IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
Volume 122, Issue 8
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
  • Difficulties and Keys
    Yasuaki Kuroe, Mikihiko Matsui
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 775-780
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, with the advent of computer technologies, a plenty of simulators for power electronic systems have been developed and computer simulations have been more powerful and useful tools for analysis and design of power electronic systems. However, there often arise several problems and difficulties in simulating power electronic systems due to the distinguishing characteristics of power electronic systems such as nonlinear switching behaviors, characteristic hybrid features, stiffness and so on. In this paper, after briefly describing general simulation methods, we pick up some of those problems and explain why and how those problems arise and how to resolve them.
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  • Shin-ichi Hamasaki, Atsuo Kawamura
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 781-789
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The shunt-type active filter (AF), which is widely used due to the protection capability, is installed in parallel to the loads. It is considered as the ideal current source and it compensates the harmonic current of the load. However, the AF is practically realized by the current regulator using the voltage source type inverter, and it is very difficult to realize the AF current as an ideal current source, especially when it is controlled by the digital equipments.
    A new control scheme for the line current detection type AF is proposed to improve the current regulation capability based on the digital dead-beat control. The current control scheme is achieved by controlling the intermediate voltage of the inverter output filter so that the AF output current is regulated using the dead-beat control law for the calculation of the pulse width of the PWM inverter. In the proposed scheme, the current regulation performance is improved much better than the conventional one.
    The control method, mathematical analysis, the simulation results and the experimental results are presented in this paper.
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  • Yuichi Tamura, Ikuya Sato, Hisao Kubota, Hisayoshi Ohta, Yoichi Hori
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 790-798
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The subject of this paper is to stabilize sensorless vector control system of induction motors based on the adaptive observer in regenerating mode at very low speed. The adaptive observer gains are designed by Routh-Hurwitz criteria. It is verified that the proposed system is stable by the simulation and experiment.
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  • Tomokazu Mishima, Tokuo Ohnishi
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 799-806
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The power-voltage and current-voltage characteristics of a PV array change with the variation of insolation and temperature. Especially, the output power of a PV-panel block consisting of series-PV modules inevitably goes down due to partial shading caused by peripheral obstacles. This results in the significant reduction of the total output power from the PV power generation system where a couple of PV blocks are parallel to the DC terminal of interactive inverter because of mismatch of the optimum operating voltages between the PV blocks.
    In this paper, we propose a power convertion system to compensate the output power of a partially shaded PV array. The proposed system can control the output power of the PV array on a PV block basis, which contributes to a more efficient and simpler implementation of the PV power compensation system than that by individual controls of PV modules using DC-DC converters. In addition to that, inverter DC voltage is appropriately controlled so that the maximum output power from the overall PV array can be obtained. And then, the feasibility of the system is investigated and verified from the simulation and experimental results.
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  • Akira Kimura
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 807-815
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, a robust nonlinear speed control system is proposed. The proposed control system offers a fast response without injuring riding comfort of the rolling stocks.
    The riding comfort is obtained from monotonous deviation decreasing under the acceleration and jerk limitation. The monotonous decreasing characteristic is provided by a nonlinear compensation.
    According to the nonlinear compensation, when the speed deviation and the acceleration deviation are small, the trajectory in the phase plane is controlled in linear region. On the other hand, when the deviations are large, the trajectories are led to the linear control region.
    The sufficient condition of the robust nonlinear speed control is made apparent by the system analysis and certified by the simulations.
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  • Shuji Katoh, Shigeta Ueda, Hiromitsu Sakai, Hidetoshi Aizawa
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 816-822
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    High voltage IGBT converters require an IGBT series connection. To reduce converter loss and simplify converter configuration, snubber circuits should be omitted. In this paper we introduce our snubberless IGBT series connection technique with active-gate-control.
    In the active-gate-control IGBT, gate-voltage is set to increase with collector-voltage. Due to increased gate-voltage, IGBT impedance drops and the collector-voltage is limited. The collector-voltages of IGBTs connected in series can be balanced by uniting the collector-voltages of each single IGBTs independently. In the active-gate-control, the gate is charged before the collector-voltage reaches the clamping voltage. So fast control can be performed and surge voltages at the recovery state can be clamped. In the control the clamping voltage increases with tum-off current and it is saturated for further larger currents. By increasing the clamping voltage with tum-off current, the increase of tum-off loss caused by collector voltage clamping is limited. Saturating the clapping voltage for further higher currents prevents overvoltage failure.
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  • Teruhisa Kumano
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 823-829
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper proposes a new method for the magnetic field analysis of a synchronous machine with a cylindrical rotor. It gives the two dimensional magnetic field distribution in the machine by solving a partial differential equation which describes the steady state balanced operation. Radial and rotational components of the magnetic permiability and resistivity are independently defined to take into account the magnetic anisotropy inherent in its slotting structure. The study machine is divided into several coaxial cylinders, where the potential distribution is described by a few parameters, which are to be solved to satisfy the boundary value conditions between every neighboring cylinders.
    The proposed method is applied to a model generator, and the calculation results are well agreed to FEM analysis which has been shown to agree well with measured data. Because it needs no massive numerical calculation, high computing speed is expected which enables us to apply it to multi machine power system analysis. Moreover, it can be expected to handle the effects of magnetic saturation by combinatorial use with the perturbation based scheme.
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  • Krit Choeisai, Naoto Kobayashi, Seiji Kondo
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 830-837
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper proposes the Walsh function based position sensorless drive method of a PM motor by using high-frequency 20[kHz] triangular-wave-carrier PWM inverter ripple-current. The proposed method uses the Walsh harmonic of PWM inverter ripple-current to estimate the motor rotor position. By using the high frequency switching ripple-current, the period of the rotor position estimation has been decreased and improves the step response of PM motor. The Walsh function makes it possible to use a definite-integrator as the Walsh harmonic detector that can separate the small ripple-current signal from the motor drive-current signal. The Walsh harmonic detector circuit consists of less parts than that of the Fourier harmonic detector circuit. The validity of the proposed method was clarified by several experimental results.
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  • Isamu Yamamoto, Keiju Matsui, Yugo Yao
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 838-844
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For small capacity rectifier circuits such as those for consumer electronics and appliances, capacitor input type rectifier circuits are generally used. Consequently, various harmonics generated within the power system become a serious problem. Various studies of this effect have been presented previously. However, most of these employ switching devices, such as FETs and the like. The absence of switching devices makes systems more tolerant to over-load, and brings low radio noise benefits. We propose a power factor correction scheme using a LC resonant in commercial frequency without switching devices. In this method, It makes a sinusoidal wave by widening conduction period using the current resonance in commercial frequency, Hence, the harmonic characteristics can be significantly improved, where the lower order harmonics, such as the fifth and seventh orders are much reduced. The results are confirmed by the theoretical and experimental implementations.
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  • Design and Performance of a Passive EMI Filter
    Hiroshi Hasegawa, Takafumi Doumoto, Hirofumi Akagi
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 845-852
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with an inverter system integrating a small-rated passive EMI filter with a three-phase voltage-source PWM inverter. The purpose of the EMI filter is to eliminate both common-mode and normal-mode voltages from the output voltage of the inverter. The motivation of this research is based on the well-known fact that the higher the carrier or switching frequency, the smaller and the more effective the EMI filter. An experimental system consisting of a 5-kVA inverter, a 3.7-kW induction motor, and a specially-designed passive EMI filter was constructed to verify the viability and effectiveness of the EMI filter. As a result, it is shown experimentally that both three-phase line-to-line and line-to-neutral output voltages look purely sinusoidal as if the inverter system were an ideal variable-voltage, variable-frequency power supply when viewed from the motor terminals. This results in completely solving serious issues related to common-mode and normal-mode voltages produced by the inverter.
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  • Kazuo Shima, Kazumasa Ide, Miyoshi Takahashi
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 853-861
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In order to get better design of synchronous machines, it is important to have accurately known machine constants and to understand the relationship between iron core dimensions and flux distributions. This paper presents new definitions of leakage inductances and a calculation method for all the self-, mutual and leakage inductances and resistances of saturated salient-pole machines with damper circuits. The leakage inductances are divided into self-leakage, gap leakage and winding-differential leakage inductances. The method is applied to a large generator. The relationship between the machine dimensions, saturation and the constants is discussed. The cross-magnetizing inductances, except for d-axis damper circuits, are found to be relatively large. Resistances between the d-and q-axis damper circuits have non-zero values under the rated load condition.
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  • Takeshi Ito, Toyohiko Hirota, Masaaki Hashimoto
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 862-870
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Object-oriented CAD tools which adopt an architectural object model have been provided in the field of architecture. By using such CAD tools, designers can easily design a building because they can use architectural objects as basic elements. However, at present, buildings are commonly designed using conventional drawing tools which exchange information only in a form of geometric data such as lines and arcs. We have developed a system which supports model conversion between these kinds of data. We propose a framework of knowledge description for generation of product models from architectural CAD drawings. We also experimented with application of the generated object model in a system for designing fire alarm system, which is a kind of object-oriented CAD.
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  • Akiyuki HIRANO, Naoki MAKI, Yasuhiko TANAKA
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 871-877
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A cylindrical linear induction motor (CLIM) has no coil ends, and therefore it has higher propulsion force and power factor compared with a flat linear induction motor. The purpose of this study is to investigate of the application of CLIM to actuators of machine tools. First, a CLIM trial machine increasing effective flux and reducing eddy currents, which has good performance and simple structure, was manufactured. Next, a CLIM device for machine tools using the CLIM trial machine and commercially available accessories, such as a motor driver and a linear encoder, was manufactured and tested for practical application.
    From the test results, the effect of excitation frequency on propulsion force, the effect of velocity on the ripple of propulsion force and its positioning performance are clarified. It was also found that the device using the CLIM and commercially available accessories has enough potential performance to be used for the actuator of the practical machine tools.
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  • Kenmei Kukihara
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 878
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A simple stopper of inrush current, with TRIAC, is proposed for rectification systems. Among all the switching devices only TRIAC has reverse trigger-mode that enables direct triggering by the voltage of capacitor, only after its charging up through a resistor.
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  • K. Nishida, M. Nakaoka
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 879-880
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The detection of instantaneous compensating currents without delay is required in order to improve the transient response of an Active Power Filter(APF). The advanced method for reducing the delay of detecting the active component of compensating current vector is proposed in this paper. The necessary moving average value is estimated by the application of the quadratic approximation of the 3 moving average values detected in the past. The experimental results obtained from a three-phase current-source type APF are also illustrated herein. It is proved that the transient oscillations of the DC side current of APF as well as source currents are controlled effectively at the same time.
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  • Daohong Wang, Hiroki Ishikawa, Haruo Naitoh
    2002 Volume 122 Issue 8 Pages 881-882
    Published: August 01, 2002
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A new approach for measurement of photovoltaic V-I characteristics has been proposed in this letter. The approach uses the transient electrical characteristics that occur at the instant when a PV is shorted with an inductor. In the approach, only the voltage across the inductor, which is equal to the PV voltage, is measured. The PV current is calculated by integrating this voltage. The proposed approach has been experimentally compared with the variable resistance method and it is found that they exhibited more or less the similar measured results.
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