巻号一覧
10 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の11件中1～11を表示しています
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高木 貞敬, 渋谷 達明, 東野 庄司, 新井 富男1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 571-584
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーIt was found that the on-, the on-off-and the off-responses are easily pro-duced by the application of ether vapour in the olfactory epithelium and bulb of the frog and the toad.
1. There was found a tendency that ether produces an on-response at the low concentration, an on-off-response at the moderate concentration and an off-response at the high concentration. The similar transition of the response types was observed, when the velocity of ether vapour was increased.
2. It was found that the types of responses are different at different sites on the olfactory epithelium.
3. The three types of responses were also produced by the application of other anaesthetics, such as chloroform, chlorethyl and organic solvents, such as aceton, petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, toluol, and benzine.
4. The on-or the off-slow potential produced by the application of amyl acetate or ether was inhibited by subsequent application of ether. The similar inhibition was also observed by the application of the above odorants. On the contrary, the slow potential produced by the application of other general odours summed on the preceding on-or off-slow potential. It was therefore supposed that such in-hibition occurs due to the anaesthetic actions of ether and other substances stated above.
5. It was observed that the on-induced wave appears even when the corresponding on-slow potential is inhibited by ether and other substances and that the off-induced wave appears before the occurrence of the off-slow potential. It was supposed that these discrepancies between the slow potential and the induced wave originate from the competition between the stimulative and the anaesthetic actions which ether and other substances possess.
6. The mechanism in the olfactory epithelium which produces the off-slow potential was considered.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (16118K) -
河村 洋二郎, 船越 正也, 高田 充1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 585-593
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe interrelationships in the brain-stem among afferent impulses from anta-gonistic and symmetrical jaw muscles were studied by means of the microelectrode.
1. An acceleration of electrical activity of the trigeminal motor nucleus induced by stretching a jaw muscle was reciprocally inhibited by stretch of the antagonistic or symmetrical muscle.
2. These reciprocal inhibitory responses were not observed in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8543K) -
山本 清, 清水 正二郎, 石川 一郎1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 594-601
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーEmploying mitochondria of various rat tissues as enzyme sources, and pyridoxal phosphate, DPN and FMN as the coenzymes, a study was made of the distribution of three types of enzymes among the kidney, liver, heart, skeletal muscle and brain. These enzymes are transaminase, DPN-linked deaminase and FMN-linked deiodinase acting respectively upon thyroxine.
The former two deaminases were found to be the most active in the kidney, and of these two the transaminase was far more active than the DPN-linked enzyme. The FMN-linked deiodinase, which appears to be a new type of enzyme of mitochondrial origin, was the most active in the liver.
The specific feature of such distribution is in accord with the fact that thyroid hormones are deaminated mainly in the kidney and deiodinated in the liver in vivo.
This work was supported in part by the Grant in Aid for Scientific Research-Institutional Research-from the Ministry of Education to which the authors' thanks are due.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5695K) -
真島 英信, 松村 幹郎1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 602-609
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリー1. The relation between tension and shortening during twitch of frog's or toad's sartorius muscle were investigated.
2. When the velocity of contraction was controlled by the velocity controller or the inertia lever, the amount of initial shortening (Si) did not change in spite of the change in time course of tension development, as far as the velocity was not so slow that the initial shortening could not be finished within the contraction time.
3. In the after-load experiment under the same initial length, the amount of Si did not depend on the weight of load as far as the initial shortening was finished within the contraction time.
4. The secondary shortening is also active one, because when the twitch was arrested during the secondary shortening, new active tension developed.
5. When the velocity of contraction was too slow to shorten as much as Si within the contraction time, no secondary shortening was observed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (815K) -
山本 清, 清水 正二郎, 石川 一郎1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 610-619
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーSome properties of an FMN-dependent thyroxine deiodinase were studied, employing rat liver as an enzyme source. The enzyme was present concentrated within mitochondria. Ready inactivation by boiling, inactivity under anaerobic conditions and cyanide-sensitivity were observed. Optimum pH was found between 7.0 and 7.5. Substrate specificity was rather low; T4 and TA4 were deiodinated similarly. The enzyme was inhibited by T3 probably through competition. The mitochondrial enzyme was far more prominent than any other thyroid hormone deiodinase ever reported. From the enzymatic deiodination, the chemical deiodination caused by FMN alone was distinguished. Riboflavin and FAD had a similar effect to FMN.
On the basis of these facts, it was considered that the physiologically important role of the liver in deiodinating thyroid hormones should be ascribed to the FMN-dependent deiodinase of mitochondrial origin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5847K) -
草野 皓1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 620-633
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーProperties of single units of gustatory receptors in the frog tongue were investigated by recording the impulse discharge of single glossopharyngeal nerve fibres to various taste solutions.
1. The great majority of the units observed in the present experiment responded to more than one kind of taste solution (94 units among 105), but the units responding to all taste stimuli employed were only 3 cases found. The specific units responding to a particular taste solution were observed in 11 examples; 5 units to 1/256 M quinine hydrochloride, 2 units to 1/64 N acetic acid, 3 units to distilled water and 1 unit to 1/4 M saccharin sodium. Receptor-units were divided into four main types.
2. The D-units responded to divalent salts and in most cases they also responded to distilled water and to sucrose dissolved in water or in Ringer. Sometimes, they responded also to monovalent salts, quinine and acetic acid. This type occupied the great majority of the receptor-units observed in the present experiments (67 units among 105).
3. The M-units responded mainly to monovalent salts such as NaCl, KCl and LiCl, but not to other kinds of taste solutions (8 units among 105).
4. The Q-units and A-units responded to quinine and acetic acid respectively (9 and 7 units among 105).
5. No receptor-units which specifically responded to sucrose were found; but the units responding to sucrose belonged to the D-units.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2547K) -
斉藤 幸一郎, 本田 良行, 蓮村 成子1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 634-645
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe present studies were undertaken to criticize experimentally GRAY'S ‘multiple factor theory’ with regard to pCO2 and hydrogen ion concentration.
Rabbits and dogs under anesthesia were subjected to respiratory acidosis by CO2 inhalation, and then accompanied acidemia was just eliminated by the alkali infusion without the interruption of CO2 inhalation. By measuring alveolar ventilation, arterial pCO2 and hydrogen ion concentration under these conditions, the increase in alveolar ventilation caused by the increase in pCO2 and that caused by the increase in hydrogen ion concentration were separately estimated. Following results were obtained:
1. Arterial pCO2 and hydrogen ion concentration are separate respiratory stimuli and act additively. Each stimulus produces an increase in alveolar ventilation directly proportional to its strength. Consequently the increase in alveolar ventilation can be expressed as an algebraic sum of the effect of each stimulus. These findings reveals that the multiple factor theory is applicable to the animals under anesthesia so far as pCO2 and hydrogen ion concentration are concerned.
2. The ratio between the respiratory sensitivity to pCO2 and that to hydrogen ion concentration varies with species of animals.
3. The respiratory sensitivity to pCO2 is found generally to increase in chronic compensatory metabolic acidosis in dogs, but not in rabbits. On this subject a brief discussion was presented.
4. In acute respiratory acidosis the increased alveolar ventilation is brought about for the most part by the raised arterial pCO2 and in small measure by the increased hydrogen ion concentration.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2271K) -
岡田 博匡, 中野 治, 岡本 恭子, 中山 公弘, 西田 勇1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 646-658
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーThe central path of the light reflex via the sympathetic nerve in the cat was studied by observing reflex inhibition of the activity in the long ciliary nerve after various combined lesions of the brain stem and optic tract. From the results a possible schema was induced.
The inhibitory path from the unilateral eye to the cilio-spinal centers entered into the midbrain through the bilateral optic tracts after a partial decussation in the optic chiasma. From there a part of them descended the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata on each side, while the other descended the contralateral brain stem after a partial decussation both in the posterior commissure and ventral to the Sylvian aqueduct. Furthermore, this descending path reached the bilateral cilio-spinal centers after forming the 3rd partial decussation in the spinal cord. In the medulla oblongata this inhibitory path occupied a position in the ventral reticular formation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (11619K) -
広重 力, 伊藤 真次1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 659-665
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリー1. Chronic treatments with Pitressin produced increases in RNA-P and total nitrogen contents in livers of normal rats, while DNA-P content remained unchanged. Pitocin had no effect.
2. After hypophysectomy RNA-P and total nitrogen contents in liver reduced considerably; administration of growth hormone restored the decreased contents toward normal level, while Pitressin was ineffective.
3. Chronic treatments with Pitressin induced a significant enlargement of epiphyseal cartilage width of tibia in normal rats. Pitocin had no effect.
4. In hypophysectomized rats the width was markedly reduced; growth hormone, but not Pitressin, restored the narrowed width toward normal.
5. Administration of cortisone acetate produced a marked gain in liver weight and a slight increase in RNA-P content.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (766K) -
深見 勲1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 666-672
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリー1. From the electrophoretic observation of cattle rhodopsin, the isoelectric point was determined as being 5.31. This value is very close to its isoionic point.
2. It was ascertained that the main moving boundary was of rhodopsin origin. In some cases, two small fast moving boundaries besides the main boundary were revealed on the electrophoretic pattern. The appearance of these small boundaries would be caused by contaminated impurities.
3. The mobilities of cattle rhodopsin were calculated and compared with those of ovalbumin within certain limit of PH. Despite the fact that cattle rhodopsin displays a number of titrable groups comparable with ovalbumin, its electrophoretic mobility is considerably lower than that of ovalbumin. In order to explain this discrepancy, the role of digitonin was discussed in terms of modifying the charged state of intact rhodopsin molecule.
4. The electrophoretic pattern of a mixture of cattle rhodopsin and its bleached product is of asymmetrical nature. This asymmetry is presumably derived from the combination of at least two components, that is, a small amount of fast moving component and a large amount of slow moving component, which would correspond respectively to bleached product and rhodopsin. The bleached product would be slightly abundant with the net negative charges than rhodopsin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3239K) -
斉藤 幸一郎, 本田 良行, 蓮村 成子1960 年 10 巻 6 号 p. 673-681
発行日: 1960年
公開日: 2011/06/07
ジャーナル フリーUnder the control of a special glass electrode, anesthetized dogs could be brought in the state of hypoxia without changing both pCO2 and cH of the arterial blood by adding an adequate amount of CO2 in the O2 poor air to be inspired. Using dogs in such a state the ventilatory responses to hypoxia by itself were examined and following findings were obtained:
1. Both alveolar and pulmonary ventilation ratios can be expressed as linear functions of alveolar pO2 in the range higher than 40 mm Hg. For alveolar ventilation ratio versus alveolar pO2:
ΔAVR=0.0878 (95.9-pO2),
for pulmonary ventilation ratio versus alveolar pO2;
ΔPVR=0.0626 (95.1-pO2),
where Δ means an increment.
2. The straight lines expressing the above equations on the ventilation/pO2 coordinates are steeper against the pO2 axis as compared with those observed in human experiments reported in the literature. It can be stated that dogs respond more vigorously to hypoxia than do human beings.
3. These straight lines intercept the pO2 axis at about 95.5 mm Hg, the value of the threshold of alveolar pO2 as a chemical respiratory stimulus.
4. The mean value of the normal alveolar pO2 measures 112.1 mm Hg; there is a hypoxic alveolar pO2 range between 95.5 and 112 mm Hg where a change in alveolar pO2 produces no respiratory response. From this finding there arises a doubt as to the participation of the normal arterial pO2 in arousing the tonic reflexogenic drive at the peripheral chemoreceptors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2225K)
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