Tree structures are of vital importance, in the history of mankind, in the structuring of information. The Text Encoding Initiative is no exception that depends on tree structures. However, with the recent rise of graph-based information structuring methods, some practitioners of the TEI have directed toward graph-based text encoding, such as the development of <standOff> markup. This paper discusses graphbased structuring of textual types that are difficult to understand structurally with trees, using historical accounting documents as an example.

Letters form the basis for the Humanities: the recognition and conveyance of articulation of the writings are at the heart of research into the Humanities. Its dissemination has traditionally been only carried out by the graphical reproduction of the textual structure. This reproduction mode, however, does not necessarily convey the entirety of researchers' understanding. This paper argues for doing that in digital methods, especially in TEI (Text Encoding Initiative) conformant way, taking an example from encoding of the Japanese earlier dictionaries.

　In this paper, I report on the issues involved in the encoding of language resources for study of the Japanese language history, using (1) modern printed materials, (2) early modern woodblock-printed materials, and (3) diacritical materials in the 11^th century as examples. In addition, I discuss the need for conversion to standard schemas.

　In this presentation，I will discuss the results of a study that applies a guideline of the Text Encoded Initiative (TEI) to reconstruct the text data of Shibusawa Eiichi's diaries and schedules, which are parts of supplementary volumes 1 and 2 of "Shibusawa Eiichi Biographical Materials." The materials are regarded as essential resources for study of modern Japanese history. However, the textual data has never been visualized or analyzed for multifaceted study. In this research, we conducted a structuration of the text data in order to improve the reliability and enable various data to be analyzed. The results are published on the website "Shibusawa Eiichi's Diary." Based on this research, I would like to consider what the structuring of text data using TEI has brought about.

　Tang poem is a well-established of Chinese culture and it is one of the indispensable resources in classical literature. Tang poem has unique stylistic and rhythmic rules. These rules make the reader immersive and feel more relevant to the author. When beginners learn a poem, it is too di!cult to observe the rules when they create poems, but also check whether the rules are right. This study aims to propose a poem generation and evaluation system. We used the existing pre-trained GPT-2 model and automatically generated Tang poems, then the generated poems can be judged by the evaluation system and got a ranked list which is conformed to the rules. We selected 8 random keywords from the Chinese poetry dictionary, and generated 100 samples of poems by each word, then evaluated which poems follow the rules. The results showed that our framework worked in generation and got good results from the evaluation system. As a result, of the 100 poems that were generated, 9.9% of generated poems got greater than or equal to 600 points, 16.8% of generated poems got greater than or equal to 500 points and less than 600 points, and 12.4% of generated poems got greater than or equal to 400 points and less than 500 points. On the other hand, 26.8% of generated poems did not match the writing styles. In the future, we plan to conduct evaluation experiments.

　In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for the sharing of materials in the humanities. On the other hand, constructing a digital archive requires knowledge of information technology and significant cost. This paper proposes a static site generation tool for domain experts to provide digital archives. The generated sites have client-side search, a flexible image viewer, and metadata output capabilities for interoperability. The tool is implemented in Jupyter Notebook format and runs on a Python runtime environment in the cloud, requiring only tabular metadata and images. Our method will enable and facilitate low-cost data sharing.

　Various Chinese excavated materials that have been rediscovered recently act as crucial contemporary materials for the study of ancient China; therefore, there is an urgent need to interpret this ancient Chinese characters’ information and digitize it to broaden the scope of research. Thus, this study aimed to organize the interpreted information from the “Baoshan Chujian (包山楚簡),” one of the excavated materials, into Excel data as a text database. We examined the text encoding initiative markup based on the “Dataset of Ancient Characters on Chinese Excavated Materials.” However, other concerns such as handling “Gaiji (外字)” characters and dealing with binding errors need to be addressed in future studies.

　This paper describes the current status and issues regarding international information technology standards closely related to Japanese cultural resources, treating Cambridge Digital Library as an example.

　In this paper, we discuss the recognition that is required of sighted people in order to enjoy playing video games with blind people in order to contribute to the realization of a symbiotic society, through a practice using the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). Even the teachers who belong to a school for the blind, who are sighted people, were hardly aware of the connection between blind people and video games. However, the experience of playing video games with blind people greatly changed their perception. In addition, the fact that blind people were able to play Super Street Fighter II The New Challengers, a fighting genre, led them to expect that they would be able to play other genres in which intense game play is expected. Therefore, in order for sighted people to enjoy playing video games with blind people, it is necessary for the sighted people to recognize that even blind people can play video games without preconceived notions.

　In recent years, Halal certification and the establishment of prayer rooms have been promoted in Japan, especially in the tourism industry, and an understanding of the Islamic religion is deemed necessary. Furthermore, the promotion of data science education is being promoted as a policy. Therefore, this study aims to develop “Islam × Digital” educational materials that combine the two. Specifically, the materials include text mining focusing on words corresponding to “land” and “sea” in the Qur’an, and markup of the Hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad according to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI). However, the educational effects of these materials have not been evaluated due to the lack of opportunities to use them. Moreover, it is necessary to conduct a survey of Muslim participants to determine whether these materials are appropriate for use as educational materials.

　In recent years, many scholars in digital history have paid more attention to digitalizing the semantic contents written in historical documents by using a knowledge graph. On the other hand, it is not suitable for representing the detail of text descriptions, which is particularly important for the humanities, because it basically deals with highly abstract knowledge resources. To tackle this problem, we propose a data model and editing system for historical knowledge representation with high referentiality to texts, by combining text markup with TEI/XML and knowledge graph description with RDF.