IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
Volume 121, Issue 2
Displaying 1-21 of 21 articles from this issue
  • Yoshihiro Kawase
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 153-158
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Rotating machines are widely used for various electrical instruments. To determine the optimum design for rotating machines, it is necessary to analyze their characteristics accurately. This paper describes the pre/post processor for finite element mesh, the finite element analysis method, and several applications to rotating machines.
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  • S. Wakao, M. Tokuhisa, A. Maeda, T. Onuki
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 159-164
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years the numerical design optimization of magnetic devices has been the focus of interest of many engineers. In designing the practical devices such as induction motors, we have to estimate many kinds of objective physical quantities in the optimization process: e. g. magnetic flux, eddy current, torque, etc. This makes it difficult to obtain the effective solution that achieves the high device performance boosts within an acceptable CPU time. Thus, some contrivances to the practical design optimization are indispensable according to the device characteristics.
    In this paper, with this background, we propose an effective approach to the design optimization of rotating machinery by using the numerical analysis combined with the analytical design methodology and physical considerations. To verify the proposed approach, some numerical results, i.e., the shape optimization of ventilation holes in an induction motor, are also presented. In the numerical example, our goal is to widen the ventilation hole area without making the influence of the rotor-yoke saturation more serious.
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  • Kenji Miyata, Kohji Maki
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 165-170
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have presented a fast analysis method of eddy current fields for rotating machines. In the method, the entire analytic space is separated into two spaces; a rotor space and a stator space. First a static magnetic field is analyzed to obtain slip surface fields over a half period of rotation while eddy current fields are disregarded. The obtained slip surface fields are transformed into several complex time-dependent harmonic waves, which are used as boundary conditions of the rotor and stator spaces in the separated space analysis with eddy current fields considered. The obtained eddy currents are introduced as new additional sources of magnetic field in the entire analytic space in order to correct the slip surface fields. The new slip surface fields are used as the new boundary conditions of the rotor and stator spaces. The above mentioned process is repeated several times until the eddy current field solution is converged.
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  • Yoshihiro Hosokawa, So Noguchi, Hideo Yamashita, Shigeya Tanimoto
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 171-177
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In optimal design of permanent magnet motor (PM motor), many design variables are required to consider some device properties. These variables are, for example, the shape of core and magnet, the teeth length, the number of turns, the winding radius, and so on. Moreover, many restrictions must be considered toward the practical PM motor design. These restrictions are, for example, the slot space factor, the cogging torque, and so on. However, the optimization problem, which has many design variables by using finite element method (FEM), has not been reported. In this paper, the efficiency of PM motor under considering described above is optimized by using FEM and optimization algorithm. In this problem, an objective function has many local minima and it is difficult to calculate its gradient. For these reasons, the genetic algorithm (GA) and the simulated annealing method (SA), which are stochastic method, are used for optimization method, becase of unnecessarity of the gradient and possibility of the global range search. Adding to both optimization methods, in this paper, SA combined with GA is used for one of optimization methods. As the results, the solutions optimized by these methods are reasonable from engineering point of view.
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  • Tomohiro Ota, Katsuhiro Hirata, Yoshihiro Kawase
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 178-183
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, an auto-mesh coupling method for 3-D finite element analysis is proposed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of a magnetic applied actuator. This method is applied to a scroll-pump actuator which revolves without actually rotation itself. The effectiveness of this method is verified through the comparison with the measured results. This method is also applied to two different types of scroll-actuators in order to clarify their characteristics.
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  • Katsumi Yamazaki
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 184-195
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It has become more important to estimate harmonic electromagnetic fields in induction motors due to the design trends of smaller size, higher output and spread of inverter drives. Owing to this tendency, the 2D nonlinear time stepping finite element method is widely applied to the analyses of the motors. This method often needs more than thousands of iterative calculations. Furthermore, 3D analyses are required to estimate the effects of the end-rings of the motors accurately. In this case, vast calculation time is required if a full 3D method is carried out.
    From the points of view, we introduce the 2D analysis with the approximated modeling of end-rings obtained by the limited 3D analysis. In the method, the 3D analysis is used only to calculate the secondary current distributions, not to estimate magnetic saturation and harmonics. As a result, the 3D analysis can be a linear one using phasor that needs only small computer resources. The results of the 3D analysis modify the 2D nonlinear time-stepping analysis to calculate the characteristics of the induction motors accurately and efficiently.
    In this paper, two types of the proposed methods are investigated to clarify the advantages and the break points of the approximations. One is the 2D analysis coupled with the secondary conductor circuit obtained by the 3D analysis. The other is the 2D analysis with the bar conductivity modified by the 3D analysis. From numerical experiments and applications of the motor, it is clarified that the various types of induction motors can be analyzed accurately and efficiently by using the proposed methods properly.
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  • Noriko Fukuda, Tomoki Watanabe
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 196-203
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Shinkansen trains are now being operated under the Automatic Train Control (ATC) system and are automatically decelerated and stopped at stations when necessary by the ATC system. The ATC system is based on the on-board signal transmitted from wayside equipment via track circuits. The ATC brake is activated when a train received a signal speed lower than the train speed and is released when the train speed becomes lower than the signal speed. Because the length of block section is determined by the ATC brake force in the worst case, the train normally decelerates so fast that it coasts a certain period up to the end of the block section as shown in Fig. 1.
    We studied the control method of on-board ATC system for Shinkansen train to shorten the operation time and reduce the adverse effects of changes in deceleration on ride comfort, while maintaining the safety and reliability of present ATC signal system. We propose an on-board pattern brake control system based on the present ATC data without changing wayside equipment. When compared with the simulated operation time under the present ATC brake control system, the operation time by this proposed method is 47.6 seconds less, after brake is applied until the train stops at the Hakata Terminal station, with series 500 Shinkansen train. This paper discusses the system and effects of the on-board pattern.
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  • Taro Takahashi, Atsuo Kawamura
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 204-209
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A large calculation cost is required to solve the inverse kinematics problem by the numerical iterative method ( i.e. Newton-Raphson method) if the dimension of the Jacobian matrix becomes large. In this paper a new high speed numerical calculation method (SMJM method: Simply Modified Jacobian Matrix method) to solve the inverse kinematics of non-redundant manipulators and redundant manipulators are proposed. The calculation time is decreased, by replacing some elements of the Jacobian matrix with zeroes. The Monte Carlo method had been used to verify the advantage of the proposed SMJM method for the six links non-redundant manipulator and the four links redundant manipulator.
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  • Shinji Shinnaka
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 210-218
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, first of all a mathematical model of synchronous reluctance motor in a new form is established, secondly a new analysis of stator linkage flux of the motor is given, which characterizes the motor and plays the essential role for developing new rotor salient-pole orientation methods for sensorless vector controls. Finally in a unified manner based on the inherent characteristics of the flux, six new potential salient-pole orientation methods are developed and proposed.
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  • Jun-ichi Ito, Shin-ichi Ishii
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 219-224
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper proposes a novel single-phase high power factor converter for PM motor drive systems. In the proposed converter, the power supply is connected to the neutral point of the motor, and the three-phase inverter is controlled to act also as a virtual a. c./d. c. converter leg. This virtual leg is controlled by zero-vectors of the three-phase inverter. The main advantage is that input reactor is not necessary, because the leakage inductance of the motor is used instead. The proposed converter can be built using the same number of switching devices as the conventional half-bridge system, and with no need for capacitive leg with accessible neutral point.
    In this paper, the proposed converter is experimentally tested using a 750W PM motor as load. The experimental result shows that the proposed converter can drive PM motor with performance similar to conventional systems, in spite of the power supply current flowing to the neutral point of the motor.
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  • Isamu Yamamoto, Keiju Matsui
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 225-230
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For small capacity rectifier circuits with a small capacity, such as those for consumer electronics and appliances, capacitor input type rectifier circuits are generally used. Consequently, various harmonics generated within the power system become a serious problem. Various studies of this effect have been presented previously. However, most of these employ switching devices, such as FETs and the like. The absence of switching devices makes systems more tolerant to over-load, and brings low radio noise benefits. We propose a power factor correction scheme using a voltage doubler rectifier without switching devices. In this method, the input current is divided into two periods, where the small input capacitor is charged during one period and the large output capacitor through large inductor is charged during the other. By dividing the input current into two different modes, the current conduction period can be widened and harmonics can largely be canceled between the two modes. Hence, the harmonic characteristics can be significantly improved, whereby the lower order harmonics, such as the fifth and seventh orders, are much reduced. The results are confirmed by theoretical and experimental implementations.
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  • Koichi Sakurai, Susumu Fujii, Hiroshi Morita
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 231-238
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Since strict defect control causes both the enhancement of manufacturing yield and the drop of machine operation rate, defect inspection paremeters should be optimized to minimize the production time for a fixed amount of ASIC chips. We propose new manufacturing model which takes account of not only inspection and yield model but also and workflow model. In this paper, as a first step, we study basic characteristics of our model affected by inspection conditions, defect situations and workflow conditions. The numerical experimental results demonstrated that many phenomenon can be calculated only by the model which takes account of both yield and workflow. For an example, control limit of defected die count should be increased about 50% when loading factor chages from 60% to 85%.
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  • Hirokazu Kato, Masamichi Ogasa, Tomoki Watanabe
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 239-244
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Electric railway vehicles now use regenerative brake for normal operation from the top to almost zero speed. As the electrical brake force in the high-speed range is smaller than that in the middle- or low-speed range, however, it cannot sufficiently provide the required brake power. This is because the terminal voltage of inverter cannot exceed the withstand voltage of semiconductor devices. At present, the brake force in the highspeed range mainly depends on the mechanical brake. This causes brake shoe wear and requires maintenance work. We propose to insert an adequate capacitance between inverter and traction induction motor, in order to raise the terminal power factor of the inverter. This method considerably increases electrical brake force and regeneration rate in the high-speed range. Furthermore, this method doesn't need to increase the rated power or the current of the inverter. We show simulation results of this method.
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  • Masaaki Ebihara, Hiromitsu Ishii, Takashi Ono, Toshiro Oshikata
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 245-252
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The suspicion of damage to seepage control sheets used at final disposal sites, in recent years, is a serious social problem. Since the conditions in a landfill change with the progress of landfilling, it is necessary that the detection of the damage be free from the effects of such changes. Based on a method where electrodes placed on a seepage control sheet detect damage by sensing the distribution of electric potentials caused by the electric currents which travel the damaged portions, the authors developed a method to locate the position of damage by comparing measurement data with the distribution of electric potentials inside a landfill which is obtained from computer-aided finite element method analysis, and tried this method on a model disposal site. It was found that this method is effective for detecting damage.
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  • Simple Production of Effects by Filters Accompanied with Vector Rotators
    Shinji Shinnaka
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 253-260
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper proposes a new multivariable filter with variable-frequency characteristics for three-phase signal processing. The filter can make distinction between positive and negative frequencies of three-phase signals and can allow us to process the signals based on frequency polarity. The filter can also change dynamically its filtering characteristics by simply injecting a shift-signal to the filter. The filtering effects equivalent to ones by so-called the filters accompanied with vector rotators are obtained, but in much simpler manner. A unified analysis of attractive general characteristics of the multivariable filter is given for its easy designs and realizations as well. Effectiveness of the analysis and usefulness of the filter are examined and confirmed through experiments. The filter has potential to a variety of three-phase signal filtering applications.
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  • Yoichi Sugita, Masahiro Kayama, Yasuo Morooka
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 261-271
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For large plants such as iron steel, chemical and public institution, we have been studying sensor diagnosis system using the immune network, which is autonomous distributed system known as high scalability and maintainability. Meanwhile, plant time deterioration causes changes to value detected by sensors compared to one detected before. Generally, it is difficult to tell which causes sensor changes, between sensor faults and plant deterioration. In this paper, we describe a diagnosis system that detects sensor and plant deterioration separately using the immune network combined with plant knowledge. After constructing two kinds of network based on plant knowledge, a network for diagnosing plant time deterioration and another for sensor faults, the proposed system operates them sequentially. We also show the efficiency of proposed system with simulations applied to the continuous galvanizing line plant using actual plant data.
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  • Milutin G. Jovanovic, Robert E. Betz
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 272-278
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Brushless doubly-fed machines (BDFMs) have been extensively researched over the last 15 years because they allow the use of a partially rated inverter in many variable speed applications. In its cage form the machine has substantial rotor losses and compromised efficiency. However, a reluctance version of the BDFM, the brushless doubly-fed reluctance machine (BDFRM), ideally has no rotor losses and therefore offers the potential for greater efficiency and much simpler control. To date a truly comprehensive and machine independent theoretical analysis of the BDFRM's optimal control properties has not been carried out. This paper will attempt to fill this void by considering the theoretical performance limitations of various control strategies for the machine, including maximum torque per inverter ampere, maximum torque per total ampere, maximum power factor of the two windings and associated trade-offs.
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  • Kenji Hara, Hirohito Funato, Kenzo Kamiyama
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 279-280
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, the authors will propose a new predictive instantaneous current control method taking into account AC side LC filters in three phase PWM voltage-source rectifiers. This method is based on predeictive-instantaneous-current control, so that the control structure can be very simple. The effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by means of computer simulations.
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  • Naoto Kikuchi, Hiroshi Watanabe, Tokuo Ohnishi, Fumio Harashima
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 281-282
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper proposes an amplitude-modulated inverter with a 3-level DC-DC converter system for utility interactive photovoltaic power system. This system is composed of the DC-DC converter, which generates a fully rectified sinusoidal waveform, and the inverter, which is synchronized with utility system. From the experimental results, we concluded that the proposed system has high efficiency and sinusoidal current with unity power factor in the utility system, and it is useful for utility interactive photovoltaic power system.
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  • Naoyuki Takesue, Junji Furusho
    2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 283-284
    Published: February 01, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two-inertia systems are the vibratory systems which have poles near the imaginary axis. In this paper, we consider the two-inertia system with motor speed feedback, and derive the relationship between the inertia-ratio and the damping property of vibration.
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  • 2001 Volume 121 Issue 2 Pages 293
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: December 19, 2008
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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