IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
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Volume 135, Issue 6
Displaying 1-32 of 32 articles from this issue
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Special Issue on “Motor Drive and its Related Technologies”
Special Issue Paper
  • Position Sensorless Vector Control Method for IPMSM Drives based on Vector Trajectory of Current Estimation Error
    Toshie Kikuchi, Yasushi Matsumoto, Akira Chiba
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 586-595
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.586
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    IPMSM position sensorless drives have been widely used in recent years. These drives should be able to handle low-speed operation. Control methods of IPMSM based on current observers generally assume that the position error is sufficiently small. In this paper, the authors have proposed a new position estimation method based on vector trajectory of the current estimation error. This position estimation method consists of two parts. First, the sign of the position error is estimated based on the outer product of the current estimation error and the reference vector. Next, the amplitude of the position error is calculated from the intersection of two circles determined by motor parameters and the current estimation error. The proposed position sensorless method is implemented on a DSP controller, and the effectiveness of the proposed control method is confirmed experimentally.
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  • Proposed Low-speed Sensorless Control with Symmetrical Carrier PWM
    Sari Maekawa, Yusuke Shibano, Yukihisa Hasegawa, Akihito Kinjo, Hisao ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 596-602
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.596
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    A method for supplying pilot voltages for sensorless control of IPMSMs in the low speed area is proposed. The rotor position is estimated by measuring the current differentials, while pilot voltages are supplied. However, audible noise is produced by the supply.  In this paper, we describe how utilization of the symmetrical carrier PWM and current differential detection method enables us to propose a sensorless drive method that does not apply the pilot voltage intentional.
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  • Position Sensorless Control Method in Low Speed Region for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using the Neutral Point Voltage of Stator Windings
    Yoshitaka Iwaji, Takahiro Suzuki, Ryoichi Takahata, Shigehisa Aoyagi
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 603-610
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.603
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    In this paper, we propose a new sensorless control method using the neutral point voltage of stator windings. Each inductance of the three phase coils of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is slightly changed by the rotor magnet flux. As a result, the neutral point voltage also changes depending on the rotor position. According to this principle, the rotor position can be estimated by detecting the neutral point voltage, even in the zero speed region. We implement this technique and show the experimental results.
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  • A Position Sensorless Vector Control for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Having High Reluctance Torque Ratio
    Yosuke Nakazawa, Keiichiro Kondo, Shun Taniguchi, Kazuya Yasui
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 611-621
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.611
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    A position sensorless vector control is proposed for a permanent-magnet synchronous motor having a high reluctance torque ratio. A new evaluation index created by adding the d-axis and q-axis voltages at a specific ratio is introduced to improve the control stability in the proposed control. A theoretical analysis and experimental results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of the control.
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  • A Method to Design a Damping Control System for a Field Oriented Controlled Induction Motor Traction System for DC Electric Railway Vehicles
    Masashi Yokoo, Keiichiro Kondo
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 622-631
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.622
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    This paper proposes a method to design the damping control system of an inverter-fed induction motor for a DC electric railway vehicle traction system. This system has an LC filter with a lower damping factor on the DC side of the inverter. This causes oscillations in the induction motor current and inverter input voltage. A damping control that can restrain the oscillation is proposed. In order to design the damping control gains, this paper derives and analyzes a linearized model of the control system. The proposed design method is verified by experimental tests with a 0.75-kW-class down-sized model and simulation with an actual traction system.
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  • Improvement of the Electric Energy Consumption of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Drive System Using Three-level Inverter
    Daisuke Sato, Jun-ichi Itoh
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 632-640
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.632
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    This paper discusses the electric energy consumption of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system applied to a two-level inverter or a three-level inverter. The calculation method of energy consumption based on an efficiency map is proposed. First, the energy consumption of the motor drive system is measured. When the three-level inverter is applied, the energy consumption decreases by 3.67% compared with the two-level inverter. Next, it is confirmed that the error ratio between the calculation result and the measurement result is 4.40%. In addition, the energy consumption of the PMSM drive system for hybrid electric vehicles is calculated by the proposed method. Thus, it is clarified that when the three-level inverter is employed, the energy consumption decrease ratio compared with the two-level inverter in the low-speed and low-torque region is higher than that in the other region.
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  • The Study of a Magnetic-Polarity Detection Method for Permanent-Magnet Reluctance Motors
    Shun Taniguchi, Kazuya Yasui, Kazuaki Yuki, Yosuke Nakazawa, Makoto Ma ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 641-647
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.641
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    In this paper, a magnetic-polarity detection method for a permanent-magnet reluctance motor (PRM) is presented. The inductance characteristics of a PRM are different from those of common interior permanent-magnet synchronous motors and are verified by an electromagnetic field analysis. Moreover, a novel magnetic-pole detection method is proposed using the inductance characteristics of a PRM. The proposed method is verified by experiments using a 90-kW PMSM.
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  • Sensorless Pole Detection Method for Wound-field Synchronous Motor
    Akira Satake, Atsuo Haishi, Hisanori Yamasaki
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 648-653
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.648
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    A sensorless pole detection method for wound-field synchronous machines at zero speed is described. By injecting an alternating voltage into the stator winding, the pole position of a rotor is detected from a current in the field winding. The characteristics of this system are clarified, and verified by experiments.
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  • Study on Continued Operation for the Direct-Current Power-Supply Loss for a Rotation-Angle Sensorless PMSM
    Soichiro Kurita, Takuya Horie, Keiichiro Kondo
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 654-661
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.654
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    The interruption of a power supply is one of major technical issues for rotation-angle sensorless control of PMSMs. This causes the inverter operation to stop owing to the voltage drop in the filter capacitor (FC). In order to solve this technical issue, a method is proposed to continue the rotation-angle estimation over a wide speed range and for all types of powe-supply losses. The proposed method is to control the FC voltage in order to continue the operation of the inverter. This method is also applicable, even in the field-weakening control range, by preventing the increase in the FC voltage after power-supply interruption. Experimental results verify that the PMSMs are able to continue operation, even after power-supply interruption over a wide speed range. The results contribute to the increase in opportunities for the application of simple and high-performance PMSM drive systems to various fields.
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  • Position Sensorless Flux-Weakening Control of IPMSMs Based on Flux Model Suitable for Maximum Torque Control
    Atsushi Matsumoto, Masaru Hasegawa, Shinji Doki
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 662-670
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.662
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    In this paper, a novel flux-weakening control method for position sensorless control of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) has been proposed. The discussion of this flux-weakening control method is based on the Ld model, which is a flux model suitable for maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) control. The Ld model is robust to magnetic saturation because it is constructed without q-axis inductance. The proposed flux-weakening control method is also robust to magnetic saturation. Therefore, the position sensorless control system can achieve robustness to magnetic saturation.  First, we introduce the Ld model and the position sensorless control system based on this model. Next, we propose a novel flux-weakening control method suitable for this model. Finally, we carry out some simulations and experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  • The Application of Single-Plus-Mode Inverter to Torque Current Feedback Control of a PMSM in the Field Weakening Range
    Soichiro Kurita, Atsushi Yoshida, Keiichiro Kondo
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 671-678
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.671
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    The influence of linearization on our proposed torque control method for PMSM field weakening control is presented in this paper, and it is revealed that linearization has no impact on the torque control performance theoretically. The torque step responses in the field weakening control region are experimentally examined with a single-pulse-mode inverter with a 1.0kW-class IPMSM. As a results, it is revealed that the proposed torque control method is effective enough to control the PMSM torque accurately even in the field weakening control region.
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Paper
  • Simple Equivalent Circuit for a Wireless Power Transfer System Using a Repeating Coil and Effects Confirming the Simplification in the Output Voltage Estimation
    Hideaki Abe, Toshihiro Akiyama, Mamoru Ozaki, Hiroshi Kohara
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 679-688
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.679
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    Recently, research on wireless power transfer using a repeating coil has been increasing. We derived an output estimation equation with a basic equivalent circuit converted from a practical circuit with a repeating coil. Further, a novel simple equivalent circuit could be obtained by omitting the input resistance of the basic equivalent circuit. In this paper, the simple equivalent circuit is proposed. The output characteristic estimated by the simple equivalent circuit was almost the same as that estimated by the basic equivalent circuit. The characteristic calculated with the simple equivalent circuit was confirmed to be estimated well by measurements from multiple experiments. In addition, from the simple equivalent circuit, the estimation formula for the no-load output voltage could be derived. Furthermore, we investigated the effects on the estimation accuracy due to the omission of a parameter using an equivalent circuit. As a result, when ignoring the magnetic coupling of the nonadjacent coils, a clear difference in the estimation was confirmed. The cause was identified from a simple equivalent circuit.
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  • Mathematical Model and Control Method of Maximum Torque Per Ampere for PMSM in Stator Flux Linkage Synchronous Frame
    Tatsuki Inoue, Yukinori Inoue, Shigeo Morimoto, Masayuki Sanada
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 689-696
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.689
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    Most mathematical models in the d-q frame that consider the magnetic saturation and cross-magnetization effects of a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are complex. The stator flux linkage synchronous frame (M-T frame) has several advantages such as the concise flux-weakening control law, simplicity of calculation, and so on. This paper proposes a mathematical model and control method for the MTPA control law of the direct-torque-controlled PMSM in the M-T frame. The validity of the proposed model and method is confirmed by experimental results.
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  • Unified Theory of Electromagnetic Induction and Magnetic Resonant Coupling
    Takehiro Imura, Yoichi Hori
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 697-710
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.697
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    The difference between electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonant coupling was pointed out in the first proposal of electromagnetic resonant coupling. However, there was no clear technical comparison between the two methods. Therefore, in this study, five circuits are compared by using a phasor diagram, which is a basic and well-known method in electric circuit theory. The transition from typical electromagnetic induction to magnetic resonant coupling is shown. The mechanism of the high efficiency and high power transfer across a large air gap and displacement is discussed, where the primary- and secondary-side resonant frequencies are the same. From the above discussion, we conclude that when the specific conditions of electromagnetic induction are satisfied, the wireless power transfer can be categorized as electromagnetic resonant coupling. The unified theory of electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonant coupling is verified through experiment.
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  • Instantaneous Current Profile Control of Four-Phase SR Motor for Industrial Servo Drives
    Hiroaki Makino, Takashi Kosaka, Shinya Morimotoi, Motomichi Ohto, Nobu ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 711-717
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.711
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    This paper presents instantaneous current profile control of a four-phase switched reluctance (SR) motor for servo drive applications. Generally, a positioning controller for servo drives has torque and adjustable-speed regulators as its inner loop. The proposed instantaneous current controller works as the torque regulator of the SR motor in the low-speed range less than 10% of the rated speed on the assumption that it switches to or from a different torque regulator beyond or within the threshold speed. The proposed instantaneous current controller enables the suppression of the inherent torque ripple of the SR motor and employs voltage PWM control with a fixed switching frequency for tracking the instantaneous current profile with respect to given torque reference. Experimental studies using a 400W SR motor with a four-phase 8/6 configuration demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed instantaneous current profile controller as the inner loop of the positioning controller for servo drives.
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  • Dynamic Control and Analysis of Dc-Capacitor Voltage Fluctuations in Three-Phase Active Power Filters
    Tomoyuki Mannen, Hideaki Fujita, Kunihiro Akiyama, Teruhisa Toyota, Ya ...
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 718-724
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.718
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    This paper proposes a new control method for three-phase active power filters to reduce the dc capacitor voltage fluctuations caused by a quick load change. The new control method introduces a new k-step compensator, which maintains the mean active power at zero every 1/(k-1) ac line period. Therefore, the compensator can suppress the transient voltage fluctuations across the dc capacitor, even when a quick load change occurs. This paper theoretically reveals the relationship between the step number k and the reduction of the dc voltage fluctuations. The experimental setup introducing the proposed 7-step compensator exhibits good suppression of the dc voltage fluctuations and makes it possible to reduce the required capacitance of the dc capacitor by a factor of seven.
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  • Torque Ripple Reduction Design of Concentrated-Winding IPMSM with New Flux Barrier for Saliency-Based Sensorless Drives
    Yoshiaki Kano, Takashi Kosaka, Nobuyuki Matsui, Toshihito Nakanishi
    2015 Volume 135 Issue 6 Pages 725-733
    Published: June 01, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.135.725
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    This paper presents a torque ripple reduction design of a concentrated-winding IPMSM with a new flux barrier for saliency-based sensorless drives. The proposed IPMSM is designed for use in general-purpose sensorless industrial drives. In order to reduce torque ripple, its rotor employs a V-shape-magnet arrangement and circular flux barrier which is placed at the center of a rotor yoke between N- and S-poles. A 45-Nm 5.5-kW IPMSM is manufactured as a prototype in order to confirm the design validity, and experimental studies using the prototype demonstrate the expected drive characteristics and validate the proposed design procedure.
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