Experiments were made to clarify the wear injury of Manilagrass produced by exceed pedestrian traffic. Sod was layed on claey loamy soil, perlite mixed soil and polystyrene mixed soil, then stepped on this turf 20, 50 and 100 times per every day except rainy.
Ratio of verdure coverage was 100% when 20 times stepped with fertilizing, but kept at 80 % without fertilizing. The two 50 and 100 times stepping decreased to same value 20%, but injury of 100 times stepped turf has been improved in several month. This recovery speed is higher in case of fertilizing. After stepping, dry weight of turf did not change at 20 times, but decreased at 50 and 100 times in comparison with when planted. Root weight did not change after stepping but when cured in two months, root weight increased in the same manner as no stepping, Effect of soil improvement did not show, in this heavy stepping experiment. Wear injury of turf is improved, if cured at growing season and by fertilizing when heavy stepping.

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The result of the research of the weed communities in the turf of 4 housing complexes in Kanto district was : 122 species among 35 families occurred in summer, 99 spps. among 34 fms. in fall aud 143 spps. among 38 fms. in total ; the dominant species were, though different in each housiug complex and season, Digitaria violascens L., Eleusine indica G., Eragrostis ferruginea P. B., Digitaria adscendens H., Erigeron canadensis L., Oxalis corniculata G. D., Erigeron annuus L., Taraxacum officinale W., Trifolium repens L., Commelina communis L., Poa annua L., Erigeron philadelphicus L., Plantago asiatica L., Stellaria media V. and Sonchus oleraceus L. Above all Digitaria violascens, Poa annua, Erigeron canadensis, E. philadelphicus and Oxalis corniculatawere commonly dominant in all the sites and both the seasons.
These turf-weeds are common to more than 50% of weeds in orchards, second-crop paddy-fields or upland fields, less common to weeds of meadows.
Thus it can be said that the turf in housing complex is nearer to orchards and so on rather than meadows. But very common are the dominant families to which more than 50 % of species occurred in orchards, upland fields and this kind of turf belong.
The dominant species and families of weeds in baddy-fields are quite different in those of the places above.

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Identfication of species was carried out on fusaria which were isolated from soil and turfgrass of lawn in Japan.
Fusarium roseumcommonly distributed over the country and the other species, F. oxysporum, F. solaniandF. nivale, were also found.
Among the species ofF. roseum, the cultivar‘Gramineaum’widely distributed which is known to be pathogenic to the rice plant disease. On the other hand, F. tricinctum, which is often found in the foregin countries, has never found in Japan.
We thank Dr. Matsuo Prof. of Shinshu Univ. for his valuable suggestions on the identification of species.

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In order to control turfgrass-injurious insects, it is necessary to well know species, their abundance and process of generation on turfgrass ground, and to take proper action at the suitable time for the control.
By installing trap lamps in four golf links, the authors investigated species of injurious insects to be collected and their seasonal prevalence to determine a pattern of search of turfgrass-injurious insects.
In Tomei Golf Link, Pediasia (Crambus) teterrellusZincken, and Japanese lawn grass cutworm, Rusidrina depravataButler, were most abundant and further common cutworm, Agrotis fucosaButler, and black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilonHufnagel, were collected in small number.
In scarabs, Aphodius rectusMotschulsky was most collected, and other scarabs collected were abundant in order of soy bean beetle, Anomala rufocupreaMotschulsky, and black chafer, Lachnosterna kiotoensisBrenske. A relatively large number of striated chafer, Anomala testaceipesMotschulsky, was collected.
A species of crane fly, being a kind of most injurious insects to turfgrass, collected.
Emergence of imago was twice a year, spring and fall. The number of species of insects collected in this golf link is the most among the investigated four golf links.
In Hamaoka Golf Link, Anomala schönfeldtiOhaus was most abundant, and insects collected was abundant in order of soybean beetle, Anomala refocupreaMotschulsky, and brosted chafer, Melolontha japonicaBurmeister.Anomala schönfeldtiOhaus is a most injurious insect to turfgrass. The reason why the collected number of bluegrass webwormPediasia teterrellusZincken, and Japanes lawn grass cutworm, Rusidrina depravataButler, is few, is that both insects are intensively being controlled. Besides them, sugar-beet aphomia (Aphomia sapozhnikoviKrulikowsky) were collected in a large number.
In Hakone Golf Link, striated chafer, Anomala testaceipesMotschulsky, was most collected, followed by soy bean beetle, Anomala rufocupreaMotschulsky and cherry chafer, Anomala daimianaHarold. The reason will be that a many number of Japanese cypress and cedar which are food for imagoes of striated chafer, Anomala testaceipesMotschulsky, are growing around there. Many Japanese lawn grass cutworms, were collected, but the generation of bluegrass webworm, was very few, for the reason that the low temperature of Hakone due to its altitude would inhibit the generation of this insect.
In Ohya Golf Center, next to bluegrass webworm most collected, Japnese lawn grass cutworm, Rhyparus azumaiNakane, spotted chafer, (Blitopertha ozientalisWaterhouse) and chestnut brown chafer (Adoretus tenui-maculatus Waterhouse) were collected in this order. The reason of few species and less generation of scarabs are that the foods for these imagoes are lacking on and around the turfgrass ground in this golf center.

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