IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications
Online ISSN : 1348-8163
Print ISSN : 0913-6339
ISSN-L : 0913-6339
Volume 131, Issue 12
Displaying 1-28 of 28 articles from this issue
Paper
  • Paolo Tenti, Alessandro Costabeber, Paolo Mattavelli
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1364-1372
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Smart grids offer a wide application domain for power electronics. In fact, every distributed generator (DG) includes an electronic power processor (Switching Power Interface, SPI) which controls the currents drawn from the grid and can be driven to optimize the power flow, improve voltage stability and increase distribution efficiency. For these aims, such distributed SPIs must perform cooperatively. This is true also in low-voltage residential micro-grids, where the number of active DGs and the generated power may vary during daytime, thus requiring dynamic adaptation of SPI operation. To achieve this goal different approaches can be adopted, depending on the available communication capability. This paper discusses various control solutions applicable in absence of supervisory control, e. g., in residential micro-grids, where communication is possible between neighbor units only (surround control) or is not available at all (plug & play control).
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  • Takehiro Imura
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1373-1382
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, expectations from the technology of wireless power transfer via magnetic resonant coupling have increased. Magnetic resonant coupling is a new technology that achieves power transfers across a large air gap by using transmitting and receiving antennas. However, repeater antennas enable power transmission across even larger distance. These repeater antennas without cross coupling can be expressed as a T-type equivalent circuit. The equivalent circuit including cross coupling and mutual inductance, which is related to the antenna position, has not been studied. This paper proposes a novel way to represent the repeater antenna by equivalent circuit and a way to determine the mutual inductance and verified by performing electromagnetic field analysis and an experiment.
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  • Yugo Kashihara, Jun-ichi Itoh
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1383-1392
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper describes the loss analysis and capacitor designing method for an active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) multilevel inverter. The ANPC circuit topology is a combination of a neutral-point-clamp circuit and flying capacitor circuit topologies. This circuit requires lesser number of components than conventional multilevel converters. Loss analysis is performed using mathematical expressions. The analysis results of the losses agreed with the experimental results.
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  • Hidemine Obara, Masamu Kamaga, Takumi Ito, Yukihiko Sato
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1393-1400
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Multi-level converters can essentially reduce harmonics even when their switching frequency is low. Among the various topologies of the multi-level converters, flying capacitor converters are considered to be promising converters for realizing high power density. However, the main circuit of the flying capacitor converters has many capacitors. Therefore, in this study, the volume of the capacitors in the flying capacitor converters is determined by taking into consideration the allowable ripple voltage and temperature rise in the capacitor.
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  • Masayuki Sanada, Yukinori Inoue, Shigeo Morimoto
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1401-1407
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, the use of permanent magnet (PM) motors has increased remarkably because of improvements in the performance of the rare-earth PM motor. However, the use of rare-earth materials, which is an important aspect of the high-performance PM motor, should be reduced because of the high cost and the unpredictability involved in procuring such materials. The performance of motors that use rare-earth materials has reached a very high level, which will not be easy to match without such materials. In this paper, we propose a structure for a high-power-density PM-assisted synchronous reluctance motor involving the use of a ferrite PM. The structure prevents irreversible demagnetization of the PM even the presence of heavy flux-weakening excitation or an inverter fault. It is clarified that the proposed structure achieves high-power and high-efficiency performances.
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  • Tadashi Hirayama, Tsuyoshi Higuchi
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1408-1415
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In a previous paper, we proposed a novel linear synchronous motor with half-wave-rectified self-excitation. The long-stator-type linear synchronous motor was built, and its performance was verified by performing experiments. This paper presents a new current control method for the linear synchronous motor for achieving a wide range of speeds and high-power operations. First, we propose the current control method for high-thrust operation in the constant-thrust region. This operation is realized by using a reluctance thrust resulting from the saliency of the linear synchronous motor. Furthermore, we propose a control method that maximizes the ratio of the thrust to the voltage; this method can be used to expand the operating range. Wide-range-speed operation can be achieved by applying this new control method along with field-weakening control. The thrust and operation characteristics of the proposed control methods are estimated by performing experiments and an electric and magnetic coupled analysis.
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  • Takanori Kato, Yoshihiro Maeda, Makoto Iwasaki, Hiromu Hirai
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1416-1423
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a novel design for robust 2-degrees-of-freedom (2-DOF) positioning controller that is robust against frequency perturbations in mechanical vibration modes. The authors have already proposed a coordinate design approach between feedforward (FF) and feedback (FB) controllers for achieving the robust positioning performance. In the conventional design, however, the overshoot and/or undershoot responses at the settling still remained because of variations in the FB control performance in the presence of frequency perturbations, resulting in the deterioration of positioning performance. In this study, therefore, a coordinate design considering the FB control performance is applied to improve the robustness in the positioning performance. The effectiveness of the proposed controller design has been verified by numerical simulations and experiments using a prototype of the galvano scanner.
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  • Makoto Hagiwara, Hui Peng, Hirofumi Akagi
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1424-1432
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper describes a modular multilevel cascade inverter based on double-star chopper-cells (MMCI-DSCC) for a medium-voltage motor drive with a passive front end. Unlike the traditional two-level PWM inverter, the DSCC can operate without common dc-link capacitors because the DSCC itself possesses energy-storage components. However, a certain amount of switching-ripple voltage is generated in the common dc link when a passive front end is utilized. In this paper, the attenuation of the switching-ripple voltage by using a dc passive filter consisting of a series-connected film capacitor and resistor is attempted. A 400-V, 15-kW downscaled model is utilized to confirm the suitability of the design procedure developed in this paper. Experimental results show that the switching-ripple voltage can be attenuated satisfactorily by a small-capacity film capacitor. Moreover, the loss of the filter is negligible compared to the rated power of 15kW.
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  • —Control of Active Power and Negative-Sequence Reactive Power—
    Makoto Hagiwara, Ryo Maeda, Hirofumi Akagi
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1433-1441
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents the application of a modular multilevel cascade converter based on single-delta bridge-cells (MMCC-SDBC) to a STATic synchronous COMpensator (STATCOM), particularly for negative-sequence reactive-power control. The SDBC is characterized by cascade connection of multiple single-phase H-bridge (or full-bridge) converter cells per leg, which facilitates flexible circuit design, low voltage steps, and low electro-magnetic interference (EMI) emissions. However, there is no published report on such a STATCOM with experimental verification or a control strategy. This paper designs, constructs, and tests a 100-V 5-kVA PWM STATCOM based on the SDBC with focus on the operating principle and performance. Experimental results confirm that this converter can control not only the positive-sequence reactive power but also the negative-sequence reactive power and low-frequency active power intended for the flicker compensation of arc furnaces.
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  • Takeshi Nishida, Tetsuzo Sakamoto, Nicola Ivan Giannoccaro
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1442-1450
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Web transport systems for transporting films, textile material, paper, etc., are usually large-scale systems. The velocity and the tension of web are controlled by dividing the systems into several subsystems in which strong coupling exists between the velocity and tension control. A self-tuning PI (STPI) controller with an estimator based on a novel adaptive particle swarm optimization method is constructed, and it is applied for controlling an actual web transport system. The controllers are designed the basis of the methodology of the overlapping decentralized control by taking into consideration online executions performed by a general computer. The effectiveness of the constructed control system is verified on the basis of several experimental results obtained by using an actual experimental web transport system.
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  • Keiji Wada, Masashi Kudo, Satoshi Uchida
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1451-1456
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a power supply for the micro-sterilization system; the power supply involves the use of a microdevice. The power supply circuit produces both pulse voltage and sinusoidal voltage. The pulse voltage is used for pulsed electric field (PEF) sterilization, and the sinusoidal voltage is needed for dielectrophoresis (DEP). MOSFETs are used in the PEF circuit, and operational amplifiers are used in the DEP circuit. A structure for the microdevice which can generate electric fields of 10∼20kV/cm is proposed. In addition, a low-inductance structure is designed for the microdevice since the inductance has a some effect on the rise time of the pulse voltage. Moreover, a high-speed gate drive circuit is also used in the PEF circuit along with a digital isolator. As a result, a pulse voltage with a pulse width of 70ns and a rise time of 9ns can be generated by the miocrodevice (10mm × 10mm × 200µm). Moreover the output sinusoidal voltage of the power supply can be set to 5V.
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  • Hideki Iwanaga, Hiroshi Inujima
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1457-1464
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Insulation tests for the stator coil, which decides the motor life, are carried out once several years in power and industrial plant. In the case of high voltage (HV) motors, insulation failure may adversely affect plant operation. Hence, maintenance activities, including insulation tests, research on insulation deterioration, and online Partial Discharge (PD) monitoring, are actively pursued for HV motors.
    On the other hand, the maintenance of low voltage (LV) motors is restricted to breakdown maintenance (BDM) because (1) a large number of LV motors are in operation in plants and (2) maintenance activities are relatively more expensive than those for HV motors. In this paper, the results of a study on insulation deterioration detection for LV motors are presented. For the deterioration detection, the deference in Zero-Sequence current waveforms between normal conditions and fault conditions is analyzed. This method helps in decreasing the maintenance cost and in online insulation diagnosis for LV motors.
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  • Tsuneo Takegami, Kazuo Tsuboi, Isao Hirotsuka, Masanori Nakamura
    2011 Volume 131 Issue 12 Pages 1465-1475
    Published: December 01, 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: December 01, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A three-phase line-start permanent-magnet synchronous motor (three-phase LSPMM) is expected to operate with ultrahigh efficiency because it can start as an induction motor and can then operate as a permanent-magnet synchronous motor. In a previous study, we developed a practical analytical theory for a three-phase LSPMM on the basis of a tensor analysis.
    Then, we developed (1) a method for calculating the asynchronous starting characteristics and synchronous operating characteristics of the three-phase LSPMM on the basis of the developed analytical theory and (2) a method for determining the constants of the three-phase LSPMM. Herein, we report the results of a comparison between the calculated and measured asynchronous starting characteristics and synchronous operating characteristics of a test three-phase LSPMM. The comparison results show that the developed calculation method is highly efficient and that the results obtained by using it are sufficiently precise, and therefore, the method is suitable for practical use. Furthermore, we propose a method for improving the starting performance of the three-phase LSPMM, on the basis of simulations performed using the calculation method.
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