Population dramatically decreases after severe earthquake, and it sometimes leads to disparity in recovery. Analysing the case of the Kobe earthquake, this research represents that the recovery process is influenced by strength of tie in population movement, so called spatial interaction. Parameter estimations based on the gravity model are carried out. It shows that movement from the metropolitan district in Osaka attenuates by spatial distance. Power value of distance, which indicates the resistance toward far movement, increases directly after earthquake. To disscuss the effect of interaction between concentrated metropolitan area and others systematically, numerical experiments of population movement in some patterns of large and small cities, are carried out. In order to mitigate the spatial disparity problem, it is necessary to consider the balance of city scale, in other word, gravity equilibrium.

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Many local government disaster management plans have started to be revised after the experiences of the Great East Japan Earthquake, and one of the lessons learned from the disaster was that gender perspectives were overlooked. This paper aims to analyze the current situation of gender perspectives in local disaster management plans and the related plans in the cities of Hyogo Prefecture, and how they have been revised by implementing a questionnaire survey to 41 cities and towns within Hyogo Prefecture. Then this research assessed the process of including gender perspectives in the revised plan of Miki City, which had the highest number of female members in the disaster management committees. The paper concluded that the plan should be focused on the process of revising.

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This study aimed to reveal the relationship of performance between landscape and criminal security based on residents' evaluations for landscape measures. The study area was Hirose River Waterfront Area of Maebashi-shi, Gunma prefecture. By using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and sensitivity analysis, the results of this study derived the following: (1) measures utilizing the real characteristics of the area are highly evaluated as a measure that secures compatibility with landscape performance and criminal security performance; (2) on the other hand, one-way or indirect measures are not evaluated so much; (3) rulemaking measures of this area have incompatibility between landscape performance and criminal security performance; and (4) even if the weights of criteria about criminal security performance change in the future, the findings will be unchanged.

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In July and August in 2015, the massive flood has occurred and caused extensive and severe damages throughout Myanmar. We investigated disaster response by Myanmar government as well as the river infrastructure function in the Bago River Basin. As a result, we observed that the Government of Myanmar promoted actions of disaster risk reduction through Emergency Operation Centre based on the National Natural Disaster Management Law enacted in 2013. Moreover, disaster response system that had not been seen before was under formulation at local level, such as information sharing among departments and information provision to the public. Especially in the Bago River Basin where the great flood had struck in 2011, countermeasures for flood risk reduction including a large-scale river improvement were being taken from both structural and non-structural measures.

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This study is intended to build the empirical model to estimate tsunami inundation depth based on the field survey data of The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake. Firstly, we explain the judgement model whether the objective site is in the inundation area. Secondly, the model to estimate the inundation depth is explained. Both of them are required only three variables, tsunami height at coastline, distance from coastline and ground level of an objective point. Finally, we explain the result of model validation. The model was validated by comparing predicted inundation depth to actual depth in the past tsunami and simulation results of Nankai-trough earthquake. As the result, we could confirm that model can reproduce the inundation area and inundation depth.

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Our objective is to clarify the state of such extra shelters management, that is, how victims were selected from primary shelters and how they were treated after evacuated in 2014 Hiroshima Mudslide Disaster. We contacted interview research against key persons of extra shelters in Asa-Minami ward and surrounding wards of seriously affected areas. This paper clarifies three essential strategy contents for improvement of extra shelters management in flood disaster, based on above case study. #1. To increase capacity of extra shelters and develop new type of elderly apartment with supportive services. #2. To collaborate various keypersons who are worked coordinators. #3. To support logistic work of facilities in use of extra shelters

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The massive destruction caused by typhoon Washi triggered a large scale resettlement program in the city of Cagayan de Oro, which was based on a top-down approach for decision-making and implementation. As a result there was a limited understanding of the beneficiaries’ needs and the local conditions. After beneficiaries’ were allocated into the new houses, they expressed willingness to compensate the shortcomings of the provided houses starting with the construction of modifications. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of the designs of the original houses in the way residents built modifications, considering their initial motivations, actual use of modifications, location, and the type of materials used for their construction in four selected villages in Calaanan site.

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The Great East Japan Earthquake was the opportunity to clarify the problems of existing business continuity plans (BCP) of companies. The authors performed hearing surveys in affected companies (mainly small and medium-sized companies) which achieved early restoration. As a result, regardless of whether a company had BCP or not, it was required that top management recognized the allowable time and image of alternative site and, then take quick actions. The employees were expected to understand which resources are required and act voluntarily for recovery. On the other hand, BCP documents was effective only if the employees mastered them well, and the documents seemed to be simpler was better. A part of governmental restoration systems should be revised for business continuity of companies.

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The purpose of this paper is to study support agreements against disasters between prefecturel goverments and private companies/organizations in Tohoku district which was the main stricken area of the Great East Japan Earthquake. Based on the chapters and the sections of the Disaster Mananagement Basic Plan of the Government, we develop 97 segments for classification by which we were able to compare these agreements across the prefectures properly. Additionally comparing the expansion of these agreements and the lessons of the earthquake, the lessons seems to be one of the main factors that the prefectural governments expanded the agreements.

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In the event of a large-scale earthquake, railroad users will need to evacuate to safer places without sufficient information around the station where they get off. Especially in case of the evacuation from large-scale fire spreads, railroad users need to move to an evacuation area through a temporary evacuation area by the similar way as local people do. This paper examined the possibilities and problems of temporary evacuations around a rail station for railroad users in the event of a large-scale earthquake, focusing on private railroad stations in the densely built-up areas in Tokyo. We conclude that it is necessary to examine evacuation routes and places based on the specific situations of each rail station.

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It is important to estimate and recover the damaged portions of water pipe just after an earthquake. In a conventional way, the damaged portions are predicted based on the earthquake-proofness of pipes and the regional strength of soil foundation. Recently, it becomes easy to collect real time information on site, so we would take advantage of utilizing the updated information to estimate the damaged portions. However, such information will be given on a piecemeal basis, then it is required to integrate these fragment information. In this study, we applied the network density of the water pipes to consider the connectivity of pipes and support vector machine. The effectiveness of our proposed method are evaluated by some empirical analysis.

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This study discusses issues and initiatives to improve the district continuing force in disaster municipality of the Nankai Trough earthquake. When the Nankai Trough earthquake occurs, government establish the onsite headquarters for disaster management in Kagawa Prefecture of Shikoku. Therefore, Kagawa Prefecture has to quickly recover itself and support restoration of Shikoku. However, the cooperation relations of municipalities are not built enough in activities for giving support at the time of disaster. In this study, we discuss issues and measures to improve the regional continuing force in Kagawa Prefecture from the viewpoint of business continuity plan and district continuity plan.

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In this study, according to Addie process of instructional design, we developed the tornado disaster management education program to enhance "Zest for Lives" of children, based on the knowledge and lessons learned from damage and disaster response of the affected schools in tornado disaster that occurred in Tochigi and Saitama Prefecture. We practiced the program at tornado-affected or non-affected schools and examined the effectivity and applicability of the program to children in outside affected schools. The learning objectives of the program are 1) to understand the tornado as a natural phenomenon and precursory phenomena and to learn the corresponding behavior at the time of tornadoes approaching and 2) to correctly act on the appropriate decision when you quickly recognize the tornado occurrence: "package of decision-making process to tornado disaster".

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Timeline plan is useful to coordinate disaster response operations among response organizations. We develop a procedure to construct and improve timeline plan based on the lessons obtained from disaster response experiences. At Okadanaka district in Maizuru city, we tested the procedure to improve timeline plan. In that process, we took into account the cooperation among response organizations, the information necessary for starting action, and the amount of rainfall and water level to trigger responses in that area. These specific values were integrated as a fast frugal heuristics, which may be the basis for future disaster response.

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This study focuses on the risk awareness of local people regarding to volcanic risks based on the community survey done on the residents living near Mount Ontake, Japan. Mount Ontake suddenly erupted on September 27, 2014. The eruption occurred on a fine autumn Saturday. Prior to the eruption, the number of tremors increased at Mount Ontake. Meteorological Agency which was monitoring the volcano informed it to local government. However, local government did not provide information to the residents because of the volcanic alert level, the criteria for disaster response, was not upgraded. This study analyzes the risk awareness of residents living close to Mount Ontake, and discusses ways to provide disaster related information to residents.

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In this study, authors investigated means of transportation and benefit of bicycle usage for tsunami evacuation drill in Tahara city facing the high threat of Nankai Trough earthquake. According to the questionnaire survey, 45% of people evacuating longer distance destination (Atsumi Sports Park) used bicycles, and percentage of cases finishing within 15 minutes target time is higher. According to the time measurement at safety line, delay time of bicycle users is shorter than pedestrians. GPS log recordings indicated average velocities of 91m/min for pedestrians and 146m/min for bicycles, and standard deviation is smaller for bicycles than for pedestrians. Identifying contour polygon for 5 min., 10 min. and 15 min. allowance time for evacuation, bicycles are effective to cover wider communities where evacuation destination is more than 1km and rather distant.

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