Journal of the Oceanographical Society of Japan
Online ISSN : 2186-3113
Print ISSN : 0029-8131
ISSN-L : 0029-8131
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Volume 27, Issue 5
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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  • Calcium in the Antarctic Ocean
    Shizuo TSUNOGAI, Tadashige YAMAZAKI, Masakichi NISHIMURA
    1971 Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 191-196
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109144
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Calcium in sea water was determined of the samples taken from the Antarctic and Indian Oceans. Surface water commonly contains less calcium relative to chlorinity than does deep water. The tendency, however, is very faint in the Antarctic Ocean. In the surface waters, the Ca/Cl ratio is lower in the tropical and subtropical waters and the ratio well correlates with phosphate. The Ca/P ratio is calculated as 37 in atomic ratio. These may indicate that calcium is uptaken by organisms to make skeletal parts from surface water which is supersaturated with respect to calcite or aragonite. On the other hand, no definite correlationship between calcium and phosphate is found in subsurface water. This fact suggests that the regeneration process of calcium from organic debris is different from that of phosphate. The increase-rate of calcium in the abyssal water is estimated to be 0.18, ag at./(1 yr), which is due to the dissolution of calcium carbonate. The rate is about a half of total carbonate increase in the water.
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  • Studies on Biological Metabolism in a Meromictic Lake Suigetsu
    Michiro MATSUYAMA, Yatsuka SAIJO
    1971 Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 197-206
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109145
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Lake Suigetsu is a typical meromictic lake having a deep anoxic layer from 8m to the bottom at 34m depth. Large accumulations of sulfide, total CO2, phosphate and ammonium were observed in the deep layer. In August, two photosynthesis maxima, caused by the activity of phytoplankton and photosynthetic sulfur bacteria, were observed at the surface and the boundary between aerobic and anoxic layers respectively. In December, a marked dark carbon fixation was observed at the boundary layer, although there was no indication of bacterial photosynthesis. Sulfate reduction was found only in bottom mud, especially near the surface of sediment. Carbon and sulfur cycles and their interrelation in the anoxic layer are discussed.
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  • Sterols of the Suspended Matters in Sea Water
    Akio KANAZAWA, Shinichi TESHIMA
    1971 Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 207-212
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109146
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    The present study deals with the content and composition of sterols of the marinesuspended matter in the surface sea water of Kagoshima-Bay. The suspended matters were separated into 3 fractions by filtration with the glass and millipore filters. The sterols in each fraction were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography on 1.5% SE-30. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The sterol contents ranged from 2.3 to 20.5μg/liter of sea water. 2) Cholesterol was usually present as a predominant sterol in both suspended and dissolved matters. 3) A relatively large amount of other sterols such as 22-dehydro-cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and fucosterol were occasionally detected.
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  • Some Thoughts on the Cold Eddy South of Enshunada
    Henry STOMMEL, Kozo YOSHIDA
    1971 Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 213-217
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109147
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    On the basis of the results confirmed in the new volume “Kuroshio”, a figure is presented on subsurface temperature arranged chronologically for the selected one-degree square to clearly document the bimodal state of the Kuroshio in this area. To extend this analysis of the state further into the non-documented past, a preliminary survey is attempted with the data on air and sea-temperatures at Hachijojima of these 45 years. As may be anticipated, those data are found to bear little in-phase correlation with the Cold Eddy, though they might prove useful after further analysis. Some ideas of analyzing tree-rings on Hachijojima and shallow sea sediments are also discussed in this connection.
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  • Wave Particle Velocities Measured with a Doppler Current Meter
    Keisuke TAIRA
    1971 Volume 27 Issue 5 Pages 218-232
    Published: 1971
    Released on J-STAGE: June 17, 2011
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1007/BF02109148
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    A newly developed three-dimensional Doppler current meter is described and the results of preliminary field experiments are presented where simultaneous measurements of surface elevation and water velocity associated with wave orbital motion were made. The phase difference between the surface elevation and the vertical velocity measured at 1.0 and 0.45 meters below the mean water level is found to be approximately 90°, in accord with the theory for surface waves of infinitesimally small amplitudes. The spectral (frequency) density distribution for velocity is also found to agree with that we would expect from the linear theory for the observed frequency distribution of surface elevation. However, the amplitude of velocity is consistently smaller (about 10 %) than that we would expect. This reduction of amplitude is more pronounced in cases where waves are high and the water depth is shallow.
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