This paper provides an overview of developing tools and techniques used in pre-disaster recovery planning. Planning to full fill the gap between the vision and present issues such as depopulation or disaster is setting up predisaster reduction plan and is improving the resilience. Unique issue for pre-disaster recovery planning is that the people in the community draw tsunami inundation line and decide damage degree for themselves. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the progress of the sustainable comprehensive disaster reduction planning by analyzing design process of the plan through the participatory workshop with residents.

This study aimed to discuss the feasibility and effect of using the vacant houses not in rental market as temporary shelters for future expected disaster. We conducted a case study in Wakayama prefecture to verify the effectiveness of using such vacant houses on the assumption that Nankai earthquake might happen and cause severe house damage. This paper clarified that (1) some of these vacant houses as temporary shelter could be provided cheaper and faster than prefabricated housing, and (2) making use of them could increase existing housing stocks as temporary shelter approximately by 10%, which would be particularly effective in rural area. Moreover, it was suggested through questionnaire survey that the residents under 60 years old tended to prefer vacant houses to prefabricated housing.

In this paper, first, it shows the current status of disaster information sharing system. As an issue of disaster information system mainly developed by prefectures, it points out the divergence of disaster response workflow of the municipalities which carry out the input of information, and the information required by the prefecture. Next, as a process to overcome this divergence, we indicate the importance of the reorganization with the restructuring of each system, activity and organization. And by a demonstration experiment using a "Disaster Information Utilization System for Municipalities" that has the flexibility to easily restructuring the system workflow and information design, study has been made about the ideal method of disaster information sharing system.

Disruption of highway in a disaster time can be an obstacle for a search and rescue operation, refuge activity and a fire-fighting activity, which can prevent from quick recovery. Therefore, it is important to build road network with a certain level of redundancy for a region resilient against disasters. This study aims at showing an evaluation framework of road network redundancy by employing a concept of centrality from social network analysis. Comparing with existing studies, this approach can deal with overlap section between alternative routes, and a result of calculating the redundancy index shows a big difference whether or not overlap section has been considered.

When a large earthquake happens in major city, a great number of post-earthquake fires would occur and expand in densely wooden buildings built up area. Furthermore, it is estimated that the number of fires would exceed the number of the pumper trucks in the suffered area. And the pumper trucks would face to difficulty of forward movement to firing area because of many street blockades by building collapse. Therefore, aerial firefighting by helicopters is needed. This study aims to clarify the relation between the firing properties in a burning area and the dropping water by helicopters. According to the numerical experiments based on the fire engineering methods, it becomes clear that there is a close relationship between marginal distance of the spread between two buildings and frequency of dropping water by helicopters. In addition, we clarified the requirements of urban area where is more effective to drop water by helicopters.

This paper presents a method for optimization of allocation of destinations of evacuees from a tsunami in an urban area. We tried to apply the method for evacuation planning in Daini-chiku in Numazu City. We considered arrangement and capacities of tsunami refuge buildings, evacuees' dwelling places and the amount of time it would take for a Tsunami to reach each refugee in the area. When we calculated for optimization, we modified the conditions of the starting time of evacuation after considering the speed of an earthquake tremor and walking speed of evacuees. We discovered an area that would be difficult for Tsunami evacuation of vulnerable people (walking speed :0.5m/s).

We propose an image training method for finding vulnerability to natural disaster by result event-based approach such as Logical Thinking and Root Cause Analysis. Our proposed method is summarized in the following four steps. Step 1: To imagine the worst result event for stakeholders triggered by natural disaster. Step 2: To imagine several causes leading the worst result. Step 3: By considering these causes as results, to imagine several causes for the results (Step 3 is conducted repeatedly). Step 4: To find fundamental causes (vulnerabilities) in logic tree which shows causeresult relationship. We implemented trials of the image training for university students, local residents, hotel staff, and high school students.

We elucidated factors that affect decisions made by university students for enrollment in a volunteer fire corps (VFC) for a university campus. Thirty-four of the 197 questionnaire-target students desired enrollment in the VFC. According to the results of multiple logistic regression analysis, whether the student desired enrollment in the VFC or not was explained by the following four factors: likelihood of achievement of both VFC activities and schoolwork, with or without family members involved in a disaster, impact of VFC activities on carrier options, and with or without experience of volunteer activities. Taking appropriate actions with regard to these four factors would lead to an increase in the number of students who desire enrollment in a VFC.

Military-level mutual cooperation between Japan and U.S. in the field of disaster relief in Japan germinated since the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. After the earthquake, some of local authorities hosting U.S. Force Japan(USFJ) started to build a cooperation with USFJ for disaster relief. The Great East Japan Earthquake accelerated and expanded these relationships. At present, contribution of USFJ to disaster relief in Japan is incorporated with institution for JapanU.S. Defense Cooperation and local authorities not hosting USFJ also start to building a disaster relief cooperation with USFJ. Major challenges of the cooperation today are solving institutional ambiguity (e.g. conditions for disaster relief by USFJ) and expanding opportunities for cooperation between local authorities and USFJ such as joint expertise.

The Great East Japan Earthquake exerted serious damage over an unprecedentedly wide range. The earthquake prevented the supply of materials indispensable to restoration and revival in its aftermath, including fuels such as gasoline. In this study, the method to estimate a supply delay of gasoline for a hypothetical Nankai Trough Earthquake is proposed. In this method, we developed vulnerability functions of oil refineries which took into account both ground shaking and tsunami force simultaneously.

This paper examines how the framework for international search and rescue activities, established by the UN GA Resolution 57/150 in 2002, has been implemented by the INSARAG network, especially through its unique accreditation system, the INSARAG External Classification process, known as IEC. This paper will conclude that the IEC has significantly contributed to the implementation of this Resolution, such as in-country capacity building and enforcement of the INSARAG Guidelines. However, its effect on the decision-making process on the deployment and reception of international search and rescue teams has been limited, as seen in the recent disasters in New Zealand, Japan and Nepal. This paper will consider the possible reasons for this limitation.

The present paper focuses possible changes of residents’ attitude towards tsunami after their experience of the 2011 earthquake, through the questionnaire surveys conducted before and after the earthquake in the coastal area of Onjuku, Chiba prefecture, where there were no disastrous damage although tsunami warning was announced. Analysis of the results revealed that the experience of earthquake and tsunami let people do some measures for disaster-prevention, however, some people who did not evacuate still justify their own behavior, and risk perception of tsunami hazard particularly the elderlies did not change even after their experience.

The objective of this study is to develop the quantitative estimation system for disaster debris on grid coordinate system in the initital stage after earthquake disasters. In this study, it was shown that the amount of disaster debris on grid square system would be calculated with the distribution of seismic intensity provided by the QuakeMap -Quick Estimation System for Earthquake Maps Triggered by Observation Records -, and that of dwellings and building information based on the 2010 census and the 2013 housing and land survey. As a result of case study on the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake disaster, it was pointed out that the quantitative estimation system for disaster debris could grasp the amount of disaster debris for emergency response within one day after the earthquake event.

The purpose of this research is to compare and verify the housing reconstruction process over 20 years for general urban areas and agricultural and fishing villages where there are many traditional wooden houses. In this research, we focus on the wooden houses that suffered severe damage in the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake and the specialty such as roofing tile culture and wooden culture of Awajishima. The Specificity of the Hokudan district, a strong intention to "roofing tiles" and "wooden houses", had a great influence on the roofing material, building structure, and the number of floors of houses during the housing reconstruction process. Also, the difference between general urban areas and agricultural and fishing villages affected the parking lot, the use of buildings, and the housing type.

The purpose of this research is to clarify whether this “my gensai map program” can deepen understanding of local disaster risk. In this study, this program was evaluated from three perspectives. The first point is noticing about outdoor hazards, the second point is the image of the aspect of disaster and last point is that what participants want to prepare specifically. As a result of the survey, it became clear that this program can deepen the understanding of local disaster risk. In addition, this program could make participants think about the concrete preparation necessary for them. And this program was found to be a workshop style that can be enjoyed easily without limitation of age.

Recovery projects, such as the construction of resettlement sites at a hill or a raising the ground level at the lower grounds, has continued in the impacted area from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami to make a safer community. However, those big projects delay the reconstruction of housing and business of people in the affected area. This paper discusses 1) the relation between recovery projects and individual recovery status, and 2) who can be the main actors of recovery projects, through the analysis of questionnaire survey in Natori city, Miyagi. The key finding is observed that the recovery projects have a negative impact on people who reconstructed their homes in the project area.

The purpose of this paper is to verify how the difference of temporary housing affects the housing recovery of the Great East Japan Earthquake especially focused on people lives in Designated Temporary Housing (DTH). The sample consists of whole households of temporary dwellers and surviver who already recover their home in Natori City, Miyagi. Using both 2014 and 2015 survey data and conduct a number of cross tabulation analysis.

Purpose of this paper is proposing the appropriate transport and supply framework for providing relief goods to victims. From the interview survey of both companies in distribution and logistics industry, an appropriate procurement channel depending on the type of relief goods was revealed. And also it showed suitable use of various logistics facilities in case of emergency logistics.