Recently, increased number of divorce has been reported. To prevent a divorce and to build a happy marital life, premarital readiness assessment and appropriate support including premarital counseling is needed. This study aimed to develop a premarital readiness assessment scale (Partners Test) for premarital couples. Partners Test comprised three questionnaires: a 30-item Partners comprising 6 subscales (Communication, Personality Trait, Sexual Role, Sense of Relief, Dominance, and Finance), a 21-item Personality Test consisting of 4 subscales (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness), and a 9-item FACES Ⅲ revised version consisting of 2 subscales (Cohesion and Adaptability). Participants were 180 pairs of couples (180 males and 180 females). Kmeans cluster analysis using couples' agreement scores of 12 sub-scales divided 180 couples into three clusters: “High agreement in Communication”(Cluster 1), “Disagreement in Communication and Sense of Relief ” (Cluster 2), and “High agreement in all sub-scales” (Cluster 3). Couples of Cluster 2 revealed a less satisfaction in couple relationship, a poor skill of communication and conflict resolution, an insufficient understanding of self-and-other, which suggested the necessity of premarital counseling to enhance these skills. A multi regression analysis revealed positive path relations from Communication, Sense of Relief, Extroversion, and Cohesion to Satisfaction in married life.

　　Diverse ways have been conducted to solute family violence. One of the ways is to predict and prevent high-risk families from family violence. In order to predict these families, it is essential to assess poor family relationships. However, there is no appropriate index to assess them.

　　Previous works point out that deviant domestic relationships are one of the main factors to erupt in family violence. It is also confirmed conceptually that deviant relationships in a family are related to deviant names in the same family. Therefore it is assumed that deviant addresses in a family might be a suitable marker to assess family violence.

　　Questionnaire method was conducted in the first study. The results of the study were following:

1. ‘Deviant’ names were positively correlated with family violence. 2. ‘Unbound’ name groups, where a speaker never regulated relationships between him and another person, did severe violence. On the other hand, “inconsistency in a model’ name groups, where a parent’s nick name was different between sons or daughters, did mild violence. ‘Bizarre’ name groups, where a family member was called a bizarre term, did moderate violence. 3. Speakers who called another family member as “Omae” conducted violence to the member.

　　The second research interviewed subjects. Results were summarized as follows: 1.‘Deviant’names possessed higher reliability. 2. These names possessed higher differential validity. Especially, results suggested that ‘unbound’ name groups were related with family violence. On the other hand, they implied “inconsistency in a model’ groups were involved with family problems without violence. Besides they showed that results of ‘bizarre’ name groups combined with both ‘unbound’ group results and “inconsistency in a model’ group results.　3. In the area of criterion-related validity, results were similar to differential validity results. Therefore, ‘unbound’ ones had positive correlation with sour family relationships and the number of family. Meanwhile “inconsistency in a model’ ones had negative correlation with power of parents. The results of ‘bizarre’ ones also combined with both ‘unbound’ group results and “inconsistency in a model’ group results.

　　These researches gave suggestions that “inconsistency in a model’ group was involved with family problems without violence, while ‘unbound’ name group was related with family violence. Further studies should seek improvements on the following; briefly, they are required to prove rates of concordance between siblings or between children and parents, predictable validity of family violence and problems, and criterion-related validity with other assessment tools.

　　In the field of psychotherapy and counseling, the movement of psychotherapy integration has been actively discussed for the last 20 years. Integration of individual and family therapies is one of the most interesting topics in this movement, especially for family therapists.

　　The purpose of this paper is to explore effective ways to incorporate the methodology of individual interviews into family conjoint interviews, and vice versa. The aim of the integration described here is to generate more effective therapeutic procedures for a broader range of clients.

　　In this paper, a case study of an adolescent client, who has been socially withdrawn for four years, is presented and discussed from the point of integrating different types of interviews. The family members are sometimes interviewed individually by the therapist, and, on other occasions, they are also asked to sit together in the same room (with the client), and try to have a meaningful conversation among the members.

　　While individual interview is generally effective in finding and confirming self-identification, family interviews are of great use in order to have better understanding of other members' thoughts and emotions within the family. Importantly, seeing clients in the setting of family therapy, prior to individual interviews, brings a substantial change of atmosphere in the therapy room, and has clients keep a favorable image of family meetings in their own minds. In other words, appropriate and well-scheduled integration of different types of interviews may make individuals become ready for the family work.

　　This study examined the relation between perception of fathers in the family and family function among university students employing the Family System Test (FAST). Gender differences reported in previous studies using the FAST were also examined.

　　Sixty-five university students participated in the present study. They were administered the FAST and the Family Function Questionnaire. The results showed a significant association between perception of fathers in the family hierarchy and family function. Young adults who view their fathers as having more power than mothers and than themselves in the family had higher scores on the subscales of ‘positive perception of family’ and ‘problem solving.’ This result suggests that the difference between the father figure and self figure, instead of the difference between the lower parent figure and highest child figure, should be the hierarchy assessed by the FAST. In this way, the assessment by FAST could be made more suitable for Japanese family.

　　Regarding gender differences, the present study showed that women evaluate their relationship with parents as closer than men do. This result suggests that family structure perceived by women tends to be either of the ‘Balanced’ or ‘Unbalanced’ type, which could be one of the reasons that the original FAST categorization system seems to be unsuitable for the Japanese sample. In the future, the researchers using the FAST categorization should consider men and women separately.

　　For the junior high school student who lived in children protective institution, questionnaire survey was carried out. The effect of “recognition for the emotional relation with the staff member of facilities” and “recognition for the emotional relation with the family” on “well-being of the junior high school student” was clarified to be a purpose. In the analysis of the data, entrance age to the children protective institution was divided into 3-year-old or less, 9-year-old 4-year-old, three groups over 10- year-old.

　　In the group of 3-year-old or less, the result showed that the relation with the facilities staff member regulated “well-being of the junior high school student ”.In the group over 10-year-old, it was proven that the relation with the family regulated “well-being of the junior high school student ”.

　　The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the images of parents as perceived by university students and the level of family satisfaction, based on developmental tasks. Subjects included 217 university students. I asked them to express the images that they have for their parents using the family image test (FIT) and rate the level of family satisfaction they felt using the family satisfaction scale. Next, I analyzed the relationship between these two factors. The main results obtained are described below.

　　Several students reported having a stronger connection with their mothers compared with their fathers. However, those who had strong connections with their fathers were more satisfied with their family, which suggests the importance of connection with fathers. Moreover, several students perceived greater closeness between the father and mother than the parent and child, had a boundary the two generation. Those who had an image of strong connection and closeness between their parents reported a high level of family satisfaction. This indicates that the relationship between parents triggers positive emotions, which indirectly results in a high level of family satisfaction. Therefore, it is important to consider relationships between parents as well as the relationships with themselves. This will help lay the foundation of the family as a unit. The integration of all these factors is important in the field of clinical psychology.

　　We believe that establishing a clear boundary between the two generations, especially during adolescence. At the same time, there should ideally exist a good relationship between the parents themselves. These characteristics were observed in the family images that showed a high level of family satisfaction in this study. In addition, this study indicates that the emotions associated with family images can be guessed using the family image test (FIT).