Controlling the historical human name is needed, because there are many instances of a "same person sharing the different name" as a historical figure in historical material. Although no database exists that could be shared to control human name at the current time, there is a need to build structured databases about primary individuals and build sources of name authority information by standardized data description language. With this background, we constructed structured name authority file which user can understand human relationship using Topic Map.

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Japan Digital Archives Association (JDAA) conducted surveys of digital archive activities from 1996 till 2005 when it was dissolved. To learn the current activities, we conducted a survey inheriting prior survey conducted by the Association in 2004. Survey requests were sent to 716 university libraries in June 2008, and received 222 (31%) responses. According to the survey, 57 university libraries had digital archives, which was a little fewer than the result (68) of the JDAA's survey. However, 15 more libraries, which did not respond to our survey, were later found to run archives as well.

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It is a problem that Japanese museums have no common standards or guidelines for dealing with curatorial works, like registration, loan, or conservation. This report suggests, as an example, possibility of developing Inter-Museum Loan(IML) system inspired by ILL in library service. That will be based on a shared information among museums, and will not only rationalize the process of ordinary job, but also will make effective contribution to public service.

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The aim of this paper is to develop a system which recommends an attractive quotation for any user's context from huge amount of texts available in the web. As the first step in the development of this Quotation Recommending System, we focus on a major example of the quotation, Proverb. We propose several algorithms recommending a Proverb suitable for a given context by matching context with proverb, and evaluate and compare the performance among them.

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The average sentence length were compared to the publication dates, in Children's books, which had been published through years. The negative correlations between publication date and average sentence length, which signify that the sentences in children's books tend to become shorter. Also, the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation in sentences of a book were studied, in two series. There seemed no tendency in the coefficient of variation.

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There are various analytical programs, databases and bibliography in biology and they are often integrated and used. Therefore, we at National Institute of Genetics (NIG) developed Web APIs of over 120 functions and opened them to the public. As a result, users of NIG systems can combine several services as if the user has the large scale system. Furthermore, the know-how of the combination can be shared as a workflow. We introduce the application of Web API in biology.

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To realize efficient utilization of data resources on the Internet, we developed the database for databases named "Bio-metadatabase". Bio-metadatabase is not only the collection of URL for publicly available databases but also the collection of their access methods including parameters accepted by CGIs provided by the sites. We also expect that Bio-metadatabase will be a core resource to design the semantic Web services and allow us to create user-oriented work-benches for bioinformatics data analysis. In this paper, we described various aspects of our Bio-metadatabase and some ideas with this database such as the one-stop query data retrieval system from multiple sites and the workbench for evolutional analysis of influenza viruses.

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There are a lot of interests on extraction methods for finding associations between diseases and genes from literatures such as MEDLINE abstracts. The strength of association between a gene and a disease can be measured by the number of articles in which the gene and the disease co-occur. However, this method cannot identify specific genes to a particular disease because a highly ranked gene may have association with other diseases. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that extracts a group of associated genes with a given disease and prioritizes them in terms of their specificities to the disease. This enables the identification of associated genes that are expected to have fewer side effects, which contributes to efficient drug developments. Our proposed method incorporates transitive associations between the disease and genes based on the frequency of co-occurrence of gene terms. Furthermore, we evaluate the precision of ranking algorithm using a public dataset.

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National institute of advanced science and technology (AIST) has developed network database system for thermophysical properties data (TPDB) and opened it on internet. In addition, Japan society for thermophysical properties launched thermophysical properties database whose system is same as AIST one. These database systems are available through installation database software "InetDBGV" and TPDS-web/full program running on web browser. From TPDB version 3.0.6, multiple concurrent connection and cross searching function were equipped with InetDBGV. Because of these functions, InetDBGV comes to play a role of integrated system.

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In order to do the sustainable supply of materials considered environmental problems in Earth, the necessary information in materials design and selection is discussed and the Materials-Risk-Index is proposed. The index consists of three kinds of risk index of the sustainable supply, environmental variation and toxicity of materials. In this report, the conceptual design of the database to store the information about three risk indexes was considered. If the database and mechanical properties databases described by XML were cooperated, it was introduced that the sustainability of supply and a guide of new material design in heat resistance alloys.

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In order to examine central concepts and their relationships within review texts, central concepts and their structures for each text genre are extracted and compared. The analyzed data consists totally of reviews for "Web Magazine of Books" (960 review articles covering approximately 5,521 books). The characteristic vocabularies of each genre are extracted according to frequency differences with the total texts and the genre texts. Based on co-occurrence frequencies, the main vocabularies are visualized as a network.

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This study analyzes an early trilogy by Haruki Murakami using measurements for word occurrences and co-occurrences, and constructs word networks for the three novels. We particularly focus on the common character Nezumi throughout the three novels, and analyze the co-occurred words for Nezumi. The results indicate that the frequency with which the name Nezumi appears corresponds strongly to the centrality or peripherality of his role within the novel. Finally, through a systematic comparison of our quantitative methodology to more traditional methodologies within literary studies, we discuss the effectiveness of our approach for literary interpretation.

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The purpose of this research is to identify the distinctive words and concepts that characterize a literary style of an author. The present study analyzes Shinich Hoshi's early 720 short-short stories in three methods; (i) Based on co-occurrence frequencies, the main vocabularies and their relationships are visualized as a network, (ii) Employing the TF/IDF measure, a set of words distinctive to a story is extracted, (iii) Conceptual categories of each distinctive word are analyzed according to a thesaurus definition of category levels. The paper argues constraint of the length of stories and its effects on the selection of words by the author.

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This study analyzes the complete thirteen volume set of "POLYPHONE", which is a highly respected journal of music criticism within Japan, in order to illustrate and highlight differences between and transitions across periods. To that aim, the paper tentatively categorizes articles into two groups, distinguishing between those referring to pre-twentieth century classical music and post-twentieth century classical music. A network analysis is applied to extract the structure of central concepts within the thoughts of musical critics from the texts of journal articles. The analysis results reveal that the primary key word is 'music'; with 'musical composition', 'creation' and 'period' being strong adjacent words for both concepts. Moreover, while 'century' and 'time' conceptualize the thinking of the earlier period, 'sound' and '-ism (principle)' conceptualize the later period.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the influence that our states of mind have on voluntary verbalization within everyday situations. The target texts for the present study are blog articles that contain affiliate advertising. The independent variable is whether a blog contains affiliate advertising, while the dependent variables are linguistic features quantitatively measured for the blog articles. Contents analysis, linguistic feature analysis, and rhetoric analysis are carried out on blog articles. These analyses provide the following findings: a) Articles with affiliate advertising have more sensibility oriented expressions. b) Articles with affiliate advertising exhibit greater use of emphasis on the writers' opinions and impression enhancement towards the reader through emphasized expressions. c) Articles with affiliate advertising exhibit more "reversed evaluation expressions". The paper argues that differences in the intentions of the writers to elicit purchase behaviors in the blog readers produce such differences.

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In recent years Kansei retrieval systems have been developed to be practical use. We have developed the retrieval system using Kansei parameters based on online book reviews of children's books. There is a growing demand for Kansei retrieval systems that can retrieve the books whose value of Kansei parameters set high manually. Existing Kansei retrieval systems, however, cannot set appropriate value of Kansei parameters to those books featured by strong feelings, impressions or atmosphere, such as very amusing books or very sad. To resolve such problems, we experimented with various combinations of the methods to select the words in online book reviews and to set values of Kansei parameters in order to find the most appropriate combination to set parameters to those books. 1425 book reviews were used to assign the parameters automatically. The result showed that 1)the recall ratio was influenced considerably by the number of the words in book reviews, 2)the highest recall ratio was achieved when 200-300 words were used to assign parameters automatically, and 3)there was really not much difference between the approach of machine learning and multiple linear regression analysis.

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The author has for years been developing statistical indexes on the number of papers and citations for universities and institutes based on the citation index databases of Thomson Reuters (ISI). Recently, there appear some discussions that the disparities among universities have been widened due to the competition encouraging policies by the government after the incorporatization of the national universities in 2004. The author has already publicized the trend of widened disparities between the top 8 national universities and the others up to 2006 in a newspaper article, "Local universities: Threatened research foundations" in The Yomiuri Shimbun. In the present paper, annual developments of the disparities are investigated in detail with the updated data of 2007 and indexes including the HHI: Herfindahl-Hirschman Index on citations as well as the number of papers, in order to get some idea on the future picture.

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Complex issues we face such as sustainability and aging society cannot be solved within an academic discipline and interdisciplinary research is important and therefore needed. In this paper, we propose a methodology to extract interdisciplinary papers by citation network analysis. Using network indicators measuring the extent of interdisciplinary, we performed a case study in sustainability science. We found that combining indicators is an effective way to extract interdisciplinary papers.

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Collaborations in scientific research between universities and industries have been studied mainly based on coauthorship of academic publications, citations of patents, or related statistics. The authors intend to analyze and measure the relations of universities with industries through the information on universities' web pages. In this study, we carried out case studies of seven major national universities to show the nature of information on the university-industry collaborations released on universities' websites in Japan.

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We investigate how to collect and reuse workflows (= knowledge of analysis techniques) in order to develop a semantic web service system for bioinformatics. We have developed a semi-automatic workflow extraction method from biological papers. Our goal is to develop a service to provide workflows for biologists' analysis purposes. In this paper we report interannual changes of bioinformatics analysis techniques, which are found by analyzing collected workflows.

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Recently, various fields of science are becoming increasingly specialization. There is a necessity for performing the research in a lot of fields with collaboration. This paper proposes a recommendation system based on Collaborative Filltering for automatically obtain a research partner from the network. By using data from a bibliographic database, this network is constructed in which the nodes are researchers and two researchers are connected if they have co-authored a paper. The proposed system estimates the usefulness of unknown co-authored researcher using Collaborative Filtering algorithms. This suggested the proposed system can be used for discovering useful researchers.

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How is scientific knowledge transferred? To create new knowledge, research collaboration plays a role not only by sharing knowledge but also transferring knowledge indirectly to other scientists.

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As one of problems before input into information-related-devices, there is the relation between a complete rationality working at the objective world and a definitive rationality of human recognizing it. The rationality working objectively can be expressed as what human had better originally recognize as a same or as a different when he observes two objects if we express it from a point of view he recognizes. This is true between two other objects at the same time or between one object at one time and the same object after some time passed and the difference is one to one between a part and a whole at the same time and before and after some time passes it is one to one between the operation working from outer and a part or a whole. On the other hand, because recognition of human is incomplete, he haven't been able to recognize as a same or a different. This is called as the definitive raionality. We make it clear that he feels opposition and contradiction when he cann't recognize as a different what he should recognize originally as a different. In order to approach this definitive rationality to the complete rationality, it is important to have the awareness of the issues and this is the essence of the concept analysis.

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The control process by the system was considered to be an integrated process of the action process and the information process, and the practice process was caught as an integrated process of the control process and the higher-order information process. Especially, the practice process intended for information and knowledge was taken up, and the introverted practice process was shown as a model of the intelligence activity of the higher organism.

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Thinking process development diagram is a graphical expression from which readers can easily find not only the hierarchy of a given problem but the relationship between the problem and the solution. Although that has been developed as an idea creation support tool in the field of mechanical design, we referred to the restricted version as clamshell diagram to attempt to apply to other fields. In this paper we propose the framework for drawing the diagram of the SQL statement. The basic idea is to supply the hierarchical code fragments of a given SQL statement in the left side of the diagram and to put the meaning written in a natural language in the right. After describing the formulation, we show a few examples of SQL statements and the corresponding diagrams. Moreover we discuss a support system, namely a database of SQL statements, for understanding and writing down the statements.

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We used an eye tracking tool to investigate the effect of user-based, task-based, and query-based properties when people performed information seeking behaviors on the Web on the search engine results pages (SERP). For the analysis of the user experimental data, we integrated information from various sources, including eye tracking data, browser logs, and post-interview data. An analysis of the results indicated that the query type has a dominant effect and implies that SERPs behaviors might be predictable from the type of query.

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