This paper describes the actual experiments of the error propagation and studies of analytical photogrammetry using the simulation method in which we can find the causes of the errors. These studies and the results give the valuable data which are very effective for systematically controlling the errors in aerial triangulation. The main contents in my paper are as follows:
1. Dose the scale errors in the successive models in the form of normal distribution appear when the observation errors propagate in the form of normal distribution?
2. In what form does this scale error propagation in the actual model appear?
3. When the causes of the scale error propagation are found, is the evaluation standard determined normally?
4. What degree of influence is there from the constant errors?
I have done several experiments using the simulation method technique to solve the complicated error propagation of aerial triangulation which is the effective means to research the relations between cause and effect. In this paper, the studies have concentrated on the following points of simulation experiments.
(1) The first part describes how we can produce the soft program of the simulation experiment.
(2) The second part is the method propagating the errors in the simulation models and the kinds of errors.
(3) The final part is the most important; that is the analyzing and evaluation of the influence of the errors in the models to take advantage of control during actual work.
From the above-mentioned points, it is said that these studies are a very important development in the field of controlling and managing aerial photogrammetry and especially in the case of error propagation, we can clearly find the causes of the errors and steps and parts of errors generated when we use these techniques.

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1) 法面積雪の動態を把握する方法として地上写真測量を用いた。対象物体である積雪の破壊・変質をともなわない点と短時間で現地測定できる点で, 従来の測定方法に比べて有効な手段であることがわかった。
2) 1971年の大釈迦峠附近の積雪量は少なかったが, 法面の積雪分布, 小段と積雪の関係等について, 多少の新知見をえた。

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等高線の精度の規定についてはいまなお「等高線間隔の1/2以内」とするケースが大部分で, 「こうしておけば上下2本の等高線は交わらないから」ということになっている。これについては外国の写真測量の基礎的なテキストにも大てい載っているので, 今更とやかくいう程のことでもないが, 一部の誤解を解くためと, USGS流の規定の意味するところの多少くわしい分析を行なった。またコッペの公式を写真測量に適用する場合の修正拡張とその意味ずけを試み, 実験データとの比較を行なった。なお3で紹介する実験データは1964年のISPの等高線に関する国際共同研究の際, アジア航測, 共同測量, 国際航業, 東洋航空事業, 日本総合コンサルタンツ, パシフィック航業, 東日本航空, の各社の御協力を得て行なった共同実験作業の成果の1部であるが, 筆者の怠慢のため, 長らく放置されていたものである。協力いただいた各位に対しては謹んでお詑び申上げたい。

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This is preliminary and essential report on four-dimensional photogrammetry. We continue the discussion both view points; one is a new concept on one-to-one correspondence between object and image space, and the other a new concept on dynamic stereoscopy.
These concepts are created through the practical problem to find time-serial coordinate values (X, Y, Z, T) of the rolling stone locus on the steep slope or cliff by 35mm high speed movies. We can obtain good results on both the workability and its precision; the position accuracy was ±0.1m & the time accuracy was ±0.02 second from about 100m distance.

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