1912年えばーらいん氏ガ無保定去勢法ヲ公ニセル際擾騒豫防トシテ局所麻醉ヲ應用セヨト指摘セシモ其術式ニ就テハ何等具體的説明ヲ與ヘザリキ爾後去勢ニ關スル報告ハ多々アリシモ皆麻醉ニ關シテハ少シモ記述スル所無ク漸ク1919年ニ至リはどそん氏ガ副睾丸ニこかいん溶液(7%)6c.c.ヲ注射シテ無痛去勢ヲ行ヒシコトヲ報告セリ斯ノ如ク去勢ニ關シ麻醉法ノ研究セラレザルハ由來本手術ヲ無麻醉ノ下ニ行フ習慣アリシガ爲メニシテ特ニ麻醉ノ必要ヲ説ク者尠カリシガ故ナリ
余ハ3年前佐藤馬政局技師ノ厚意ニ由リ岸本博士ノ許可ヲ得テ馬政局去勢馬54頭ヲ水戸市外ニ於テ麻醉實驗ニ供シタル以來去勢ヲ實行スル機會アル毎ニ局所麻醉法ノ研究ヲ爲セリ獨文中ニ報告セルハ右54頭ノ成績ニシテ大略下記ノ如キ術式ニ據レルモノナリ
14頭ハ一側ノ精系ノミノ麻醉ニ1%こかいんーあどれなりん溶液4c.c.ヲ用ヒ22頭ハ尚此ノ外ニ同液2c.c.ヲ陰嚢後部ノ麻醉ニ加ヘ18頭ハ尚此ノ外ニ同液2c.c.ヲ陰嚢前部ノ麻醉ニ加ヘタリ然ルニ全ク無痛ニ手術ヲ行ヒ得タルハ最後ノ18頭中15頭第2組22頭中14頭第1組14頭中3頭ニシテ明ニ精系及陰嚢ヲ完全ニ麻醉スル必要アルヲ知レリ即チ手術ヲ如何ニ迅速ニ行フトモ一側ノ麻醉ニ1%こかいんーあどれなりん溶液8c.c.以上ヲ使用スルニ非ザレバ毎囘完全ナル無痛去勢ヲ期待シ能ハザルナリ
今日迄ノ實驗ニ據レバ一側ノ去勢ニ10c.c.ヲ用ヒ注射針ノ刺入點ヲ4個トナスヲ宜シトス而シテ刺入部ハ出來得ル限リ外鼠蹊輪ニ近カル可シ
麻醉完全ナル時ハ陰嚢截開後睾丸ハ長ク下方ニ垂レ下リ精系固定時ニ之レヲ牽引スルノ要ナク總テノ點ニ於テ去勢技術ヲ容易ナラシムルモノナリ而モ本法ニ由リ創ノ治癒ニ障碍ヲ來スガ如キ虞無キモノトス

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Studies in acidosis have recently made a remarkable progress and many valuable reports in connection with it have already been published. The subject is, as is widely known, of great interest both from a physiological and pathological point of view. It would be of no benefit, however, to describe here what acidosis is or what kinds of researches have hitherto been made on the subject. For three years I have devoted myself to the study of this subject with the view of finding out its practical value in veterinary science.
As a first step in my experiments, I have measured the CO₂ content of horse blood plasma by means of VAN SLYKE'S method which was pulished in 1917 and is now generally recommended as the best method for diagnosing acidosis.
The blood used for my experiments was obtained from the jugular vein of the horse, care being taken in doing so not to allow the blood to come in contact with the air. According to the studies of STADI and VAN SLYKE, it is not necessary, for the measurement of the CO₂ content, to saturate the venous blood with CO₂, at the same tension as in alveolar air, if the blood is drawn from a vein without any stasis. The venous blood employed in my experiments, therefore, is not subjected to any process which was to be carried out for the purpose of saturating the blood with CO₂.
The results obtained from a number of experiments are as follows:
(1) CO₂, content of blood-plasma in the normal horse.
Experiments in 30 horses (military) show that the CO₂, content of blood-plasma varies from 72.1 to 52.8 vol %, that is, 62.6 vol % on the average.
It must be noticed here that even in one and the same horse there is a difference between the CO₂ content measured in the morning and that obtained in the evening.
(2) CO₂, content of blood-plasma in the horse under abnormal conditions.
(a) Fatigue.
In horses which have taken a run of about 390km, the CO₂, content has fallen below normal, all of them being in a condition of acidosis; the content of CO₂, in 8 tired horses averages 47.0 vol % (53.2-38.1). Comparing the condition of some excessively tired horses with that of horses in a state of slight fatigue, I have found that the CO₂, content in blood-plasma, that is, the lowered alkaline reserve, decreases according to the degree of fatigue, so the blood-plasma of the most severely tired horse contains the least volume of CO₂.
(b) Podophyllitis, colic, influenza pectoralis, and morbus maculosus.
In podophyllitis caused by severe exercise, the CO₂ content of blood plasma decreases considerably. An examination of the blood-plasma obtained from 7 horses suffering from an attack of podophyllitis showed that the CO₂ content averages 54.1 vol %, which means that almost all of them were in a condition of acidosis.
It is no unusual matter to find acidosis is proved in a case of severe colic. According to my measurements, the CO₂ content of the blood-plasma taken from a horse which has been suffering from colic so severely that he died several hours later, was 32.7 vol %.
In influenza pectoralis I have found that the CO₂ content of the blood-plasma is 27.1 vol % in its severe form and 50.0 vol % when mild.
The blood-plasma taken from a horse affected with morbus maculosus contains 45.7 vol. % of CO₂.
(3) Chlorine and phosgen gas poisoning.
In a room which was tightly shut up, a horse was exposed for 10 minutes to chlorine gas, the concentration of which was 0.2 vol. ‰. The CO₂ content of the blood-plasma taken from the animal decreased from 67.3% to 49.4%, and when the blood concentration increased to its maximum the symptom of pulmonary oedema was most remarkable.

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The broth used as the basis of various culture-media for bacteria does not contain so much protein as to meet the demand of the pathogenic bacteria for nitrogen and a certain amount of peptone should, therefore, be added to it. MARTIN recommended a process of meat digestion with the addition of pepsin while HOTTINGER used pancreatin for the same purpose; they obtained a broth with so much peptone that no addition of commercial peptone was required, but these methods are somewhat complex and require much time.
Recently the author devised a very simple method to prepare a broth rich in peptone, obtaining a good result by the use of papain, a vegetable digestive ferment, for the digestion of meat Papain acts most energetically at 85°C, unlike pepsin and trypsin, and its action is complete in a few minutes, disappearing at a temperature of nearly 100°C. The process is as follows:
1. For general use. Mix one pound of horse-flesh or beef with one litre of water; add 1.5gr. of papain and boil the mixture over the fire or in KOCH'S steam sterilizer. As the temperature of the mixture passes 85°C, 70% of the protein of the meat will be transformed into peptone. Filter and wash the residue with water; mix the filtrate and the water used in washing the residue; fill up to 3 litres by adding water; add 30gr. of sodium chloride. In the filtrate thus prepared is contained about 2% of peptone.
2. For preparing materials for immunization. The process is similar to that just described above, but the quantity of papain should be reduced to 1/3 and the total amount of the broth up to one litre. In this case the protein digested is as much as 40% and the content of peptone in the broth as mounts to about 5, 4%.

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(1) ふぉるまりん眞空消毒ハ獸毛消毒ニ適ス
(2) 本消毒方法ニヨリ消毒セラレタル獸毛ハ比較的損傷セズ
(3) 輸入獸類檢疫所ニ於ケル獸毛消毒ハ其ノ實施ニヨリ好結果ヲ得ルモノト信ズ

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本編ハ著者ガ既ニ獸疫調査所研究報告第4號及第5號ニ於テ報告シタル研究成績ノ摘要ナリ
著者ハ先ヅ本症ノ流行状況.症候及剖觀ヲ略述シ微生物學的檢査ニ於テハ本症ニ罹リテ斃死シタル雛ノ腸内容物ヨリ一種特異ノ嫌氣性桿菌ヲ分離シ本症ハ外國ニ於テ流行スル雛白痢症ト異ナルコト本菌ノ形態本菌トBac.Welchiiトノ差別ヲ述ベ動物試驗ニ於テハ本菌培養ヲ健康ナル雛ニ餌食セシムルトキハ發病シテ其症候剖觀共ニ天然發病ノモノニ異ナラズ本菌ハ家兎もるもっと南京鼠鳩ニ對シテモ病原性ヲ有スルコトヲ掲ゲタリ尚著者ハ本症ノ發生セル家禽場ノ土壤.種卵ノ卵殻及牝鷄ノ排泄腔ノ内容物ヨリ本菌ヲ分離シ更ニ進デ實驗的ニ雛ニ於ケル本症ノ傳染ハ染毒卵殼片ノ餌食ニヨルコト卵殻ニ附著セル病毒滅殺ノ爲メ種卵ヲ2分間2%くれしん或ハ2%くれぞーる石鹸液中ニ浸漬スルモ孵化ニ惡影響ナキコトヲ證明シ本症ノ豫防法トシテ本症流行スル家禽場ニ於テ産セル種卵ハ豫メ2分間2%くれしん或ハ2%くれぞーる石鹸液ニ浸漬シテ卵殼ニ附著セル病毒ヲ滅殺シタル後孵化セシムルコトヲ推獎セリ

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1. Calves subjected to a natural infection proved to be immune against subcutaneous inoculation of virulent blood carried out 20-34 days after their recovery. To determine the duration of the immunity produced by the natural infection further investigations are necessary.
2. Subcutaneous inoculation of blood, saliva, vesicular content, and emulsion of spleen and lymphatic gland from an infected animal produced the disease in the calves experimented on. The minimum dose of virulent blood for a calf was 2c.c.
3. The blood-serum taken from the animal recovered from one attack of this disease was found to have a protective action which can be intensified by repeated injections of the virulent blood (100, 500, 1000c.c.)
4. The period of incubation in this disease is sometimes as short as 24 hours. To test, therefore, the protective action of an immune serum, injection of serum first and of virus one or two days later is preferable to the injection of both at the same time.
5. The animals treated with the immune serum in a dose of 0, 53c.c. per kilo body-weight proved to be immune against injection of 10c.c. of virulent blood carried out 3 weeks later. To determine the relation between the dose of serum and the duration of immunity further investigations are necessary.

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