As psychiatric inpatients are aging, it is important to promote community-based integrated care for the elderly with mental disorders (users). The purpose of this study was to develop a sheet for case information confirmation and -sharing between mental health/medical/welfare and care personnel in supporting these users, and appropriate items for the sheet were examined with cooperation from 13 psychiatrists, visiting psychiatric nurses, mental health social workers, public health nurses, and chief care managers. The information confirmation sheet consisted of 22 items related to basic information and 32 related to specific symptoms/challenges in daily life. For each item, the necessity of confirmation was rated on a 5-point scale (“Necessary at all times” : 5 ; “Unnecessary” : 1), and the grounds of judgment were described in a free-description style. Confirmation was deemed necessary at all times when the mean score was 4.5 or higher, necessary when it was 4.5-3, and unnecessary when it was 3.0 or lower. The overall mean score was 4.37 (SD＝0.32), and all items showed a mean score of 3.0 or higher. The mean scores for the items related to basic information and specific symptoms/challenges in daily life were 4.59 and 4.20, respectively. The items with the highest score (4.92) were [the user’s daily life/desire for care], [presence/absence of diseases other than mental disorders (such as internal diseases)], [points to note when introducing new services], and [current predominant symptoms]. Among the items related to specific symptoms/challenges in daily life, the scores for ［activities requiring care, although the user thinks he/she can perform them him/herself］ (4.69)],［troubles with neighbors/matters that require attention］ (4.62) and [deviant behavior] (4.57), were also high. In contrast, the item with the lowest mean score was [importance of observation in everyday life settings], in addition to confirmation of information from those involved, described as a basis for assessing users’ functioning that markedly varies according to environments. In community-based integrated care for the elderly with mental disorders, it may be necessary to specify required domains, where information should be confirmed among supporters, and those where the level of need for care should be assessed through observation in everyday life settings.

Over-adaptation is a state of excessive adaptation to external environments such as workplaces. In workplaces, workers risk overworking not to be ostracized by superiors or colleagues. Over-adaptation has been examined from the viewpoint of personality. Since over-adaptation is also a state of excessive adaptation to the external environment, it is necessary to examine separately the tendency and state of over-adaptation. This study aimed to examine the influence of tendency of over-adaptation and stress-related personalities on the state of over-adaptation and stress response by measuring over-adaptation in terms of tendency and state. A survey was conducted on 759 company employees. The results showed that the tendency of an over-adaptive increased state of over-adaptation and stress response and decreased job satisfaction. Need for approval increased the state of over-adaptation directly and indirectly and was mediated by a tendency of over-adaptation. Type A behavior increased only stress response. Workload increased the state of over-adaptation and stress response directly and indirectly and was mediated by stress-related personalities. These results show that the affecting processes to a state of over-adaptation and stress response differed.

In order to identify difficulties of supporters of children with developmental disabilities, 13 references were collected using the Central Journal of Medicine and CiNii Articles with the keywords “developmentally disabled children” and “difficulties,” and descriptions of difficulties were classified based on similarities and differences. The number of studies that corresponded to the keywords increased after 2008, and 12 of the included references were those published over the last decade. Study participants included a wide variety of childcare workers, teachers, physical therapists, and nurses. The difficulties facing supporters involved in supporting children with developmental disabilities were classified into 6 categories and 14 subcategories, which were further roughly classified into the following : “process of groping for proper support development,” “support for social skill acquisition,” “dealing with children in unusual situations,” “dealing with families,” and “immaturity of support systems,” “groping towards cooperation” and “underdeveloped organizational systems.” With the rapidly broadened circle of support for children with developmental disabilities, [groping towards cooperation] and [underdeveloped organizational structure] have been shown to be the common difficulties among supporters across occupational categories. The development of support systems should be an issue of significance. Although legislation to support children with developmental disabilities has been developed, back-up support for the supporters is considered insufficient, suggesting the need to consider specific measures to alleviate the difficulties faced by the supporters.

With the goal of clarifying the types of assistance provided to residents by staff of serviced housing for older adults, we conducted semi-structured interviews with staff members of a serviced housing facility for older adults and performed qualitative inductive analysis of the types of assistance they provided to residents. The following six categories were generated from interviews with six staff members: “assistance for building relationships with people in the community,” “assistance for family members,” “assistance for living a better life,” “assistance promoting advance care planning,” “health-related assistance in cooperation with caregiving and medical staff,” and “creating an environment that can support conditions ranging from independence to long-term care.” The types of assistance revealed in the present study as well as those identified in past research suggest the need to develop an assistance index that can be used by staff of serviced housing for older adults to allow residents to continue to stay in conditions ranging from independence to high-level long-term care.

More than 60% of university students in young adulthood are aware of chronic fatigue and have no exercise habits. Therefore, there is concern regarding postural stability deterioration due to decreased activity. Postural instability in college students tends to lead to fatigue in daily life. It was thought that university students’ standing balance was likely to become unstable by holding a normally loaded bag, which was easily affected by the condition of the foot. This study aimed to clarify how foot troubles affected fatigue in young adult college students via a subjective fatigue evaluation and foot measurement.

The participants were nursing students from a college. The survey methods included a self-administered questionnaire, conducted using Google Forms, and a measurement of the foot using Foot Look’s Foot Look. The survey items were age, body mass index (BMI), foot trouble, and the Subjective Fatigue Scale for young adults (SFS-Y). Fifth toe, hallux angle, and small toe angle were measured from the foot type, and the presence or absence of hallux valgus was evaluated. We divided 85 participants into two groups according to the presence or absence of foot problems and compared each item. The average age and BMI of the participants were 19.9 years and 20.5, respectively. Of these, 45 (53%) had foot problems and 40 (47%) had no problems. Of the 45 (53%), 14 (17%) had nail problems and 31 (36%) had other foot problems. In subjective fatigue, among the six subscales of the SFS-Y, four subscales of drowsiness, decreased vitality, sleepiness, and physical discomfort were significantly higher in the group with foot trouble (p<0.05). In the foot measurement, only the hallux valgus (right) tended to be more common in the group with foot trouble. Therefore, college students with foot problems were more likely to experience physical discomfort, drowsiness, decreased vitality, and fatigue characteristics of drowsiness. Furthermore, due to the foot’s morphology, they were more likely to have hallux valgus or a bunionette, which could lead to postural instability.

With the aim of clarifying the role of nursing in community-based integrated care for the practice of competency-based education, 51 references were collected from the web version of the Central Journal of Medicine using the search terms ‘community-based integrated care’ and ‘role of nursing’. Subsequently, 209 codes describing the role of nursing in community-based integrated care were extracted and then classified into the following 10 categories: ‘multidisciplinary collaboration and support for other professions’, ‘community empowerment support’, ‘health promotion and disease/care prevention for individuals receiving care at home’, ‘improvement of the quality of nurses’, ‘establishment of a patient support system for nurses and collaboration among nurses for continuity of nursing care’, ‘management of services necessary for home care patients’, ‘support for self-determination with respect for the human rights of home care patients’, ‘provide necessary nursing care based on an understanding of the needs of home care patients and their families’, ‘support for independence in medical treatment from a comprehensive perspective based on daily life’, and ‘provide nursing care, including assisting medical treatment, in order for home care to continue’. These categories contained 27 subcategories. It became clear that the role of nursing in comprehensive community-based integrated care is to support medical care and establish a nursing system from a comprehensive perspective based on daily life, in cooperation with multiple professions. In the future, based on the 10 categories identified in this study, we will identify key competencies and minimum competencies that will become ‘the ability to demonstrate the role of nursing in community-based integrated care’, set competency-based learning outcomes, and organize educational programmes.

A web-based questionnaire survey was carried out involving 242 second- to fourth-year nursing students at a single nursing college to evaluate the association of the willingness to participate in volunteer activities to support older people with agism and cognitive social capital. Valid responses were obtained from 90 students (valid response rate : 37.2%), and they were classified into : 19 (21.1%) judged to be motivated (motivated group) and 71 (78.8%) judged not to be motivated (unmotivated group) to participate in volunteer activities for older people. On the Japanese short version of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA), the scores of “I personally would not want to spend much time with an old person” and “The company of most old people is quite enjoyable (reverse item)” concerning ’avoidance’ were significantly lower in the motivated group compared with the unmotivated group (p<0.01). Also, the median score of all items of ’avoidance’ of the FAS was significantly lower in the motivated compared with unmotivated group (p<0.01). A weak but significant negative correlation was observed between the scores of cognitive social capital and ’avoidance’ of FSA (r_s＝－0.394, p<0.001).

The willingness of students to participate in volunteer activities to support older people was suggested to be associated with ’avoidance’ of FSA in the trust and the model. For the future, it will be necessary for motivated people to convey information about positive aspects of older people to promote more favorable views about them in society.

The study aims to clarify the characteristics of the physical, psychological, and social aspects of older people with tendencies toward social withdrawal, and to examine nursing support options for such individuals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two older people with tendencies toward social withdrawal. The interview data were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively using the SCAT method. As a result, storylines and theoretical accounts such as participants’ reasons for social withdrawal, their living conditions during social withdrawal, and the effects of social withdrawal were identified. These findings indicated that participants had an awareness of physical decline, poor physical health, and cognitive decline arising from social withdrawal. It was also clarified that social withdrawal could lead to a depressive state and an inability to engage in direct face-to-face interaction with others. Additionally, reasons for being socially withdrawn included anxiety about daily life and contracting COVID-19, and it was considered that a defense mechanism based on this anxiety led to social withdrawal behaviors. Further, through several interviews a behavioral change in the direction of elimination of social withdrawal was recognized, indicating that talking about one’s life during social withdrawal in one’s own words may lead to behavioral change. The findings indicated that the following may be effective with regard to nursing support in this context: ① Intervention for eliminating social withdrawal to prevent the deterioration of physical, psychological, and social functions; ② creating opportunities for talking about one’s life during social withdrawal in one’s own words, and intervening to enable individuals to reflect on their current situation and envision their future; and ③ clarifying the content of an individual’s anxiety at an early stage and intervening so that physical functions can be maintained.

The present study aimed to determine the realities of independence the Jiritsu in interpersonal relationships among psychiatric nurses. This study adopted an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire method. The questionnaire was administered to 235 nurses working at five psychiatric hospitals in the Tohoku Region of Japan. The survey consisted of items on attributes, the Jiritsu in Inter-personal Relation Scales (18 items), and the Japanese version of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS Ver.26. The data of 189 subjects (valid response rate of 80.4%) were used in the analysis. The score for independence in interpersonal relationships was 66.9±9.4 points, and it was approximately the same score obtained when general nurses were surveyed. The GHQ score of the nurses was 3.8±2.9 points. There were 89 nurses (47.1%) who scored 4 points or more, which is indicative of a state of depression. Furthermore, 142 nurses (75.2%) felt burdened by their work, and 106 nurses (56.1%) had burdens outside of work. When the attributes of the nurses were compared to the scores for independence in interpersonal relationships, there were significant differences by sex and presence or absence of a supervisor to consult with. When the association between attributes of nurses and the scores for independence in interpersonal relationships was examined, correlations were found for work-related burden, non-work related burden, and GHQ scores.

This study reveals the current status and issues for involvement by chief nurses providing support to nurses who encountered suicides by psychiatric inpatients. Semi structured interviews were conducted on 6 chief nurses and as a result of qualitative descriptive analysis, 5 end categories were obtained for support by chief nurses for nurses who encountered suicides (definite fact confirmation with proper consideration, concern and consideration to deliberately not touch upon the accident, guarantee of provided care, guarantee of post-accident rest and non-onerous recommencement of duties, and recommendation of ongoing support and follow-ups by others to encourage support). Issues for involvement by chief nurses who provided support to nurses who encountered suicides by psychiatric inpatients were that perspectives to care for the distress on nurses who encountered the suicide were mixed with perspectives to respond when accidents occur and to prevent recurrence, which placed them in a conflict situation. Moreover, it is thought that chief nurses cannot evaluate their responses to nurses when the nurses encounter suicides, do not know how to determine this, and cannot be certain about the responses they enact when accidents occur or with the aim of preventing recurrence. For this reason, it seems important to respond in an organized, careful manner after accidents through thorough collaboration between medical safety officers and nurses specializing in psychiatric nursing.

This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness of a frailty prevention program in community-dwelling older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was conducted from May 2022 to July 2022 and a 90-minute program was performed once a month for 3 consecutive months. The participants were independent older people aged ≥ 65 years living in Japan. Of the 34 registrations, 27 people who attended all programs were included in the analysis. The survey included a self-administered questionnaire (basic attributes, frequency of self-weight measurement, nutritional status, and frailty assessment) and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, BMI, muscle mass, and body fat percentage) at each session. The first session was pre-intervention and the third session was post-intervention and a comparison was made at two points. The frequency of daily self-weight measurements were significantly higher after the intervention than before it, but there were no significant changes in nutritional status before and after the intervention. Body fat percentage was significantly lower after the intervention than before it, for the entire population, including men and women, and elder-older people. Moreover, the risks status of some participants improved from frail to robust. This program may lead to an awareness of the relationship between objective weight cycling and health status and may contribute to the maintenance of nutritional status and prevent development of frailty.

The living and interpersonal skills of nursing students have declined due, in part, to the spread of smartphone in modern life and changes in family structure. In nursing education, learning support is needed to encourage the acquisition of appropriate lifestyle habits and the improvement of interpersonal skills in parallel with nursing technology education. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp nursing students’ ability to live in society. The ability to live in society is assessed through activities and participation based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health.

The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Scale on Functioning in the Participation Aspect for Nursing Students. This scale measures an individual’s ability to be involved in life situations with a positive perspective. Two questionnaire surveys were conducted twice on 138 first-year nursing students. Each survey was carried out with a 1-week interval between the pretest and posttest in June and July of 2013. The contents of the questionnaire were background, such as age, and the Scale on Functioning in the Participation Aspect for Nursing Students. Reliability and internal consistency were measured by the test-retest method and split-half reliability method. Construct validity was measured by exploratory factor analysis.

The results confirmed the reliability and validity of the 19-item Scale on Functioning in the Participation Aspect for Nursing Students. The scale was useful for measuring the ability of nursing students to be involved in life situations in society.