The Journal of Science Policy and Research Management
Online ISSN : 2432-7123
Print ISSN : 0914-7020
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Volume 21, Issue 3_4
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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  • A Study on the Technological and Technical Research Support of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
    Yoshikazu YAMAGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 228-242
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_228
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    In this study, I analyze the technological and technical research support of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and discuss what it ought to be. It is revealed that the needs for the research support are being diversified by support items and by research fields, and being sophisticated. Each of 3 procurement methods, (a) employment of supporters to research units, (b) outsourcing and (c) common support program within the institute, is important and has specific problems and merits respectively. Accordingly, it is necessary to make full use of 3 procurement methods and to set up the function to handle the whole of the research support, based on the trend of the needs. In addition, I propose the system that consists of the best-mix of 3 procurement methods and the hub-function that promotes the whole of the research support.
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  • Case Study of Successful Linkages between Russian Research Organizations and Japanese Companies
    Hidemi YASHIRO, Toshiya KOBAYASHI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 243-251
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_243
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    This research investigated the means that have been used to transfer the results of fundamental re- search performed in Russia to the development stage in Japan. In Japan, there is a shortage of fundamental research. At the same time, Japanese companies are reducing their expenses for basic product development and the technological resources for basic product development. On the other hand, in Russia there is an appreciable amount of fundamental research that has the potential to provide valuable input into various product development efforts in other countries. To make up for the lack of fundamental research and the funds for such research in Japan, some Japanese companies are using Russian sources to supply basic research to fuel their own R&D efforts. Cases of Russian research organizations and Japanese companies are presented as successful examples of this knowledge transfer.
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  • The Value Change Innovation Process : An Introduction to Innovator's Propaganda Research
    Masaya MIYAZAKI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 252-268
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_252
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    This paper portrays Christensen's "disruptive innovation" as a process of "value change" and of "product concept change." Based on the reinterpretation, two assignments of a firm which intends to develop a new product and attempts diffusing the new product into market are represented: (1) "product concept formation" and "business environment establishment" as a presentation action of the firm's subjective value, (2) "industrial value construction" as a fusion action of the each actors' value claims, which includes not only firms but also customers. It is true there is a "double uncertainty" in a series of new product development & marketing activities, but the uncertainty makes room for firms to construct favorable business environment. In such a world, it is critical for an innovator that propaganda activities are executed to propel "value change innovation."
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  • Employment of Foreign Scientists and Engineers in Japan
    Yukiko MURAKAMI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 269-283
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_269
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    This paper studies on the employment of foreign scientists and engineers (S&E) in Japan, focusing on the reasons for the employment, the relationship between the employment and overseas activities, and their roles and contributions in non-profit research institutes, private companies emphasizing R&D, and information-service industries. One of the notable findings is that securing a certain amount of capable S&E is the most important reason for employing them; however, this does not mean hiring internationally distinguished S&E. Most foreign S&E do the same work as Japanese S&E, and their performance is of a similar level. In other words, Japanese and foreign S&E are substitutable to a large extent. This study also provides empirical evidence that organizations performing collaborative R&D with foreign organizations and/or outsourcing R&D and design overseas tend to employ foreign S&E. Foreigners' specific knowledge about foreign markets, laws, and technology, and foreign language skills are valuable for those organizations.
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  • Innovation by Interaction between Scientific Insight and In-company Technology : The Fuji Photo Film Co.,Ltd. Medical X-ray Digital Imaging System
    Koichi MABUCHI, Tetsumi HORIKOSHI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 284-293
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_284
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    The object of this paper is to clarify the interaction between scientific insight and in-company technology by discussing the R/D process of the Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Computed Radiography (FCR), medical X-ray digital imaging system. Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. started FCR research in 1975, showed the prototype in 1981 and launched the first commercial product in 1983. The product made it possible to provide high quality X-ray images on conventional X-ray film. The most difficult problem was designing the Imaging Plate (IP), which registers the intensity of the applied X-rays to change them to visible light. The IP concept is based on both photostimulated luminescence, discovered in the 19th century, and multi-layer application technology on polymer, which the company has used in photo film making for a long time. The interaction between scientific insight and in-company technology led to the innovation.
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  • The Importance of Shared Themes in Learning Regions
    Akiko KANAI, Hiroshi MATSUBARA, Kiyoshi NIWA
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 294-306
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_294
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    Recently, the idea of the "region" in which knowledge and technology are created has become a hot topic. The purpose of this paper is to argue that the learning region with a "shared theme" has the potential to foster regional learning, by which a region produces competitive superiority. First, on the basis of a survey of medium-sized and small manufacturers in Higashi-Osaka, a leading industry agglomeration region of Japan, this paper demonstrates that, in addition to the conventional elements, the "shared theme" element also affects the learning region. Second, through a case study of the Higashi-Osaka satellite production project, which is an advanced learning region case with a "shared theme", this paper shows how the "shared theme" element promotes regional learning by clarifying their roles in region, improving number of chances for participation and motivations, and screening participants through the process of natural selection.
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  • Toward a Regional Knowledge Creation Management Framework for Cluster Promotions
    Haigang SONG
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 307-321
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_307
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    There are four well-established theories and one emerging theory that try to explain how regional innovation happens. The former are (1) Traditional agglomeration theory, (2) Networked and embedded production theory, (3) New competition and trade theory, and (4) Knowledge economy theory. The latter is regional knowledge creation theory. In this paper we revisit and evaluate the four well-established theories and indicate some theoretical shortcomings. To overcome these limitations, we review an emerging regional knowledge creation theory, and build an integrated and multidimensional epistemological framework based on this new view. The objectives of this work were three: first, to revisit the previous innovation theories, indicate their limitations, and abstract the important factors from them; second, to review an emerging theory: regional knowledge creation theory; third, to build a multidimensional epistemological framework of regional innovation to overcome the theoretical shortcomings by synthesizing knowledge creation theory and the previous regional innovation theories. We conclude that the epistemological framework could contribute to a better understanding of regional innovation strategies, the more effective implementation of regional innovation initiatives, and the advancement of knowledge science.
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  • A Case Study of Marketing Research Education for Researchers and Engineers at Ube Industries, Ltd. and the Group Companies
    Kazuhiko OKAMOTO, Masanobu DEGUCHI
    Article type: Article
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 322-328
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_322
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    In this report, we describe an end user education at Ube Industries, Ltd. and its group companies. The end user education means the information retrieval education for researchers and engineers and its curriculum includes not only information retrieval techniques but also an introduction to marketing research. The aim of the marketing education is to make the researchers and engineers understand the necessity of product concepts resonated with customers. We carry out two kind of seminars annually as marketing research education. The one is supported by the marketing data bank of the Japan management association (JMA) research institute inc. The other is supported by the graduate school of innovation and technology management of Yamaguchi university. We describe the full regarding these seminars and raise future issues.
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  • [title in Japanese]
    Article type: Bibliography
    2007 Volume 21 Issue 3_4 Pages 329-332
    Published: August 08, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: December 29, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.20801/jsrpim.21.3_4_329
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