IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
Volume 119, Issue 12
Displaying 1-20 of 20 articles from this issue
  • Kenichi Aiba, Masayuki Morimoto, Taro Saito, Kyotaro Onishi, Kazuo Yod ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1438-1443
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Three phase, AC feeding system for people mover system is described. The moving vehicle is assumed to be a current source of which position and current are determined by the run curve of the vehicle. Simulation of the feeding system is realized by AC electric circuit mesh method with the current source. This simulation is easily realized by the use of commercial simulator such as SPICE. With the SPICE, the dynamic operation of the thyristor converter on board can be simulated with the feeding system simultaneously. As a result, instantaneous analysis such as braking transient phenomenon or instantaneous harmonics can be simulated.
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  • Shu YAMAMOTO, Takashi GOTOU, Takahiro ARA
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1444-1450
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a method to predict the starting performance of induction motors using two frequency characteristics which is obtained by no-load and standstill response test using a AC power supply unit. A new equivalent circuit in which the rotor side circuit consists of two circuits is applied to accurately predict the starting performance of induction motors. In addition, a method for determining equivalent circuit constants using the impedance values, obtained by standstill response test, at two different frequencies is also described. The proposed method is carried out on 5.5kW-200V-22A-4P-50Hz induction motors, one with a semi-closed squirrel-cage rotor and the other with a semi-closed double squirrel-cage rotor. Experimental and prediction results on starting performance clearly show the validity of the proposed method. In addition, the frequency values used to identify the equivalent circuit constants are also discussed based on experimental consideration.
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  • Yasuyuki Sugii, Katsuhiko Tsujino, Takafumi Nagano
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1451-1460
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper describes a Genetic-Algorithm based scheduling method of charging electric vehicles. This method basically determines sub-optimal charging timetable which satisfies a given electric-load versus time curve under the structural constraint of the charging facilities such that the vehicles must be assigned to a few charging bays with given number connectors, and that the vehicles in a bay must be charged sequentially by one charger. An additional method is also proposed to determine the best bay assignment whenever a vehicle comes back to the charging facility, where the basic scheduling method is repeatedly applied to the candidates of bay assignment to estimate and determine the best one. By adopting the proposed methods, we can obtain a cost-saving charging schedule blessed with the benefit of night electricity by using low-cost charging facilities.
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  • Hirofumi Akagi, Satoshi Ogasawara, Hyosung Kim
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1461-1470
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper discusses “the p-q theory” and “the cross-vector theory” in three-phase four-wire systems, with the focus on similarity and difference between the two theories. They are perfectly identical if no zero-sequence voltage is included in a three-phase three-wire system. However, they are different in definition of the instantaneous active power and instantaneous reactive power in each phase if a zero-sequence voltage or current is included in a three-phase four-wire system. Based on both theory and computer simulation, this paper leads to the following conclusions: An instantaneous reactive-power compensator without energy storage components can fully compensate for the neutral current even in a three-phase four-wire system including a zero-sequence voltage or current, when a proposed control strategy based on the p-q theory is applied: However, the compensator cannot compensate for the neutral current fully, when a conventional control strategy based on the cross-vector theory is applied.
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  • H. Tsukiji, I. Muta, T. Hoshino, E. Mukai
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1471-1476
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A study on efficient excitation system would be important to enhance potentials of superconducting AC generators. Based on such a concept, we have fabricated an experimental machine for actually generating the electricity with a brushless exciter system which consists of a superconducting dynamo or “magnetic flux pump”. The fully superconducting generator has also been studied, in which both of armature and field windings are made of superconductors.
    We made tests for actual power generation and estimated its static electrical characteristics, resulting in 20kVA class available with not only the conventional excitation system, but also the novel brushless excitation system.
    The paper presents a comparison of elctrical characteristics in using the brushless excitation method and the external DC current source through brush-slipring system. And the results suggest that the brushless superconducting generator could yield higher output as compared with the conventional excitation.
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  • Masaru Kino, Noboru Morita, Toshiyuki Murakami, Kouhei Ohnishi
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1477-1484
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper describes a vibration control strategy to realize both vibration suppression and arm disturbance rejection of flexible manipulator with two acceleration sensors. In this paper, to simplify the model construction, the dynamical behavior of flexible manipulator is regarded as a 3 mass resonant system. In such system, only the reaction torque feedback does not have effects enough to suppress the vibration of second order oscillation mode. Furthermore it deteriorates the arm motion response in case the arm disturbance exists. To improve the above issue, this paper introduces multiple acceleration feedback of the arm. The feedback of the motor side arm acceleration suppresses the vibration of the second order oscillation mode, and by adding the acceleration feedback of arm tip side, the arm disturbance is rejected independently of the vibration suppression control. Furthermore this paper discusses a proper arrangement of two acceleration sensors. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by numerical and experimental results.
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  • Taichi Hidaka, Muneaki Ishida, Takamasa Hori, Hideki Fujita
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1485-1493
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with the high frequency equivalent circuits in an induction motor driven by a PWM inverter. The leakage current flows through stray capacitance among stator windings and iron core (frame) of the induction motor at the switching instants of the inverter transistors. The high-frequency equivalent circuits are derived based on the frequency characteristics of the high frequency zero-phase-impedance and line-to-line-impedance of the induction motor. The validity of the derived equivalent circuits is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.
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  • Masaki Yamaguchi, Yoshiyuki Ando, Kano Yoshio, Manabu Kobayashi, Mitsu ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1494-1499
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    As a result of attempting the optimization of iron core shape of a cylindrical linear synchronous motor (C-LSM) in which thrust per unit product is large, following matters became clear:
    1. The suction force is produced in the stator edge between mover and bearing, since magnetic material is used for a part of the linear bearing. It is one of the error factors in calculating the static thrust characteristics.
    2. The maximum static thrust changed 3.7 newtons by the existence of the salient pole of the mover while detent thrust changed only 0.39 newtons. It is proven that the maximum detent thrust does not change by establishing salient pole, and simultaneously the maximum static thrust can be improved 6.7%.
    3. The relationship between maximum static thrust and open width of the semienclosed slot is calculated by using FEM. The maximum static thrust of 57.3 newtons can be obtained, and detent thrust / maximum static thrust ratio is made 4% when the width of the semienclosed slot is made to 1mm. The calculation is verified in a measerment of a test machine.
    4. As the result of measuring the speed control characteristics of the C-LSM, speed error can be supressed to 5% under the condition of driving speed 80mm/s.
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  • Yutaka Matsunobu, Fumio Tajima, Takashi Kobayashi, Shouichi Kawamata, ...
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1500-1506
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Greater efficiency for electric vehicle motors is demanded nowadays. Significantly, permanent magnetic type synchronous motor is possible, particularly for the IPM (interior permanent magnetic type) synchronous motor which has great mechanical strength and high efficiency because it uses the reluctance torque efficiently. For the IPM motor, Xd differs from Xq, then we must calculate Xd and Xq exactly. We propose a simple method using gap basic magnetic flux do this. This paper describes our examinations of the IPM motor. Calculated characteristics of the IPM motor agree with the experimental values.
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  • Naoki Nishikawa, Yasutaka Fujimoto, Toshiyuki Murakami, Kouhei Ohnishi
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1507-1514
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The relation between the robot with the environment is very important issue for the biped robot's control because the collision with the environment occurs repeatedly during the walking motion. Generally, the position control is used for the biped robot's control. But the position control can not cope with the collision force and the small environmental variations which the robot can not sens by the position sensors (visual sensor, ultrasonic sensors, etc.). In order to realize the stable contact with the environment, the robot must have a compliance by itself.
    So in this paper, we propose a compliance control strategy for a three dimensional biped robot with variable compliance gain. The goal of this control system is to realize the smooth state transition from the single support phase to the double support phase. The value of this variable compliance gain increases with the interaction force at the bottom of the foot. This variable compliance gain will maintain the performance of the control system in the free motion as well as contact conditions and plays an important role in adusting the stiffness of the biped robot system. The feasibility of the proposed method was confirmed by several numerical and experimental results.
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  • H. Tsukiji, I. Muta, T. Hoshino, E. Mukai
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1515-1522
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For exciting superconducting magnets has been used conventional power supply and power lead system. This way has some problems: heat leak into the cryogenic parts, occurrence of Joule loss in the power leads, etc. To cope with such problems, the use of superconducting magnetic flux pump has been studied. The magnetic flux pump can serve a large persistent current in superconducting magnets without switch and power leads, keeping to supply large current. However, the design method of the flux pump has not been well-known yet. Therefore, we have developed aa small size magnetic flux pump for analysis purposes to investigate its characteristics and actual performances when exciting a superconducting magnet. Furthermore, we set up a new type equipment which can connect many flux pumps compactly, so we have theoretically and experimentally examined the method to improve performances of the flux pump. As a result, we additionally derived some new important design parameters. This paper also gives a comparison between theoretically-calculated and experimental results for the case of parallel and multi-connected flux pump devices, respectively. Further it is clarified that the multi connection of the flux pump can improve performances.
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  • Toshiji Kato, Hirotaka Minato
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1523-1528
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It is important to get a steady-state operation of a power electronic circuit for its design. The shooting method, which is one of steady-state analysis methods, solves a boundary value condition which equates initial values to final values after one-period transient. This paper proposes how to process the analysis in parallel by using a Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM3) system. Especially the multiple shooting method (MSM) which divides the shooting time into subsections is suitable because it can parallel numerical processes for the divided shooting times by using multiple CPU units indepandently. This parallel method is applied to converter examples which are processed by PVM3. The computed results are investigated for their convergence and CPU times to check their parallel effects. According to the MSM algorithm, CPU times are reduced almost to 1/5 by using 5 computer units from a PVM3 system example.
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  • Takahara Kenji, Yamanouchi Youichi, Matsuda Toshihiko
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1529-1534
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this study is to construct a system for tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic power generator that copes with changing system characteristics according to environmental changes. The proposed system is divided into two subsystems: one is the control system for determining switch duty ratio of a DC/DC converter and the other is an estimator of the photovoltaic power generator characteristics using an adaptation mechanism. The mathematical model of the characteristics of the controlled object is assumed to be a 4th -order polynomial and its parameters are regulated by an adaptive algorithm every sampling time. Thus, the non-linearity of the controlled object and its characteristic changes due to external environment changes are regarded as deviations of the parameters of the mathematical models by the concept of the adaptive system. The proposed system is confirmed to be useful for the tracking of the maximum power point of a photovoltaic power generator in conditions of changing environments.
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  • Hidenori Kakehashi, Tamotsu Ninomiya, Hiroshi Ogasawara
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1535-1542
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    High-Intensity-Discharge (HID) lamps have prominent features of high brightness, high efficacy, and long life. However, high voltage pulses more than tens of kilovolts are needed to restart them just after they are turned off. This paper proposes an ignitor using a two-stage Magnetic-Pulse-Compression (MPC) circuit to suppress the stress of the semiconductor switch and generate sufficiently high voltage pulses for the instantaneous restarting of HID lamps. The proposed circuit is analyzed by using equivalent circuits. The interaction of the component values is clarified, and an optimal design of circuit parameters is obtained. Analytical results are verified by experimental ones. Finally, as an example of the practical use, an ignitor for 2kW metal-halide lamp is reported. High voltage pulses with voltage peak of 50kV and pulse width of 800ns are generated by the ignitor. As a result, the instantaneous restarting of the lamp was successfully achieved.
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  • Eiko Sekine, Yoshio Hamamatsu
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1543-1548
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with merging sections of Personal Rapid Transit systems. Several schemes have been proposed for the control of vehicles in PRT systems. In quasi-synchronous control systems, one flow of traffic must form a queue at a merging section in order to avoid the collision of vehicles. In other words, a queue is formed on one of the lines, which is called the sub line; the other line is called the main line. Basically, vehicles on the main line have priority. We propose a control strategy whereby vehicles on the main line are usually not stopped; vehicles on the main line are only stopped when the number of waiting vehicles on the sub line exceeds some specific number. Therefore, double queues are formed on the main line and the sub line, respectively. This paper presents a fundamental discussion of the effects of the double queues, by assuming a simple model of the merging section and by analyzing the relation between traffic density and the behavior of traffic i.e., the mean queue length and the queuing delay.
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  • Shoji Nishikata, Yohei Koishikawa, Fumiaki Mita, Teruo Kataoka
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1549-1555
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A shaft generator system, which consists of a shaft generator, a rectifier, an externally commutated thyristor inverter, an ac reactor, and a synchronous condenser, is being increasingly used mainly in large ships. Conventional type of the shaft generator system has a fundamental drawback of involving a large amount of harmonics in the output voltage waveform.
    In this paper novel and simple circuit configurations are proposed to realize a shaft generator system without output voltage distortion. In order to cancel out the subtransient inductance of the synchronous condenser, by which voltage distortion is caused in the event of commutation of inverter, we propose a new system equipped with a duplex reactor instead of ac reactor. A set of system equations for the proposed system is then given, and the steady-state characteristics of the system are discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed system was confirmed with the experimental investigations. The apparent power of the duplex reactor is also discussed.
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  • Guoguang Zhang, Junji Furusho
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1556-1557
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Chandan Chakraborty, Muneaki Ishida, Takamasa Hori
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1558-1559
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A CLL topology suitable for low voltage, low/medium power application, has been investigated in this paper. It has been shown that the topology is having load-independent characteristics, when fed from constant DC voltage. However, in practice, because of the circuit non-idealities and to compensate for the change in the input voltage, frequency variation is required. The performance of the converter has been presented. Preliminary experimental results are also produced from laboratory prototype to confirm the characteristics obtained analytically.
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  • Kenji Shiba, Eimei Shu, Kohji Koshiji
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1560-1561
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper reports on evaluation and investigation of conducted emission from transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) system for a totally-implantable artificial heart. Coreless type and externally coupled type of transformers were used for the TET, respectively, and the conducted emissions from the TET system were measured and compared with German regulation of VDE. As a result, the TET system using the externally coupled type of transformer suppressed the conducted emission within the regulation limit in the range from 0.01 to 30MHz.
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  • Ryozo Itoh, Kouichi Ishizaka, Satoshi Kuranaga, Hidehiko Okada
    1999 Volume 119 Issue 12 Pages 1562-1563
    Published: December 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    To provide a thyristor rectifier with pulsewidth modulated operations and zero-voltage and/or zero-current switchings, two resonant switches, which consist of LC resonant circuit plus other switching devices and diodes, are connected with a thyristor bridge in series and in parallel. The arrangement tested, using four insulated-gate bipolar transistors, is implemented to investigate the operations under the sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation. The experimental results confirm that AC current can be sinusoidally waveshaped with reduced harmonic distortion.
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