Antibiotic concentrations were assayed in both human bone marrow and blood. The antibiotics examined here were cephalosporin C ones such as cephaloridine, cephalothin, and cefazolin ; penicillin G was also examined because its molecular construction resembled cephalosporin C antibiotics.
After administration, the iliac crest was aspirated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes, and at the same time the cubital vein was also punctured to obtain the material. In these materials, the antibiotic concentrations were assayed by means of OKUBO's band culture method with Bacillus subtilis PCI-219 as the test organism.
The experimental results were published and discussed to make a support for the chemotherapy of suppurative infections in bone and joint, because the antibiotic concentration in the osseous tissues was considered to be one of the most important conditions in the antibiotic treatment for the bone and joint infections.

View full abstract

Penicillin G and cephalosporin C antibiotics such as cephaloridine, cephalothin and cefazolin were administered and their distributed concentrations into the human blood and the bone marrow hematomas were assayed.
In these cases, bone grafting had been indicated and the grafts were removed from the iliac crests. After the removal of the bone grafts, hematomas were formed at the operated sites. After administration of each antibiotic, the hematomas were aspirated at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 minutes to obtain the materials and at the same time, the cubital veins were also punctured to obtain the circulating blood.
The antibiotic concentrations in these materials and blood were assayed by means of OKUBO's band culture method using Bacillus subtilis PCI-219 as the test organism.
When the antibiotic had been administered and reached the maximal peaks, before the traumatic hematomas were formed, the antibiotic concentrations maintained at high level for a long time. On the other hand, when the antibiotics were administered after the hematomas were completely formed, the antibiotic concentrations penetrated into the hematomas were poor. These results suggest some important conditions for chemotherapy of bone and joint infections, above all for prophylactic chemotherapy.
Among these cephalosporin C antibiotics, penetration capacity of cefazolin was most excellent and maintained the highest levels.

View full abstract

As the author had found out that the antibiotics such as penicillin G, cephaloridine, cephalothin, and cefazolin could not penetrate into the human bone marrow hematomas when they were administered after the hematomas had been completely formed, the author considered that they should be locally administered into the hematomas, if they had not been given before the surgery, namely before the hematomas were not yet formed.
Because of the difficulties of making errors in serial assay, the author assayed the blood levels and presumed the antibiotic concentrations remained in the hematomas. The blood levels were assayed 45 minutes, 90 minutes, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after administration. At 24 hours after administration, the hematomas were directly aspirated and the hematoma concentrations were assayed to confirm the author's hypothesis.
As the circulation between the hematomas and the vein had been interrupted, the blood levels continued to be higher and longer when compared with the blood levels after intramuscular administration.
Although local administration of the antibiotics is not done in the United States and European countries as the routine, this technique seems one of the most excellent method in administrating the antibiotics for the prophylactic chemotherapy after bone and joint surgery to prevent the post operative infections.
Among these four antibiotics, penicillin G was the most excellent in maintaining the blood levels and remaining in the bone marrow hematomas.

View full abstract