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Volume 24, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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Yukihiro Ozaki, Teiichi Matsunaga1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 123-131
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNear-infrared spectroscopy has recently been applied to various fields of medical science. This spectroscopy has three major advantages in the medical applications. First, this is a totally noninvasive technique. Second, it is suitable for routine analysis. Third, near-infrared light can penetrate biological tissues. In this review we introduce several examples of recent medical applications of near-infrared spectroscopy such as noninvasive monitoring of glucose in blood.View full abstractDownload PDF (939K) -
Application to ELISA for Urinary FDPTokinori Mori1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 132-137
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed a chemiluminescent method for determining alkaline phosphatase (ALP) based on the following reaction ; hydrolysis of NADP (ALP substrate), NAD/NADH cycling reaction with alchohol dehydrogenase and 1-methoxy-5-methylphenaziniummethylsulfate (M-PMS) in the presence of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and subsequent luminol reaction with peroxidase. SOD resulted in about a 4 times higher yield of H2O2 and its accumulation in the cycling reaction by immediate conversion of O2- to H2O2.
The determination limit of ALP activity assayed in a ten-minute cycling reaction system was similar to that estimated with 3-(2'-spiroadamantane)-4-methoxy-4-(3'-phosphoryloxy) phenyl-1, 2-dioxetane (AMPPD) reagent. This technique was applied to ELISA for sensitive determination of urinary FDP.View full abstractDownload PDF (613K) -
Susumu Osawa, Kenji Mamada, Junko Ito, Shinji Iida, Hiroshi Yonemitsu, ...1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 138-145
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed a method for the determination of serum pseudo-cholinesterase activity using benzylthiocholine as the substrate. The product thiocholine, which results from hydrolyzation of the substrate, was monitored using the ultraviolet light. The substrate and dithiodipyridine (2-PDS), the color-producing substance, were stable enough to make a ready-to-use reagent with them. Thiocholine breaks down the disulfide double bond of 2-PDS to produce 2- thiopyridone (2-TP). 2-TP has a maximum absorption at 343nm, and molar extinction coefficient of 679.0 mol-1·mm-1. Monitored by 340nm absorption, bilirubin and hemoglobin did not interfere with the assay. This new method is easily adaptable to automated analyzers and shows high specificity for pseudo-cholinesterase and good reproducibility in routine work.View full abstractDownload PDF (779K) -
Satoshi Nakagawa, Masahiko Munechika1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 146-152
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSQuality control surveys are often planned and implemented to clarify the inter-laboratory analytical errors. However, since it is not clear how the results of surveys should be analyzed, information for improvement is not provided and therefore the surveys just help grasp the situation.
The organizer of a survey should not only sum up the results, but (1) extract useful information obtained from the many participating laboratories and tackle the problems for systematic improvement, and (2) make an appropriate evalution of each laboratory and offer useful information making it possible for each laboratory to improve the accuracy and precision.
We propose a method to analyze the results of a quality control survey and develop a data analysis system. This method uses an Operation Line, which is estimated from all materials, to evaluate laboratory, as well as examine each material. The method and the system enable us to effectively evaluate the accuracy and precision of each laboratory's measurement.View full abstractDownload PDF (686K) -
Shinichi Mashiba, Kazuo Uchida, Shinobu Tomita1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 153-162
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed and evaluated an ELISA method which can specifically detect Troponin I (TnI) derived from cardiac muscle in serum, without showing cross-immunoreaction with TnI derived from skeletal muscle. The proposed method is not affected by the presence of hemoglobin, unlike conventional Troponin T (TnT) measurement. The mean serum TnI concentration in 87 healthy subjects undergoing a group medical examination obtained using the ELISA method was 0.271±0.087μg/l (mean±SD). The change as a function of time of serum TnI concentration paralleled that of serum CK-MB concentration in patients with cardiac infarction, and the maximum serum TnI concentration in the same patients was approximately 120 times the reference level (mean+2SD). The correlation coefficient between serum TnI and CK concentrations was r=-0.081 (n=46), that between serum TnI and CK-MB concentrations was r=0.214 (n=51), and that between serum TnI and TnT concentrations was r=0.687 (n=55). Our findings indicate that the serum TnI concentration can be used as a new marker for cardiac diseases and lesions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1934K) -
Kazuhisa Kanno, Kenji Tokunaga, Hiroyuki Ninomiya, Tadamichi Mistuma, ...1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 163-169
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHemodialysis patients (HD) were treated with onpi-to (an herb medicine) administration, and the changes in active oxygen production by neutrophils, and serum superoxide dismutase activities and methylguanidine levels were examined throughout the treatment. The active oxygen production by neutrophils was measured by a flow-cytometric technique or by a cytochrome c reduction method. The active oxygen production was greater in the neutrophils of the HD patients than in normal subjects with or without phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation. Superoxide dismutase activities and methylguanidine levels in the serum of HD patients were reduced by the treatment. An in vitro experiment using neutrophils from normal subjects showed that onpi-to suppressed stimulated active oxygen production by phorbol myristate acetate, but not by N formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or opsonized zymosan (OZ).View full abstractDownload PDF (795K) -
Eizi Usami, Yoshiyuki Seyama1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 170-174
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFree radicals (superoxide or hydroxyl radical) play an important role in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal lesions after ischemia and administration of diethlyldithiocarbamate. Some antiulceratives, have been reported to trap hydroxyl radicals and some have been reported to protect against lipid hydroperoxidation. However, whether these antiulceratives have a direct superoxide scavenging activity has been unknown. Therefore, we examined the superoxide scavenging activities of many antiulceratives in the present experimental systems.
We found that plaunotol, benexate, rebamipide, sofalcone and MMSC (methylmethioninesulfonium chloride) have superoxide scavenging activities.View full abstractDownload PDF (538K) -
Akiko Fujino, Masao Umemoto1995 Volume 24 Issue 3 Pages 175-178
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIncomplete saponification of cholesterol esters causes a systematic error in cholesterol measurement by the Abell-Kendall method. The saponification of cholesterol esters; linoleate, oleate, palmitate, arachidonate and stearate, which occupy >1% of all choresterol esters in serum was examined by high performance liquid chromatgraphy to clarify the condition of complete (>99.9%) saponification. The cholesterol esters corresponding to 0.8% of total cholesterol remained unsaponified after 60 min at 37°C but 99.9 % were saponified after 90 min.View full abstractDownload PDF (416K)
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