IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
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Volume 125, Issue 3
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
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Paper
  • Characteristic of an AC Chopper Circuit with LC Filters in the Input and Output Side
    Takayuki Shinyama, Makoto Kawai, Akihiro Torii, Akiteru Ueda
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 205-211
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.205
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    LC filters are connected both input and output side of the AC chopper circuit in order to remove the switching ripple and harmonics. Characteristics of THD and input-power-factor are examined by simulation and experiments. When the load is resistive, characteristics are little influenced by the filters. In case of the inductive load, since two poles exist owing to the input and output filters, waveform distortion becomes large. It is shown that THD can be improved by reducing input filter capacitance.
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  • A New Current Control Method for Energy-Efficient/Wide-Speed-Range Drive of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor
    Shinji Shinnaka
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 212-220
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.212
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    This paper proposes a new current control method for energy-efficient and/or wide-speed-range drive of salient-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor. The proposed method is distinguished from conventional ones by the following features. 1) The original command is a signed current norm. 2) The exact d-axis and q-axis current commands that perform energy-efficient and/or wide-speed-range drive are analytically and simply determined from the singed current norm command. 3) For speed control mode, the system turns out to be nonlinear, but its stability can be guaranteed based on Popov's stability theorem. 4) It can be applied for a mode similar to torque control. 5) Current limitation can be carried out accurately but very simply. Concrete analytical d-axis and q-axis current commands are presented, which satisfy exactly one of three optimum current control codes such as maximum torque, maximum power factor, and voltage limitation. A design method for PI speed controller that guarantees system stability is also presented.
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  • Control Performance of Single-Phase STATCOM and BTB by Three-Level Inverters
    Shinzo Tamai, Hirofumi Akagi
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 221-228
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.221
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    The so-called three level inverters have been widely used for industry applications because of high-voltage output ability and low harmonic contents. These applications are mainly suitable for ac motor drives. Nowadays, attention has been paid to larger-capacity inverters applicable to power system control. This paper describes their applications to power systems. First, harmonic analysis of a three-level inverter is achieved under the condition that its two dc capacitor voltages are unbalanced. Second, a control method for balancing the two dc capacitor voltages is described. Finally, applications of single-phase three-level inverters to STATCOM and BTB are introduced. Their control performance is confirmed by computer simulation.
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  • Electric Characteristics of 5kV Novel 4H-SiC “SEMOSFET"
    Katsunori Asano, Toshihiko Hayashi, Daisuke Takayama, Yoshitaka Sugawa ...
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 229-235
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.229
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    A Novel 4H-SiC SEMOSFET (Static channel Expansion MOSFET) was developed. This SEMOSFET has buried gate in addition to MOS gate. By applying a buried gate voltage of less than built-in potential, its channel can be expanded and low specific on resistance was realized. Developed 4H-SiC SEMOSFET has a high performances, such as high blocking voltage, BV, of 5020V, low specific on-resistance, “RonS" of 88mΩcm2 and switching speed of less than 35ns. In all reported FETs with MOS structure, the SEMOSFET has the best trade-off between RonS and BV and the largest figure of merit of 286MW/cm2. Its RonS is about 1/140th that of the theoretical limit of Si MOSFET for this BV.
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  • An Application of PWM Inverter Power Supply for Flash Welding
    Yukihiko Sato, Muneaki Ishida
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 236-244
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.236
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    It is well known that it is important to keep flashing continuous just before upsetting for high quality of weld joint in flash welding.
    To achieve continuous flashing, mechanical control has been applied.
    As mechanical flashing control has a limit of response for more precise control, an application of power electronics, especially, PWM inverter is discussed for flash welding.
    Flashing phenomena supplied with square wave AC voltage source are discussed, and based on the results, flashing phenomena control strategy is proposed by use of PWM inverter power supply, in this paper.
    The results are summarized as follows;1 PWM inverter enables to control flashing phenomena in half a cycle.
    2 PWM inverter control for continuous flashing and resistance heating with a few flashing are proposed.
    3 PWM inverter control for flash process in flash welding is proposed.
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  • Design of PID Fuzzy Controller for Electric Vehicle Brake Control System Based on Parallel Structure of PI Fuzzy and PD Fuzzy
    Masanori Sugisaka, Zacharie Mbaïtiga
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 245-252
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.245
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    There exist several problems in the control of vehicle brake including the development of control logic for anti-lock braking system (ABS), base-braking and intelligent braking. Here we study the intelligent braking control where we seek to develop a controller that can ensure that the braking torque commended by the driver will be achieved. In particular, we develop, a new PID Fuzzy controller (PIDFC) based on parallel operation of PI Fuzzy and PD Fuzzy control. Two fuzzy rule bases are constructed by separating the linguistic control rule for PID Fuzzy control into two parts: The first part is e-Δe and the second part is Δ2e-Δe respectively. Then two Fuzzy controls employing these rules bases individually are synthesized and run in parallel. The incremental control input is determined by taking weighted mean of the outputs of two Fuzzy controls. The result, which proves the merit of the proposed method are compared to those found in the previous research.
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  • A Method for Estimating Initial Pole Position of Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Pulse Voltage
    Shu Yamamoto, Takahiro Ara
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 253-258
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.253
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    The initial pole position must be estimated for speed sensor-less vector control of PM motors. This paper presents a method to estimate initial pole position for Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (SPMSM). For estimating the initial pole position, we utilize Fourier transformation for detecting the inductance change caused by rotor magnetic saliency. The six inductances, obtained by Fourier transformation of the voltage and current measured when a pulse voltage is applied to the motor armature winding respectively, will directly provide the exact information of pole position. The polar distinction is also carried out using Fourier transformation on the basis of the inductance change caused by magnetic saturation. Experimental results on a 0.3-kW 8-pole SPMSM demonstrate the validity of the proposed method. Although no machine was coupled with the tested motor, there was no change in rotor position during pole position estimation. In polar distinction, the maximum rotor position change was only 1.38 electric degrees. A method to estimate initial pole position without a motor voltage sensor is also discussed.
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  • Adaptive Finite Element Meshing at Each Iterative Calculation for Electromagnetic Field Analysis of Rotating Machines
    Katsumi Yamazaki, Shinjiro Watari, Toshihiro Saeki, Yoshinori Sugiura
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 259-269
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.259
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    In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm of the nonlinear time-stepping finite element method for analyses of rotating machines. In the method, the adaptive finite element meshing is applied at each nonlinear and time-stepping iterative calculation with the interpolate calculations of the potentials from the previous step. The primary finite element mesh at each time step is obtained from the final mesh of the previous time step with minor modification due to the movement of the rotor. The proposed method is applied to the characteristics calculations of a permanent magnet motor and an induction motor to verify the validity and the usefulness. It is clarified that the proposed method gives almost identical results of the conventional adaptive meshing method whereas the calculation time is reduced as less than 1/10 in most cases. As a result, the proposed method can reduce not only the time of making mesh manually but also the calculation time compared with the usual finite element method without adaptive meshing.
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  • Analysis of HB Type Vernier Motor
    Hiroshi Suda, Yoshitaro Matsushima, Li Xu, Yoshihisa Anazawa
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 270-276
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.270
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    Direct drive motors are used as actuators in numerous applications in which they must rotate at low speeds with high torque and low torque ripple. Recently, various types of vernier motor have been developed. The HB type vernier motor is one of them. The structure of rotor is the same as HB type stepping motor. Our model of HB type vernier motor has a winding as field system in the rotor, but stator has three-phase windings.
    Relationship between S, R and P is S ± P/2=R/2, where S, R and P are the numbers of stator and rotor slots and the number of poles. The rotor of the vernier motor moves at a sub-multiple of the angular velocity of the stator mmf. The multiplying factor is P/R.
    As a result of analysis, the voltage equation on the γ-δ axis of HB type vernier motor is equal to general synchronous machine. The tests were performed on the trial motor. The calculated pull-out torque agreed well with the measured values. Our model of HB type vernier motor is equivalent with the PM type vernier motor which has permanent magnets in the rotor. The result of this analysis is useful for the design of both types of vernier motor.
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  • A Servo System to improve the Playability of Optical Disk Drive
    Eiji Yokoyama
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 277-285
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.277
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    A control system which improves playability of optical disk drives is proposed. The system estimates the state variables such as a sensor-less disturbance observer and feeds them back to the controller. This approach improved control performance toward the defects on the optical disk by the feedback control of the estimated velocity. Furthermore, the influence of an acceleration disturbance to act on the drive and the influence of acceleration caused by physical distortion of the optical disk are suppressed by the feedback control of the estimated disturbance. It is proved that, by applying this control system to the tracking servo system of CD players, the control errors against the acceleration disturbance and the radial run-out of the disk were eliminated and that, as a result, abnormal sound skips never occurred on the defective disks. This control system is one of the key technology toward the realization of the high density optical disk drives.
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  • A Study on Estimating the Aiming Angle Error of Millimeter Wave Radar for Automobile
    Hiroshi Kuroda, Fumihiko Okai, Kazuaki Takano
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 286-292
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.286
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    The 76GHz millimeter wave radar has been developed for automotive application such as ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) and CWS (Collision Warning System). The radar is FSK (Frequency Shift Keying) monopulse type. The radar transmits 2 frequencies in time-duplex manner, and measures distance and relative speed of targets. The monopulse feature detects the azimuth angle of targets without a scanning mechanism. Conventionally a radar unit is aimed mechanically, although self-aiming capability, to detect and correct the aiming angle error automatically, has been required. The new algorithm, which estimates the aiming angle error and vehicle speed sensor error simultaneously, has been proposed and tested. The algorithm is based on the relationship of relative speed and azimuth angle of stationary objects, and the least squares method is used for calculation. The algorithm is applied to measured data of the millimeter wave radar, resulting in aiming angle estimation error of less than 0.6 degree.
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  • Novel Electromagnetic Structure with Bypass Magnetic Path for Reset Switch
    Katsuhiro Hirata, Yoshitaka Ichii, Yoshihiro Kawase
    2005 Volume 125 Issue 3 Pages 293-296
    Published: 2005
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2005
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.125.293
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    This paper presents a novel magnetic structure for a switch equipped with an electromagnetic reset function. This structure contains a bypass magnetic path which is separated from the main magnetic path for the permanent magnet so that the magnetic flux excited by the current can increase substantially to improve the efficiency when the reset operation is performed. The characteristics of the attractive force of this model are calculated by the 3-D finite element method and are compared with a usual rocker switch with the reset function. The calculation results clarify the effectiveness of this structure.
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