In this study, in order to continuously supply electricity and steam to fishery related industries in a disaster, and to supply electricity to important facilities in the area, LNG satellite supply, Co-generation system (CGS) and photovoltaic power generation system are premised, and we grasped the energy consumption of main 13 fisheries cities. As a result, it was found that CGS can be introduced in many fisheries cities, and electric power can be supplied to important facilities in the area in disaster, and the amount of electricity supply was quantitatively obtained. Therefore, this system is found to be effective, for continuous energy supply in disaster.

At 21:26 JST on April 14, 2016, an Mw 6.2 earthquake struck Kumamoto City in Kyushu, Japan. Field investigation and inspection were conducted to study an effect of inclination of a house due to liquefaction on health problems of the residents. A tilt angle of 68 houses and buildings in liquefied sites of Kumamoto City was measured. Based on the measurements, the degree of inclination is seem to be related to the type of the houses and buildings. In addition, it is also found that the tilt direction of the houses and buildings is related to the terrain as well. Furthermore, a questionnaire survey was conducted about one year after the earthquake. The results of this survey revealed the actual condition of inhabitant's health problems due to tilted houses induced by liquefaction.

This study investigated the practice of planning compilation of tsunami evacuation, and planning assessment is carried out based on questionnaire while collecting necessary planning materials from municipalities with coastline in Chubu region. From the view of methods of planning compilation, the planning type can be classified into three types as planner type, and public hearing type and public participation type. This study evaluates enrichment of planning content by types in order to clarify types with high enrichment. As a result, the method of planning compilation which is based on public participation type is effective for planning contents with high enrichment.

Temporary construction Housing Provision is one of methods to give victims houses for sheltering after disasters. Previous studies pointed that their locations and scales caused the problem for housing recovery process. This study clarified characteristics of the spatial distribution of thier sites and the difference between local governments at the case of the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. As a result, it was pointed out the relationship between their locations and previous spatial characters of the cities, and the mechanism of spreading temporary housing sites area. The spatial arrangement of temporary housing site depends on the geographical distribution of vacant space in the damage cities and the political strategy to provide them.

In order to contribute to reconsideration appropriate policies on countermeasures against natural and man-made disasters in Japan in a period of population decrease, we investigated the actual state of disaster management in New Zealand which has really similar natural environment causing many kinds of hazards, though much lower density society than Japan. In the object country, the disaster management is operated with a framework of Civil Defence Emergency Management (CDEM) based on the "4Rs" approach and the "CIMS2". The CDEM system is applied to any hazards including infectious disease, major transport accident and terrorism. They lay relatively more emphasis on appropriate response actions rather than structural measures to mitigate hazards' damage.

This study discusses about people’s risk perception of National Seismic Hazard Maps for Japan. Seismic Hazard Maps is made by Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion. And the aim of this map is to make people think about risk and promote disaster prevention measures. To confirm whether the map fulfilled the role, we conducted a survey in March 2017, and got responses from 2400 people. From the analysis, it proved that people feel likely to be affected the expression of “will happen of Y % probability” more than by the expression of “will happen within X year(s)”. And people who can understand the map tend to sensitive to fear of the earthquake and risk of their place of residence.

It is unclear how modern people evacuate during post-earthquake urban fire spreading, due to lack of sufficient data. For the purpose of considering this, we experimented with Virtual Reality which used a set of images and sounds, produced by a computer, visually to represent a place and a situation in a way that a person can feel that they exist in that environment. Through this research, we got 3 outcomes. First, we developed a technique for realistic representation of fire in an urban setting using VR tools. Second, we established an experiment method to understand the evacuation behavior of people. Thirdly, we reveal relationship in evacuation behavior with distance between location of fire and standing position.

This paper aims to clarify relationship between disaster tradition and actual tsunami evacuation in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster. We have conducted questionnaire survey on disaster survivors in Rikuzentakada City, Iwate Prefecture and data analysis using logistic regression method. The results were the followings: 1) Survivors answered the survey almost have learned past disaster occurred in their area through family and relative, and mass media. 2) Telling experience, conversation with family, TV program and school education are useful to learning past tsunami disaster. 3) Family conversation about disaster and cognition of 1933 Showa Sanriku Earthquake Tsunami disaster and 1886 Meiji Sanriku Earthquake Tsunami disaster have promoted tsunami evacuation behavior in the 2011 disaster.

This paper outlines and analyzes the trend in the disaster education program and the disaster memorial projects in 8 cities of coastal area in Miyagi prefecture after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake Disaster. Then, I clarify the facts of change the number of visitor who is interested in such programs with considering the circumstances surrounding disaster memorial projects and any other factors like the existance of symbolic toursist site or traffic hub.

This paper aimed to clarify the check in date and duration of vulnerable population in shelters with additional assistance and consideration after 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake. We found differences in these factors between elderlies and disablities:#1 Elderly people with long time care checked in and left earlier. #2 Elderly people with daily support checked in later and stayed a long term. #3 Physically disabled people could be found earlier and stayed a long term. #4 Mental disorders checked in later and left earlier

In a large-scale disaster, substantial self-help or mutual-help acvtivities is very important. In 2014, the community disaster management planning system started in Japan and it will be spread. Therefore, we did research what are outcomes and issues for disaster management forces of local community through hearing and literature survey. Then, it becomes clear that outcomes on local community are risk perception, disaster-management activity and improving awareness of disaster for residents. On the other side, the issues are how to make the plan and continuation of community disaster-management activity after deciding the disaster management plan. This result shows that supports by facilitators is important for residents to decide the plan and community should continue disastermanagement movement.

In order to promote renovation for earthquake-resistant structures, this paper proposes a method to evaluate building collapse risk based on the housing and land survey data provided by Statistics Bureau, and clarifies urban vulnerability transion of the special wards of Tokyo between 1978 and 2013 as in the examples given below. (1) The total number of houses increased by 60% in 35 years. (2) Although the number of wooden houses decreased to about 70%, the number of non-wooden houses increased 4 times. (3) The building collapse risk value calculated by the proposed method showed very high correlation with the existing method used by Tokyo Metropolitan Government. (4) The building collapse risk value is high in Sumida, Arakawa, Katsushika, and Kita Wards.

Katase-Nishihama and Kugenuma District is known as one of the most congested bathing beach in Japan for summer busy season, which confronts tsunami evacuation problems not only for residents but also large number of visitors.Based on multi-agent simulation method, this paper aims to quantitatively clarify refugees' evacuation behavior and average evacuation time in different scenarios and to suggest some solutions, such as construction of elevated railway for the Odakyu-Enoshima line, to reduce tsunami evacuation risk, especially for the visitors. As a result, the elevatedd railway construction will enable more than double number of evacuees to escape from a future tsunami estimated by the 1605 Keicho Earthquake.

In this research, we analyze the education effect that disaster experience learning at disaster experience facility gives to children by three times questionnaire surveys. We also analyze the behavior change of parent's disaster countermeasures, and clarify the educational effect through children's disaster experience learning at disaster experience facility based on the three times questionnaire surveys.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relocation process of residents in a nuclear power plant disaster area. We interviewed and gave questionnaires to the residents of Moudo, Kawauchi-mura, Fukushima Prefecture. The main results are as follows: 1) The original community was distributed into 9 areas. Fifty-five percent of families returned to their homes. 2) After returning, the "job", "living area", and "household structure" of many of the residents changed. 3) Approximately half of the residents had considered migrating from their original district during the evacuation. Some of the reasons behind this were anxiety about radiation and worrying about making visits to the hospital. 4) As a result, most multi-generational households separated, and only the older generation returned.

In this study, urban recovery-planning focused around local railway stations after the Great East Japan Earthquake was discussed. Sanriku railway was damaged at 6 stations. This study was found that urban recovery-planning was carried out at 16 stations. The content of the plan was to promote and support railway use. In addition, Sanriku Railway was cooperating with railway surrounding areas through the operation of the station before the Great East Japan Earthquake. I guessed that it helped in life reconstruction of the disaster victims.

In this paper, using adjusted method of Sato and Midorikawa (2007), the possibility of widespread temporary migration after the anticipated Tokyo metropolitan earthquake was analyzed and political consideration was performed. Specifically, damage comparison between households who lose their houses and temporary housing provision in several conditions (earthquake occurrence time, decay damage of rental vacant) were calculated. In the case of the half assumption, 12 wards of Tokyo metropolis became deficient in temporary housing, and the temporary migration over the ward will be required. Finally, this paper suggested that local officer and local residents should have discussion using the calculation result of this paper for promoting concrete preparation.

In this study, we examined situation of collection and integration of evacuees records, intentions of public employees to support evacuees at non-designated evacuation shelters and supporting functions of designated evacuation shelters for non-designated evacuation shelters. In Mashiki town in the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, evacuees’ records were collected but it took time to integrate the information on evacuees. In addition, although designated evacuation shelters partly functioned as support bases, non-designated evacuation shelters tended to receive support by organizations with whom they had relationship before the earthquake.

In the Great East Japan Earthquake, Government-Rented-Privately-Owned-Houses-as-Temporary-Housing were provided in large scale. Several studies revealed they had merit of supply speed and cost, but there were various problems. Based on these studies, we conducted action research on the practices of introduction and implementation process concerning provision of temporary housing and the method of reconstructing the lives of victims in Kumamoto city in the Kumamoto Earthquake. These practices are grasped as "Kumamoto city model for provision of temporary housing " and "Japanese model for disaster case management". It is necessary for nationwide dissemination to amend the law that have continuity with general institutions, mainly social security, rather than specialized in disaster response.

In 2015, UN Member States have adopted Sustainable Development Goals, in which eliminating poverty is the priority. It is estimated that flood damage will increase among South East Asian countries including Myanmar because of the climate change. In order to clarify the relationship between flood and poverty on household level, we collected the data concerning flood and other factors like income, education level, living environment and so on by conducting a questionnaire survey. We obtained the data of 1,202 people from 213 households. As a result, this study found a relationship between flood level and living conditions, including poverty conditions of respondents in the study area. As a result, people who live in heavily flooded areas tend to be in poorer conditions compared with the others. It is also suggested, however, that flooded people with miner damage and non-flooded ones are sometimes living in similar conditions.

In this paper, we discuss crime preventive patrol route based on prospective hot spots. First, examining crime prediction using retrospective crime data in Saitama-city, Prospective hot spots were identified by Kernel Density Estimation and Risk Terrain Modeling and we create crime prevention patrol route based on identified hot spots which was supposed by officers. Next, in order to assess the practicality of built patrol, we conducted questionnaire survey on police officers in charge of the patrol. The result was supported the practicality from officers. Finally, we propose crime preventive patrol route to police headquarters.

The objective of this study is to recognize the administrative responses at the time of disaster based on an example of misinformation mail of Tsunami occurred on January 1, 2016 in Wakayama prefecture aiming at achieving prompt response by utilizing disaster information. From results of a questionnaire survey conducted for the disaster manager and the duty stuff that responded at the time, I have recognized the reality of the response over the time and problems.It has been revealed that they responded regarding received information to be correct as a way to respond when they received uncertain disaster information. In addition, some local governments have worked on improvement of disaster prevention in the future based on review of the responses in this accident.

L-alert is an information sharing system widely used for evacuation order transmission. L-alert was used for the first time to provide life support information during the emergency restoration period after the Kumamoto earthquake. One damaged town sent information such as administrative procedures information to L-alert, two broadcasting stations and one IT companies transmitted the residents. Based on participation observation and interview surveys on the parties concerned, we concluded that L-alert is useful for providing life support information during the emergency restoration period.

This study examines the disaster risk formation by residential area development after the Great East Japan Earthquake We analyze the relationship between residential area development situation and hazards including fire and landslide. It clarifies the different disaster risk formation in two cities as follows. New housing reconstruction is concentrated in mountainside area where the designation of landslide warning area is delayed and water supplies for fire-fighting is insufficient in Rikuzentakata-city. As for Kesennuma-city, the ratio of water supplies for fire-fighting is relatively high because of infill development of new housing reconstruction, however, it founds the another risks such as width of adjacent road and land which increase the risk of fire.

Hospitals need to introduce and promote Business Continuity Management (BCM) to continue providing medical care during a disaster. Methods of introducing and promoting BCM have been presented in various documents including published international standards. However, they are abstract and definitive procedures have not been specified. In this study, we actually introduced BCM into Hospital X and extracted the problems in introducing BCM. We then investigated methods to solve the identified problems and propose introduction method of BCM. By using the proposed method, we can introduce BCM more effectively than possible previously and gradually build BCM.

This study discusses the Business Continuity Management (BCM) to maintain municipal customer services in disaster. Recent experiences showed that government also loses their governance in catastrophic disaster, unable to provide public services. To develop BCM may help to reduce direct impact caused by disaster and enhance emergency management capacity of municipalities. However, the current BCM guideline by national government focuses more on emergency management activity rather than continuity of routine activities, such as providing customer services. This causes delay in documentation issue and increases the amount of works to be done. This study analyzes how to improve the quality of municipal customer services in disaster through case studies of 1995 Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake and 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of a system and the behavioral characteristics of extending organizations within a DRC typology, based on the case study of Kobe City assistance to affected municipality governments, such as Kumamoto City and Mashiki Town, after the occurrence of the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes. In our analysis, the qualitative data of responders extracted from questionnaire surveys, interview surveys and workshops were adopted. The main results were that the characteristic of extending organizations was a decentralized structure and the behavioral characteristic of them was assisting control and coordination of established and expanding organizations according to the terms.

After Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, some local authorities started to employ retired officials of Japans Self Defense Force(JSDF) as staff and/or manager of its disaster prevention / crisis management division. The number of them is incleasing especially after The Great East Japan Earthquake. However, there is no academic research for understanding the entire situation of its movement. This paper tried to describe a full picture of situation and role of JSDF retiered officials as a member of disaster management division in local authority in Japan.

In order to conduct regional disaster prevention activities continuously and appropriately, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness, and make the improvements based on evaluation. However, there are insufficient human resources of evaluators and it is difficult to foster the talent, since extensive field experience and broad disaster prevention knowledge is required for appropriate evaluation. This study constructed a prototype of a machine learning system for automatically evaluating regional disaster prevention activities. It also performs the machine learning with the data from activity records of the Bosai Contest as input variables, and the winning judgment data evaluated by the expert's review committee as output variables. As a result, the same result as experts’ judgment was obtained with the probability of 94% for learning data and 79% for verification data.

It is one of the ironclad rules of risk management that we take multiple countermeasures for reducing human casualties in dwellings attacked by hazardous earthquakes. As a series of study on seismic indoor safety protection, in this paper we tried to propose a new monitoring system capable of judging some risky events from indoor sound information at earthquake. A recognition function builted-in the system identifies the occurrence and location of events that furniture overturns and pieces of broken dishes scatters as well as the position of inhabitants through a simple sound analysis of frequency characteristics and maximum amplitudes of sound. As a result, we succeeded in recognition with high accuracy.

The students who entered NEYAGAWA Municipal Dai-8 Junior High School in 2014 attended continuous disaster prevention programs for three years. The programs were provided through the collaboration of the junior high school and Setsunan University. There were also student volunteer activities. This paper describes the outcome of these disaster prevention programs. In Particular, in the third year, a disaster drill that focused on injured persons in the classroom and building damage was performed and all of the students evacuated to the ground. As a result, the classroom was confused and all of students and teachers were able to imagine the conditions after an earthquake. It is necessary to use this disaster drill at other junior high schools in the future.

We have been developing a method for evaluating flood risk at each community of a municipality in a mountainous area where insufficient information is available for practical disaster management. In this research, we proposed an evaluation method using “flood diagnostic chart” with 8 evaluation criteria by utilizing RRI model calculation results. We conducted flood risk evaluation by applying the method to 20 communities of Aga Town along the Aganogawa River. Cluster analysis was also used to categorize the communities into 5 groups. Each group was analyzed for its flood risk characteristics, and highly flood-vulnerable communities were identified as “flood hot spot”. This proposed method is expected to be utilized to develop community-level disaster management plans effectively and efficiently.

Applicability of digital elevation model (DEM)-based empirical models such as Laharz and Flow-R to an urban area for predicting debris flow inundation areas is discussed using the pre-event DEM in Hiroshima city area affected by the debris flow event in August 2014. While Laharz can predict the runout distance by the function of flow volumes, Flow-R can evaluate the bifurcation of the flow to multiple directions. The simulations revealed that Flow-R can more accurately reproduced the debris flow inundation areas because the wider flow spreading is important in the urban area located on low-slope open-basin. The debris flow susceptibility mapping by Flow-R is validated with the actual inundation areas and the designated debris flow prone areas.

On February 6, 2016, a large quake attacked Tainan area in Taiwan. Several buildings were severely damaged and underground lifeline systems were suffered from extensive liquefaction. For the earthquake disaster mitigation,investigation on the shaking characteristics of surface ground such as predominant period is a key factor. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ground shaking characteristics to clarify the cause of damage. Earthquake records and borehole data were collected and microtremor observations were conducted in Tainan City. Predominant periods by using these data were estimated. These predominant periods were compared with numerically calculated natural periods. We found that the ground shaking characteristics were strongly affected by the changes of sediments.

Generally, prediction of ground motions have been carried out for every grid square in an area of interest by NIED, Japanese Cabinet Office, Local Government Office and so on. In other words, it is assumed that the ground shaking characteristics in the grid square of interest is almost uniform in the ground motion prediction. In this study, ground motion estimation with high dense spatial location for a 3rd grid square with almost 1 km², in central Ishigaki City, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, during the East Off Ishigaki Island Earthquake with M_J8.0 are performed based on the constructed asperity model considering the empirical site amplification and phase effects.

During a scenario earthquake with M_W9.0 along the Nankai Trough, strong ground motion is expected in the focal area, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan. In order to simulate the seismic damage of railway structures, it is necessary to estimate strong motions at the sites of interest with sufficient accuracy, taking into account local site effects. In this study, seismic waveforms at 54 sites for permanent railway station along JR Kinokuni Line were predicted based on the SMGA models considering the empirical site amplification and phase effects. The predicted seismic waveforms will be useful for rational safety assessment of a railway structure.

Time histories of instantaneous instrumental seismic intensity based on the observed waveforms in tsunami attack areas, Ishinomaki City and Sendai City, Japan, during the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake are calcuated to investigate the dominant frequency components of the ground motion for the difficult time for tsunami evacuation. It was found that the difficult time are mainly influenced by the intermediate frequency range (0.3-2Hz). Furthermore, we carried out ground-shaking zoning in the tsunami attack areas based on the intermediate frequency range considering characteristics of microtremor H/V spectra with high dense spatial location. The obtained findings are useful in tsunami disaster prevention due to a future subduction-zone earthquake.