Growth behavior of centipedegrass (Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) HACK) and its cultural practice are described.
This species behaves as perennial under annual temperature 13°C and spreads stolons vigorously during summer.
Seeds emerge rather slowly, which may make trouble when summer weeds emerge abundantly. Seed rate must be above 0.4g/m² to secure quick cover. So, it is preferable to propagate the sward by transplanting new seedlings or cuttings with more than three nodes and 15cm in length.
This species does not tolerate under heavy fertilizer level. Compost application in 1-2kg/m² as base and topdressing with 5g/m² of N, P₂O₅ and K₂ O respectively after each cutting are advocated.
Cutting interval between 2 to 3 weeks during the growing season is preferable. Sodding in spring every year is necessary to stimulate rooting from nodes of stolons.
This species is persistent and free from pests and diseases except mole damage in spring and autumn.
It seems likely to grow well at rough sites in golf courses, seating places in sportsground, terraces and slopes of roadsides and river banks.

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Neither cytokinin nor brassinolide activities of Chlorella extract, Space Age^R and its powder was detected in the barley leaf chlorophyll retention, radish hypocotyl elongation and rice lamina inclination tests.
Chlorella extract promoted the growth of callus of carrot, radish, tobacco, barnyard grass, rice and Japanese lawngrass.
The results indicate that the chlorella extract may contain some substances which control the levels of endogenous phytohormones, especially of cytokinins or brassinolides.

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The pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicidal activities of bensulide and the combinations of bensulide used with other herbicides were tested in the greenhouse and the fields. And the following results were obtained.
The pre-emergence application of bensulide showed great effectiveness on annual grass and cyperus weeds, but not so great effectiveness on annual broad-leaf weeds.
Atrazine and simazine remarkably increaesd the pre-emergence herbicidal activity of bensulide and broadened its weed control spectrum.
Asulam, propyzamide, acephenon, MCPA and pendimetalin were comparatively useful chemicals which increased the pre-emergence herbicidal activity of bensulide and broadened its weed control spctrum.
Atrazine, simazine, MCPA and asulam increased the post-emergence herbicidal activity and broadened its weed control spectrum, But bensulide combined with above menthioned herbicides were effective on cragbrass and others if they were applied before 3 leaf-stage.
The combinations of bensulide with atrazine, simazine, MCPA, asulam, propyzamide, or acephenon were not phytotoxic to Zoysia matrella. The combination of bensulide with acephenon was not Dhytotoxic to Agrostis stronifera.

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Infective evaluations of entomogenous nematodes for the important turfgrass pests were conducted under laboratory and field experiments. Four species of entomogenous nematodes used in this investigation ; Neoaplectana carpocapsae Mexican, N. c. All, N. bibionis, and N. glaseri, were imported from Australia (Biotechnology Australian PTY. LDT) . On the impregnated filter paper method, inoculated with aqueous suspension of the infective 3rd stage juvenile, N. c. Mexican showed clearly higher mortality against 2nd-5th instar lawn cutworm larvae (Spodoptera depravata Butler), followed by N. c. All and N. bibionas. Leaving the door open to further investigations from this result of the field test, N. c. Mexican can be used probably as a biological agent against larvae of S. depravata.
On the other hand, according to Kain (1982), N. glaseri showed higher mortality against grass grubs, but the infective rate of these nematodes for grass grubs of three species in this study was below 50 percent at all times. Therefore, we must try to find the cause of the difference of infective process for cutworm larvae and scarabaeid grubs.

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1. This work was undertaken to establish the method of fertilizer application on the Bentgrass putting greens of three different permeabilities (about 100, 300 and 600mm/hr) in 1984 and 1985 at Fuji Oyama Golf Course in Shizuoka Prefectu re.
Slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, CDU was mainly applied and the rate of N dosage per year was around 30 gN/m². Vermiculite (2.7 kg/m²) and zeolite (5 kg/m²) were added mainly to the bed soil of 90% of sand to improve its water-holding and cation-exchange capacities. Total nitrogen (T-N) content of cutted grass from these greene was analyzed throughout the two years' seasons to evaluate the effect of fertilization.
2. The results of T-N derterminations were as follows ; In 1984, the mean of T-N of 42 samples was 5.73% with the standard deviation (SD) of 0.53 and the coefficient of variation (CV) of 9.2. In 1985, the mean of T-N of 45 samples was 6.19% 0o with SD of 0.40 and the CV of 6.4. The variation of T-N could be reduced by the equalization of the amount, distribution of N application in this year. In 1984 and 1985, the mean of T-N of all 87 samples was 5.96% with SD of 0.52 and CV of 8.7.
3. These results suggest that Bentgrass on putting green of high permeability can be grown in a same manner as that of low permeability by the application of slow-release fertilizer and the addition of soil amendments (vermiculite and zeolite) of high CEC to bed soil.

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The following pre-emergence herbicide, such as Nitraline (50%), Terfutol (40%) + MCP (30%), Siduron (50%), Bensulide (50%), TCTP (DCPA) (75%) and Acephenone (20%) were applied for testing their safety to pencross bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) .
On March 2nd, March 10th, March 19th and April 1st in 1982 the above 6 herbicides were applied on the penncross putting Green (established in 1975 by seeding) on the golf course of Okayama Mitsu C. C in Japan.
(1) Siduron 1.8kg/10a, 3.6kg/10a (product), Bensulide 2l/10a, 4l/10a (Product), TCTP (DCPA) 2.0kg/10a, 4.0kg/10a (product) and Acephenone 2l/10a, 4l/10a (product) were safe to the penncros; bentgrass at every time
(2) But, Terbutol + MCP 0.8kg/10a, 1.6kg/10a (product) damaged this turfgrass at every application. And, the April 1st application caused only slight damage compared to the March 2nd, March 10th and March 19th applications.
(3) Nitraline 1.0kg/10a, 0.5kg/10a (product) caused slight injury to the penncross bentgrass on the March 2nd, and March 10th applications, but was safe on the March 19th and April 1st.
And, 0.5g/10a (Product) was safe on every application.
On Feburay 24th, March 3ird, March 17th, March 30th and April 7th in 1981. Only Nitraline was applied on the penncross putting Green (established in 1977 by seeding) .
(4) On Feburay 24th, March 3ird, application of Nitraline 0.5kg/10a, 1.0kg/10a (product) damaged the penncross bentgrass, but on the March 17th, March 30th and April 7th applications no damage resulted to turfgrass,
(5) The roots of penncross bentgrass began to grew in Mid-Feburary on the this golf course. It seems that the depth of roots from the sruface and damage by pre-emergence herbicides are related with each other.
(6) We have to find the best pre-emergence herbicides application day that effective and no damage the bentgrass on each of golf courses.

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