameter, smaller layer thickness, and smaller powder size.
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Makoto INADA, Daisuke HIRATSUKA, Junichi TATAMI, Shoji MARUO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3323
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Three-dimensional (3-D) molding processes based on microstereolithography was proposed and developed. To make 3-D ceramic microstructures, a 3-D mold made from a photopolymer, which is covered with ceramic slurry, is thermally decomposed. In our method, high concentration slurry (67.9vol.%) containing submicron SiO_2 particles is used for making high-density (99.7%) SiO_2 Glass. Pyrolysis process of the photopolymer was examined by TG-DTA measurement. The heating condition is optimized by using master decomposition curve theory. The optimal pyrolysis process made it possible to make 3-D ceramic microstructures such as a rotor model and a fullerene model. The further optimization of the pyrolysis process is needed for making crack-free ceramic 3-D microstructures with high fidelity.
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Tomonao KITAHARA, Satoshi KANAI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3324
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Recently, because markets of MEMS develop rapidly, it is expected to increase occasions of MEMS device design. However, it is difficult for designers unlearned in MEMS fabrication process to judge whether the device can be fabricated or not. In our study, we developed a process planning system for MEMS device using 3D geometric model based on block segmentation, which derives all fabrication sequences and their recipes.
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Akira TAKAURA, Youhei SAITO, Shoji MARUO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3325
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We have developed an all-polymer built-in micropump driven by light using viscous drag exerted on a microrotor. The micropump consists of a helical rotor and a U-shaped microchannel. The rotor can be driven just by focusing a laser beam without a laser scanning system. The optical torque exerted on the rotor was analyzed by Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The flow field inside the microchannel was also analyzed by Finite Elemental Method (FEM) based on the Navier-Stokes equation to optimize the channel shape. A prototype of the micropump was fabricated by using two-photon microstereolithography. It was demonstrated that the rotation of the helical rotor generated fluid flow. The optically driven micropump using the helical rotors will be useful for lab-on-a-chip devices.
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Shinya MITOORIDA, Koichi NISHINO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3326
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A compact PTV system is developed for 3-D measurement of micro flows. Unlike conventional micro PIV systems, the present technique is capable of making 3-D measurement by using a single microscope equipped with a stereo optical attachment. It consists of a prism and two mirrors mounted in a compact casing. The image overlap between left and right views is avoided by placing a partition plate in casing. Some preliminary results obtained with the present system are presented.
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Yuta TANAKA, Koichi NISHINO, Shoji MARUO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3327
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A unique micro flow meter for measuring small unsteady liquid flow rate is fabricated by microstereolithography. It consists of an impeller, 500μm in radius, and a casing. The measurement is based on counting of rotations of the micro impeller installed in a micro channel. Its flow characteristics are examined by means of micro PIV. It is shown that the installation of the micro flow meter causes little additional pressure loss. There is a good linearity between the flow rate and the rotation speed counted in the range of 5-25mL/min. The dynamic response is evaluated to be about 0.25s, which is short enough to make measurement of unsteady flows. Time-averaged velocity distribution in the micro flow meter is obtained by the micro PIV technique. It is revealed that the velocity difference between the straight section and the semicircle section of the casing is the key for the initiation of impeller rotation.
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Yusuke Funayama, Daisuke Hirano, Takashi Maekawa
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3328
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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We present a method to evaluate the shape of 3D micro products from several images. The data acquisition system consists of a digital microscope, and a computer controlled turntable. We employ a so called Shape-From-Silhouette (SFS) method which constructs a voxel-based 3D model from silhouette images. The obtained voxel model is further carved by the space carving technique. As a final step, we employ marching cubes technique to convert the voxel model to triangular meshes. The reconstructed models of complex objects show the effectiveness of our inexpensive data acquisition system.
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Takashi Yamada, Tomio Watanabe
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3329
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Respiration, facial electromyography and head motion in force display by using a virtual arm wrestling is analyzed. As a result, it is found that respiration decreases while facial electromyography of corrugator supercilii muscle and zygomaticus major increases. And facial electromyography and head motion has a tendency to occur simultaneously in force display.
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Takuya UCHIDA, Kazumasa WATANABE, Osamu KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3330
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to understand the influence of a motion cue on human pilots' control characteristics in a flying airplane, this study carries out the fundamental experiments in which the pilot tracks flight-path. Then the pilot is imparted a flight vertical acceleration on a motion based flight simulator. The acceleration changes the magnitude and inverts the direction. These experimental data of the pilots' response in various simulation cases show that pilot feels the magnitude of the acceleration and control an airplane to lessen the acceleration.
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Akihiro KAWAI, Kohichiro HAGA, Shiroh ITAI, Yoshiyuki MIWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3331
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this research, we propose a method for strengthening a feeling of connection between two remote partners. To realize this technology, we aimed to construct a system for rolling a ball alternately while sharing motion of two remote balls. Then we developed spherical robots, which can switch from active movement by actuators to passive movement by human strength. A performance test of this system shows that two people alternately roll a ball between remote locations. As a result, we have a prospect that this system is effective for promoting embodied interaction and it is expected that a feeling of connection between two remote partners is strengthened.
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Ryoji INAZAWA, Minehiro FUNATO, Koji IIDA, Yoshiyuki MIWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3332
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Up to now, The communications space of WSCS (Waseda Shadow Communication System) is received limitation by projection screen, and this limitation becomes a problem when it tries to express the different space. Against this problem, we developed smoke screen to enhance extensity. This device prevents smoke from diffusing by confining smoke in the layer of air, and it can project the image with stability. As a result, the prospect was obtained in the following two points. First, this device is effective to strengthening appearance of solidity of the shadow image. Second, it is effective to enhance extensity of WSCS.
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Kosuke NISHIJIMA, Koji IIDA, Shiroh ITAI, Yoshiyuki MIWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3333
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Authors have developed the communication system (WSCS) between the remote places using the shadow of own body. In order to enhance the existing expression of remote partner, we developed the shadow expression system using virtual grids in following two cases. One is that remote partner exists inside WSCS space. The other is that he/she exists outside of WCSC space. In the first case, we developed two expression systems. One is sandwiching shadow between two lines (Cross Line). The other is denting the grid of shadow area. In the latter case, we developed software that express both multiple virtual grids and communication partner's shadow whose density was changed by their position. Additionally, it was clarified that this expressing method can be applied to expressing the entrance and exit of audiences in a theater-type communication system.
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Kazumasa SUGAI, Minoru YAMASHITA, Toshio HATTORI, Naoya NISHIMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3401
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The effect of the plastic deformation on the fatigue property was investigated with consideration of the pre-strain level, the surface roughness and the residual stress. The test materials were a mild steel sheet SPCC, that nominal thickness was 3mm. Bending fatigue test was carried out using a Schenk-type bending fatigue apparatus at room temperature, where the sine stress wave was imposed on the specimen with 30 Hz. The plastically deformed sheet with several strain levels were prepared, which underwent the simple tension. The fatigue strength elevates in accordance with the magnitude of the plastic strain, however, the effect of surface roughness was not prominent.
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Meifal Rusli, Katsushi Furutani
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3402
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is one of nontraditional processes for micro-fabrication of non-conductive materials. In this research, the effect of ultrasonic vibration in ECDM gravity-feed drilling of soda lime glass is investigated. The ultrasonic vibration is applied on a workpiece and affects ECDM in two ways; to change discharge behavior by influencing gas bubbles and gas film formation, and to improve electrolyte circulation. However, the discharge behavior by changing the gas bubbles and the gas film gives more dominant influence on machining result rather than the electrolyte circulation. It is found that the ultrasonic reduces material removal rate, but improves surface integrity of the hole.
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Masaki MICHIHATA, Yasuhiro TAKAYA, Terutake HAYASHI, Daisuke NAKAI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3403
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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A nano-coordinate measuring machine (nano-CMM) has been developed to achieve a measuring accuracy of 50 nm and a measuring volume of 10 mm^3. To meet these stringent requirements, a probe based on the laser trapping technique is employe d as a micro-probe. This paper describes the development of the nano-CMM system with a laser-trapping probe and also des cribes the performance of the probe via an assessment of the flatness and sphere. It is observed that our developed nano-coo rdinate measuring system can measure three-dimensional objects with estimated uncertainty of 335 nm (k = 2).
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Hideyuki TACHIKA, Yasuhiro TAKAYA, Tezutake HAYASHI, Ken KOKUBO
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3404
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing), which is a polishing process combining chemical effect by chelating agent and mechanical effect by abrasive grain, is a key technology for multilayered semiconductor. In this study, we propose the water-soluble fullerenol(C_<60>(OH)_x (X=12-44)) as abrasives. Because water-soluble fullerenol has good features such as uniformity of particle size (1 nm) and no metal contamination, it is suitable for abrasives of Cu-CMP in next-generation design rule. In this report, the planarization performance of water-soluble fullerenol slurries is investigated experimentally. It is investigated that the water-soluble fullerenol slurry can planarize the copper surface from 20 to 0.5 nm RMS in 2 min.
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Keiichi NAKAMOTO, Satoshi HORII, [in Japanese], Kazuhiko ADACHI, Keiic ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3405
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Spindle vibration of machine tools causes premature tool wear and deterioration of machining accuracy. The vibration of machine tool spindles changes depending on the used tooling system and the rotational speed during various machining operations. Therefore, it is required to realize a real-time balancing mechanism for achieving high accuracy and efficiency machining. In this study, in order to reduce unbalance response of machine tool spindles, a smart spindle with a real-time balancing mechanism using magnetic fluid is proposed. The magnetic fluid is enclosed inside the spindle, and the distribution of the circumferential mass is actively controlled. A small test spindle with the real-time balancing mechanism was developed. The experimental results proved the feasibility of the proposed real-time balancing mechanism of machine tool spindles. By applying the obtained results, a machine tool spindle with the real-time balancing mechanism is developed in this report.
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Keisuke Nomura, jiang Zhu, Tomohisa Tanaka, Yosio Saito
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3406
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In this research, an effective tool path generation for free form surface is investigated by using 8-axis robot system. Processing freeform surface using this robot is already done, and the way for processing freeform surface and tool path generation using this system is established. However, because of many problems, for example interference on tool and work, complexity of the algorism for tool path generation, and so on, it is difficult to process complex form, and processing is not inefficient. In this research, I consider improving the algorism for tool path generation, and suggest processing efficiently and processing complex form.
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Naohiro NISHIKAWA, Toshirou IYAMA, Masahiro MIZUNO, Hidenobu MIFUNE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3407
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In the recent machining, using the machining fluid that is contained EP additive, oil and rust preventive agent is disposed after used. This waste fluid is applied to incineration and reclamation or coagulative precipitation. As a result, huge disposal cost and environmental load is occurred. In this investigation, electric rust preventive machining method that is using only harmless water as machining fluid is developed for reducing effluent treatment. This method is prevented to rust of workpiece by supplying the slight electric current for cathode workpiece. However, this method has problem that is machine body corrosion. Therefore, coating machine body and applied the electric rust prevention is examined. And rust prevention of electro-magnetic chuck's bare metal surface that is difficult to coating is achieved 3 hours.
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Shinichi INOUE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3408
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes element technology of recent machine tools to manage machining dynamics. In high speed machining application it is important to manage stable cutting conditions. It will make higher productivity and avoidance of accidents in machine tools with chatter vibration. This paper introduce an example of equipments to manage stable machining conditions in aluminum parts machining application for aerospace industry.
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Kenryo FUJISE, Yuichi USUI, Kohichi OZAKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3409
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Drilling thrust force changes with the change of hand-feed rate. An attempt for discrimination and classification of the drilling thrust force based on the features extruded from that was carried out. Mahalanobis' D^2 from the reference was calculated on each examination. Thrust force figures attended with the drilling mode were evidently classified by the Mahalanobis' D^2. This result suggests the applicability of this method to the evaluation of the skill at hand-feed drilling.
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Shigehiko SAKAMOTO, Keisuke HIGASHINICHO, Toshihumi MATSUTORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3410
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic) has higher specific strength, modulus of elasticity and so on. CFRP is, however, well known as difficult-to-cut material which has very strong physical and mechanical characteristics. Drill-out of CFRP which is one of the most important cutting techniques is currently carried out in the industrial factories. In this research, we tried to make high accuracy drill holes by helical cutting on the CFRP plates. By using the helical method with cemented-carbide ball end mill, high quality holes on the CFRP plates are obtained without burrs, chippings, and so on. Helical cutting method is suitable for drill of laminated material because of low thrust force of drilling tool.
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Souhei OKAMOTO, Yasuyuki SUZUKI, Shigeo KOTAKE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3411
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Takeshi MIYMOTO, Junsuke FUJIWARA, Tomoaki Taniguchi
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3412
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Cemented carbides consist of WC hard particles and metallic binder Co. They have high hardness and strength. It is well known that they are a kind of difficult-to-cut materials and the tool wear is very severe. In previous study, the turning and the micro cutting in the SEM were carried out to make clear the tool wear mechanism, the behavior of the crack and the particle and the effect of cutting fluid. However, there is few paper about the influence of Co contents. Then, in this paper, the turning of seven kinds of cemented carbides (V40, V50, V60 and WC-10%, 15%, 20%, 25%Co) was carried in order to make clear the influence of Co contents in the dry and wet cutting. The main results are shown as follows. (1) There are the Co contents as the factor of the tool wear in addition to the abrasive wear by the WC particles. (2) The tool wears decrease due to the lubricating properties. On the other hand, they increase the thickness of removal stock and the tool wear is severe in the case of large WC particles.
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Tatsuya ITO, Shoichi KIKUCHI, Yo HIROTA, Atsushi SASAGO, Jun KOMOTORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3413
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In order to discuss FPP process, the peening behavior of shot particles such as velocity were analyzed by using a high-speed camera and characterized by a Vickers hardness tester and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Thickness of hardened layer and unique microstructure with stratification patterns treated with higher peening pressure was much higher than that of the lower pressure treated one. The reason for the microstructural changes by the FPP treatment was discussed based on the impact energy of shot particles.
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Yanhua ZOU, Takeo SHINMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3414
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Clean pipes are used for high purity gas and liquid piping system by industry related to the semiconductor etc. When a high-pressure liquid was transported, thick tubing (10mm in the outside diameter and about 1 mm in the inside diameter) are used. A highly accurate internal surface finishing is necessary for this thick tubing for the adhesion and the stay prevention of the pollutant. However, an appropriate finishing technology is not found now. In this research, the magnetic field assisted machining process was applied to the inner surface finishing of a slender thick tubing (9mm in the outside diameter and 1.6mm in the inside diameter), and its finishing realization was examined experimentally. As a result, it was confirmed to be able to achieve the processing. The finishing characteristics and the finishing mechanism were clarified when the magnetic particles was used. In addition, it was clarified that there was a problem in the finishing efficiency by use of the magnetic particles.
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Akinori YUI, Shigeki OKUYAMA, Masaya KUMAGAI, Takayuki KITAJIMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3415
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The authors are planning to develop a grinding-machine table sustained by the constant-flow hydrostatic water bearings. In this paper, theoretical studies have been made for the basic design of hydrostatic water bearings. Effects of bearing-pad shape, land width, water-flow rate, and water viscosity on sustaining force, static stiffness and viscous damping coefficient of a machine table sustained by hydrostatic water bearings are clarified.
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Jun-ichiro TAKAGI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3416
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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In grinding operation, there are two important preparations, truing which forms wheel geometry and conditioning which generates chip pockets around abrasive grains on wheel surface. Truing has very strong influence on the performance of grinding wheel in terms of determining sharpness of grain cutting edges. In this study, truing of CBN wheel by PCD which has excellent wear resistance is attempted and correlations between truing force, grinding force and surface roughness are examined. Very sharp ridge end of PCD disk effectively reduces truing force and eliminate flexure of the quill of small diameter CBN wheels. Also, accuracy of sharpness control of grain cutting edges is improved compared to conventional truing tools.
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Kazuya SHIRATO, Tomohiro SASAKI, Takao YAKOU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3417
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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Al-Si Alloys which contain 0-2mass%Si were processed and machined by dry cutting in order to clarify effect of solid soluted Si on machinability of Al-Si alloy. In work material containing 0-1.5mass%Si, adhesion stacked on cutting edge widely and the surface roughness was increased with increasing the content of solid soluted Si. On the other hand, in the work material containing above 1.5mass%, adhesion on cutting edge spread thinly compared with other work materials and surface roughness was decreased. Moreover, eutectic Si was confirmed on machined surface in work material containing 2mass%Si. From those result, it was considered that solid soluted Si increased surface roughness.
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Tadayuki ITO, Takao YAKOU, Tomohiro SASAKI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3418
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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As investigation of the relation between adhesion on rake face of tool and machined surface for some commercial aluminum alloys, the following result was obtained. The adhesion appeared on the rake face has two types, in the former type, adhered material on the rake face was thin and the evaluation of adhesion area varied. In the latter type, adhered material on the rake face was thick and the evaluation of adhesion area was stable. In the case of thin adhesion, the surface roughness after machining Ra has small value and increase with increasing adhesion area A. On the other hand, in the case of thick adhesion, Ra has large value and decrease with increasing A.
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Yu ITO, Tomohiro SASAKI, Takao YAKOU
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3419
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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To investigate the relationship between composition and machinability of Fe-Al system intermetallics, orthogonal cutting was performed for some aluminum content of Fe-Al alloy. In the case of small depth of cut, the machined surface of low the aluminum content alloy was smooth, and many cracks were appeared in the high aluminum content alloy. This tendency was more prominent in the case of large depth of cut. Chip shape of the low aluminum content alloy was flow type. However, in the high aluminum content alloy, it was divided into parts finely.
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Hiroki KATTA, Satoshi SAKAMOTO, Hiroshi USUKI, Akira MATSUMOTO, Takao ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3420
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The Fe-Al intermetallic compounds have a high hardness and superior resistance against a wear, a heat and an oxidation. Therefore it is expected that the compounds will be used as a tool material and a high temperature structural material for a chemical plant, a turbine, a catalyst and so on. Although the intermetallic compounds are typically formed by near-net shape methods such as sintering or casting because of their poor ductility and plastic deformability, machining is required as a finishing method to form a highly accurate product. Some studies on the machinability of the intermetallic compounds have been reported so far, which reports about the cutting such as the lathe turning mainly. Additionally, there are few reports about machinability of the single phase. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the fundamental slicing characteristic of the single phase body of the Fe-Al intermetallic compounds. The main results obtained are as follows. The machinability of the Fe-Al intermetallic compounds is inferior comparing with the hard and brittle materials such as Pyrex or polycrystalline silicon, and then the multi-wire saw is available for the high precision slicing.
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Hiroki KATTA, Satoshi SAKAMOTO, Hiroshi USUKI, Yasuo KONDO, Kenji YAMA ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3421
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The Fe-Al intermetallic compounds have a high hardness and superior resistance against a wear, a heat and an oxidation. Therefore it is expected that the compounds will be used as a tool material and a high temperature structural material for a chemical plant, a turbine, a catalyst and so on. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the abrasion characteristic of the Fe-Al intermetallic compounds. In this study, the elastic whetstone of the gelatin base is used as an abrasive stone. Gelatin can control the hardness and a melting point by density, cooling method, cooling time and additives easily. Accordingly a gelatin base stone can produce an elasticity whetstone having various characteristics experimentally. In this study, a new elastic whetstone made of gelatin having new abrasion mechanism is produced experimentally, and the fundamental abrasion characteristic of the Fe-Al intermetallic compound is examined. The main results obtained are as follows. The elastic whetstone produced experimentally can polish the Fe-Al intermetallic compound. Further the surface roughness of the Fe-Al intermetallic compound is improved in a short time so that abrasion speed is fast.
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Miho KOSHIZUKA, Tadashi OHTANI
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3422
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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The fracture behavior in orthogonal cutting of wood material was observed by high resolution camera, considering the fracture of Sugi (Japanese cedar) wood in terms of porous cellular solids. The result showed that the previous check with macro crack propagation in cutting of sugi wood meant the growth of cleavage in intercellular layer. The fracture of cleavage in cellular solids such as wooden material was not only observed in the intercellular layer but also in the lumina with micro cleavage. In addition to above fracture appeared in individual cell wall, the other fracture behavior of slant rupture and vertical rupture was observed along the plural cell.
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Tadashi OHTANI, Shinya KOMATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3423
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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This paper describes the results that the process of chip formation analyzed by behavior of cellular deformation in cutting of wooden porous material, comparing with that of aluminum in non-porous material. The analysis results showed that the shear angle in cutting of wooden porous material changed in range of approximately eighty degree, whereas that of aluminum changed in the range of approximately forty degree. The result also indicated that the value of shear angle in cutting of spruce wood was different among some analyzed methods, whereas that of aluminum agreed with each other. When the deference analyzed between the wooden porous material and aluminum was discussed in mechanical condition of shear zone, the value of shear angle which analyzed from the deformation of individual cell wall was peculiar to that of mechanical condition. From above results, it was suggested that the method analyzed from the deformation of individual cell wall was effective in estimation of shear angle.
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Hitoshi SUMIYA, Katsuko HARANO, Tetsuya IRIFUNE
Article type: Article
Session ID: 3424
Published: August 02, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: August 01, 2017
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High-purity nano-polycrystalline diamond (NPD) has been successfully synthesized through direct conversion from graphite under a pressure of 15 GPa and a temperature of 2300 ℃. The NPD consists of nano-diamond particles (<100 nm) and containing no secondary phases. The Knoop hardness of NPD at room temperature is as high as 120-140 GPa, which is equivalent to or even higher than those of single-crystal diamonds. The high temperature hardness of NPD at high temperatures (>800 ℃) is about 2 times higher than those of single-crystal diamonds. The wear rate of NPD is less than one-tenth of those of conventional polycrystalline diamond containing metal binders. These salient characteristics permit us to apply the large NPD to a wide field of industrial and scientific applications such as high-precision cutting tools, abrasion-resistant materials, optical windows, high-pressure anvils.
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