This article proposes a community renewal strategy named ‘cultural restored, community repaired'. It aims to emphasize the interaction between culture and community, promotes community renewal quality through the use of culture, and promotes the culture development by community renewal. ‘cultural restored' is the core idea, include material culture restored, institutional culture restored, and spiritual culture restored, they can correspond to the methods of ‘community repaired', which are space network repaired, governance network repaired, and social network repaired. In this work, the author chooses Caohuajie community in Chongqing as a case, which already got renewed by using this strategy, to discuss the feasibility and effectiveness of this strategy.

This study aims to analyze the design of the artist gardens at the Seoul Garden Show based on planting patterns by identifying the relationships among plants and species of plants. The author selected 10 artworks as the study subject, preferentially targeting cases with clear drawings and those having at least 20 herbaceous plants among the gardens created for the Seoul Garden Show held at the World Cup Park in Sangam-dong, Seoul. The author used Net Miner 4.0, a social network analysis program, to examine the direct connection among plantings. Furthermore, the study analyzed the degree of connection and centrality, which could be helpful in explaining the types of plant materials and characteristics of planting patterns among the index that were available for the design analysis. According to the results of this analysis, I derived the plants of the upper groups based on the degree and degree centrality. Simultaneously, the upper groups were designated up to the third rank. An in-depth study of the characteristics and meanings of the plants of the upper groups was then undertaken. To summarize the results of the study, chrysanthemum was found to be the plant with the highest degree centrality, followed by willow herb. In the case of planting with the highest degree for each artwork, approximately 10 species or more are connected. However, it was difficult to find a similar pattern of planting method among the artworks. This is probably due to the characteristics of the Seoul Garden Show because they had to present a powerful theme in a small area and use appropriate plant concepts to meet the goal. However, chrysanthemum types, Shrubs, herbaceous plants with distinctive leaves, and herbaceous plants with distinctive flowers exhibited a higher degree of connection than the other plants.

This study develops a multi-objective planning model for Green transit oriented development (Green TOD) from the aspect of overall review of urban planning, which aims to generate planning alternatives for land use allocation, bikeway design and water resource allocation. The objectives of the model are maximizing the development density, maximizing the mixed land use, maximizing the biophilic open space, maximizing the bikeway accessibility, minimizing the parking demand, maximizing the benefit of resource allocating and minimizing the rezoning scale of available land. The following constrains are considered in the model including rezoning feasibility of overall review, compatible land use allocation, minimum allocated scale and maximum allocated capacity, budget limit, identification of transit station area and bikeway continuities. The revised minimum deviation method with different weight settings were used to search the non-inferior solutions for a numerical case built by this study to verify the applicability of the proposed model. Finally, scenario analysis was conducted to explore the characteristics of the model. The result found that some of the objectives, which cannot be integrated due to the difference of planning concept and decision making problem, feature of non-trade-off relationship. Approaches of high density development and environmentally friendly development can be applied to pursue the integrated benefit according to this characteristic. Furthermore, Scenario analysis showed that budget amount influences the planning flexibility and trade-off degree significantly. Budgeting should therefore be dealt appropriately base on the current zoning to ensure the achievement of planning preference.

As seen historically, a War or a Natural Disaster brought devastating destruction to the place where the misfortune took place. The Atomic bombing of Hiroshima and The Great East Japan Earthquake, The Chins Tangshan Earthquake and The Great Wenchuan Earthquake are the cases. The function of the Relief to the cities suffered the disasters and the function of the architects' activities in construction rebuilding should never be overlooked. Hiroshima is about to begin its 70th year after the atomic bombing. The history of the restoration of Hiroshima will be close referenced to the reconstruction of the areas suffering from natural disasters in the future. This paper taking the reconstruction of the Hiroshima as objects of this study, researching by documentary investigations and interviews and investigations on the spot, analyzing reconstruction of the seismic areas and the architects' activities as well as the function of these consequent effects. Through the research following findings were obtained. We can observe that most of the building activity that occurred in the burned ruins immediately after the bombing event was performed by local design offices. The vigorous activity of the local design offices deserves attention and should not be overlooked as a subject of research to better understand the reconstruction of the local city. Although many buildings in the reconstruction process were constructed by others, a major role was played by local design offices. On August 06, 1949, the Hiroshima Peace Memorial City Construction Law was promulgated and two major competitions—the Peace Memorial Cathedral competition and the Hiroshima Peace Center competition—were conducted. These competitions not only played a significant role in promoting the full-scale reconstruction of Hiroshima but also played a major role in the development of post-war apanese architecture. From the early mid-1950s, when the Hiroshima Peace Center and the Peace Memorial Cathedral began to be built, we can observe that a non-Hiroshima Japanese architect or the design office and leading general contractors began to seriously enter the architectural arena in Hiroshima.

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has embarked on an ambitious plan of nation-building transforming the landscape of the country. Whereas Abu Dhabi and Dubai with their modern architecture promote an international urban lifestyle, the third largest city in UAE, Al-Ain offers a relaxed, Oasis/villa experience a form of revival to Andrea Palladio's mansions during the Renaissance era. Recent housing developments segregate around the city's mountain, and consist of about 11,000 large Mediterranean-styled villas with extensive green landscaping and an artificial canal in the desert. Although these developments are not culturally foreign, since they emulate decisions of Islamic/Arab palatial complexes such as Alhambra in Spain the scarcity of water resources and the growing interest in Western/Renaissance-styled landscaping question the notion of sustainability of a city in a desert environment. We examine urban expansion of Al Ain city in light of the constraints imposed by scarce water resources. As a case study, we investigate the water requirements for the central oasis area in Al Ain and simulate the flow condition in the falaj complex channel system using the 2D hydrodynamic Finite Element Surface Water Modelling System (FESWMS). Today reviving ideas such as integration of nature into cities, green infrastructure constitutes the fundamentals of sustainable urbanism. Developing awareness of the importance of traditional landscape and reviving the falaj irrigation system offers a hybridization between societal needs for upscale Mediterranean styled villas and retention of Emirati cultural values and traditions. Our study offers alternative landscapes to open lawns irrigated by sprinkler systems and recommendations in line with the Estidama guidelines—the UAE's Sustainability Design and Construction regulations guidelines.