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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
Cover25-
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
613-
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Index
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
614-
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Takashi Mimura
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
615-616
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Yuuichi Amagai
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
617-618
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Rika Hirano
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
619-620
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Takashi Yamaishi
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Yoshio Nakashima
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
622-623
Published: September 01, 2005
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In order to reduce the number of traffic accidents in Japan, the Special Committee on Traffic Visual Environment in Bad Weather was organized by inviting, as members, many distinguished specialists from related fields. The Committee engaged in research on traffic visual environment in bad weather for three years from April 2001 to March 2004. We hope that the Committee's report will contribute to preventing traffic accidents in bad weather.
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Shoji Kobayashi
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
624-631
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The traffic accident frequency rate of highways is three times higher at nighttime and 10 times higher at nighttime with rainy weather when compared with that of daytime. Every year, cases of serious multiple collisions in dense fog or adverse winter weather are reported. So far, there have been no studies or analyses that systematically treat various aspects of traffic safety and traffic visual environments. This paper outlines traffic visual environments in adverse weather, using photographs and figures : and discusses related problems from the viewpoints of traffic visual environments and driving engineering.
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Kazuhiko Ando
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
632-636
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This paper analyzes and discusses facts on traffic accidents that occurred under deteriorated vision conditions (e.g. rain, fog, nighttime), as well as noteworthy points on these facts, based on statistics and past studies on weather conditions and traffic accidents.
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Kenji Fujinami
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
637-640
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Adverse weather conditions, such as rain, snow and fog, affect traffic safety e.g. by deteriorating road surface condition. This paper describes mechanisms causing such weather phenomenon as rain, snow and fog, as well as their classification; measures to cope with these phenomena in the area of traffic; and an experiment under a simulated fog condition, which was conducted in connection with product development.
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Santaro Nakajima
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
641-645
Published: September 01, 2005
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The advent of blue LED may enable LED to be applied to roadside traffic signs. However, few studies have been conducted on visibility characteristics of colored LED light in fog. This study involves a basic experiment of luminance threshold and chromatic threshold using LED illuminant (five colors) under dense fog. As a result, it was found that regarding both luminance and chromatic threshold, the threshold value for blue and red light was relatively low in dense fog with the visibility of 5 to 25m.
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Mamoru Takamatsu
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
646-648
Published: September 01, 2005
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The characteristics of human visual sense change widely according to the ambient environment. This study is aimed at measuring, on quantitative terms, the visibility of colored light in dense fog. Visibility was measured with four subjects, each with a normal color vision, using colored Landolt rings. As a result, it was found that in dense fog, the visibility of yellow color was at the highest level, and that of blue color at the lowest level : and the visibility decreased even with a larger particle diameter.
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Yasuhiko Kajiya
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
649-652
Published: September 01, 2005
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This paper analyzes the behavior of a driver under reduced visibility due to snowstorm, based on results of the observation of traffic flow and experiments involving human factors. It also discusses the functions of visual guidance facility from the viewpoint of driver psychology, by classifying visibility into four levels. It was found that some multivehicular collisions had characteristic features in terms of ambient, weather and traffic conditions. Furthermore, the paper presents the development of a system for safe driving in winter, using luminous delineators.
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Satoru Noda
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
653-656
Published: September 01, 2005
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This paper presents various measures to prevent traffic accidents from being caused by snow, fog, rain etc., as well as results of the evaluation of these measures, mainly from the viewpoint of visibility improvement. These measures include a laser light guidance system, draining pavement, a high-visibility lane mark, a low-position light, a guide light system to counter fog, a night vision system, an AFS environment-adapted headlight, and a rear fog lamp.
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Toru Hagiwara
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
657-661
Published: September 01, 2005
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Based on past studies, as well as on the driver's vision search process, this paper describes in concrete terms, the influence of deteriorated traffic vision conditions due to adverse weather on driver visibility. It discusses the reason why the visibility of a visual object need to be increased, by comparing the driver eye movement in adverse weather with that in normal conditions. It also discusses the degree of contrast, which is needed to assure the visibility of a visual object in adverse weather; and presents the need in discussing this topic, to consider vision conditions and the driver's vision characteristics in addition to the threshold contrast.
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Mitsuo Akatsuka
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
662-667
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Hiroshi Fukushima
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
668-671
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Seiji Maeda
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
672-673
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Yoji Kakura
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
674-675
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Hideaki Sonohara
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
676-677
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Minoru Myojo
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
678-679
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Takeyuki Yamamoto
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
680-681
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Hiroaki Takechi
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
682-683
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Takashi Naraku
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
684-685
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Minoru Koizumi
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
686-688
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
689-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
689-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
689-
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
689-
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[in Japanese]
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
689-690
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
691-692
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
693-694
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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Article type: Cover
2005 Volume 89 Issue 9 Pages
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