The purpose of this paper is to compare numerical and experimental results for clamped symmetrically laminated plates with various shapes. By applying the numerical approach using Green's function for a static bending problem proposed by the authors, the free vibration of plates is analyzed. First, as the numerical examples, it has been attempted to estimate natural frequencies of clamped elliptical plates and convergency of natural frequencies is discussed. Next, by the vibration tests of plates with various shapes (square; rectangle, circle, and ellipse), natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained. From the comparison between experimental and numerical results, it follows that one can estimate accurately natural frequency and mode shape by the numerical approach proposed by the authors.

抄録全体を表示

Rotating blades of steam turbines are the essential machine parts to convert fluid force to mechanical force, and high reliability in operation, especially for vibratory strength, is the most important requirement. The vibratory characteristics and strength can be examined basically by laboratory element tests at the design stage. However, an actual loading test in a test turbine facility is the most assured and integrated method to verify the blade reliability. Due to restrictions on the quantity of steam supplied to the test turbine, the actual loading test is usually carried out using a scale-model turbine instead of a full-scale model turbine. Generally mechanical and aerodynamic laws of similarity are applied to the scale-model turbine. In the case of vibratory characteristics, however, there are related factors, such as damping, for which applicability of similarity laws is uncertain ; hence it should be confirmed whether the scale-model turbine test is effective in evaluating the vibratory strength of the rotating blades. Both full-scale model turbine tests and scale-model turbine tests were carried out under the same operating conditions in the same test turbine facility in order to investigate the vibration similarity. This paper shows the effectiveness of the actual loading test using the scale-model turbine as a verification test of blade reliability for vibratory strength.

抄録全体を表示

One of the important ways to increase reliability of the power plant is to measure the vibration of steam turbine blades in service operation. The measurement of the rotating blades is usually executed by strain gage, however, since the turbine has multiple stages, it is generally difficult to attach the strain gages to the rotating blades obtain signals from the gages, especially in the intermediate stages. Furthermore, gages and wirings must endure high centrifugal force of rotating blades, steam pressure, and moisture in the turbine under operation. This paper presents noncontact measurement technology Which measured the vibration of the steam turbine blades during operation using a laser beam installed in a stationary casing. Furthermore, this paper delineates technical problem in the measurement of the steam turbine blades, such as the Severe environment in which light is irregularly reflected, the durability of sensors, and small amplitude due to the shroud blade.

抄録全体を表示

The family of component mode synthesis method (including Super-Element method) is one of the most effective method to solve the vibration response of large scale problems, due to the reduction of degrees of freedom and the computational effort to solve time consuming eigenvalue problem/ But, because of the inaccuracy of the above mentioned methods, they can not be applied to accurately estimate the response at the higher frequency range. In this paper, an accurate mode superposition method is applied in component mode synthesis method. Numerical result shows that by using the present mode superposition technique, even with truncation of lower modes as well as the higher ones, response at the higher range frequencies can be predicted successfully.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, we propose a new simple inertia identification method using a disturbance observer. Generally, identification methods require complex algorithms, which are not suitable to build in a motion controller. The authors found that the disturbance observer can be used for inertia identification. The proposed identification method has a simple algorithm using the internal signals of the disturbance observer. The convergence property is proven by using the orthogonality relation of the disturbance estimation components. The experiment was performed by controlling the DC-brushless servomotor with an unknown load inertia. The results show that exact inertia identification is achievable by using the proposed algorithm.

抄録全体を表示

The cochlea is known as one of the discriminating organs in the auditory system. Recently this organ has been considered not only to receive sound passively, but also to produce acoustic energy actively in order to sharpen its own tuning function. Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) are recognized as a byproduct of this active function. Although many reports related to OAE have been published, there are still basic unknown points of the OAE, e.g. ripple of stimulus-frequency OAE and latency of transiently evoked OAE. Therefore, in this paper, first, a one-dimensional model of the cochlea, which includes the active function of outer hair cells, is established. Then comparing numerical results with the experimental data, an attempt is made to clarify the mechanism of OAE theoretically.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, a slender and cordlike differential mechanism is proposed, and the capability of its motion is examined. It has a high number of degrees of motion, many more than the number in the input required to drive it, since it is composed of many differential mechanism units, all of which are two-dimensionally connected to each other. Every unit is made up of a wired pulley which is free around the axis connecting two links. The mechanism is driven by three or more wires on which tension forces changing sinusoidally are applied by DC motors under feedback control using a personal computer. Consequently, progressive transverse wave motion similar to the serpentine movement of snakes has been successfully generated on the mechanism.

抄録全体を表示

This paper deals with a new damping device for suppression of wind-induced cable vibrations. For the purpose of developing the new damping device using viscous-shear resisting force, model tests are carried out to examine the relationship between viscous-shear resisting force and parameters such as amplitude, velocity, and temperature. Cable vibration tests on a full-scale bridge are also performed. As a result, the effectiveness of the proposed damper is verified.

抄録全体を表示

In order to ensure the high-speed and high-precision control of trajectory tracking for robot manipulators, it is necessary to construct a precise dynamic model by which the manipulator is controlled. In the motion equation of the manipulator, the driving force is a very important term from the standpoint of control. We assume the nonlinearities of the manipulator and driving system are expressed as nonlinear functions between the driving force and the control input of the driving motors. This paper proposes an identification method for the nonlinearities of a robot manipulator by means of a neural network. It was experimentally confirmed that the proposed method is effective in the case of trajectory tracking control for a 2-link manipulator.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, we consider a robust vibration control of a continuous body structure, such as plate structure. Modeling of a complex structure composed by a continuous body is difficult. FEM is usually used for direct modeling of an actual structure. However, FEM model has originally structural errors and FEM model has so large degree-of-freedom (DOF) that a vibration control system can hardly be designed. This model is reduced to modal coordinate in order to decrease DOF of FEM model. However, the control system becomes unstable frequently because of structural errors and ignored high order modes. We show a design method of a robust vibration control system based on H^∞ control theory. The robustness against structural errors and ignored high order modes can be realized by H^∞ control. Both the control performance and the robustness of the closed loop system can be improved by applying adequate weighting functions of H^∞ control. The effectiveness of the method is verified by the results of both analysis and experiment.

抄録全体を表示

This paper considers the simultaaneous structure/control design synthesis of a wing with an active control system called the gust load alleviation (GLA) system. The introduction of fuzzy goals for both the gust-induced stress with the control system off and the structural mass is the primary focus in the present paper. A simple wind tunnel model excited by a random gust is studied. The thickness of a FEM beam element modeling the wing spar and the feedback control gain are optimized to maximize the fuzzy decision with the prioritized design requirements, e. g., the control system's stability characteristics, and the standard deviation of the gust-induced stress and control surface deflection angle with the control system on. The sequential linear approximation method is proposed to obtain the optimum solutions for nonlinear multigoal problems with fuzzy goals.

抄録全体を表示

We have applied H₂ control to an electrohydraulic shaking table. In the application of H₂ control to this device, we propose a method in which the H₂ controller is designed based on a model of a whole analog feedback control system to make as much use as possible of a loop shaping function of robust control. This method is very practical because no changes in the analog feedback system are needed. As a result of the application to a 1-axis electrohydraulic shaking table of National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, the Characteristics of a position control have been improved by 30% from 10.6 Hz to 13.6 Hz.

抄録全体を表示

A new displacement measuring method using variations in sound frequency and length of an air column in a closed resonant pipe has been investigated. This noncontact displacement sensor is oscillated by the feedback loop, which is composed of a speaker, microphone and phase-locked loop. The sound pressure takes the largest value at the resonant frequency. The displacement of the measuring object corresponds to the impedance of one end of the air column. Thus the displacement of the measuring object has good correspondence to the resonant frequency of the acoustic system. The original resonant point is measured by transfer function from the FFT analyzer. An electrical analogy is adopted for theoretical analysis of the acoustic system. The results of the calculation and experiments coincide significantly.

抄録全体を表示

To achieve 3-dimensional (3-D) shape inference from image brightness, it is necessary to know the reflectance map of the surface of the object. In this paper, we propose an algorithm with a neural network for identifying the parameters in the reflectance map and the 3-D shape inference. From the numerical results, it is found that the algorithm reaches a reasonable solution.

抄録全体を表示

This paper deals with a new integrated measurement method for application to a curved metal surface cutting system based on fuzzy inference. This system can recognize a measuring point on the object. This measurement system has two LED displacement sensors and two CCD cameras. The LED displacement sensor's spotlight is used for the active stereo sensing method. In addition, the LED displacement sensor's outputs are used for calibrating camera parameters. Therefore, we can calibrate the camera parameters easily. Then, we use neural networks to compensate the output of image processing for some errors, such as camera parameter error and lens distortion. By utilizing the neural networks, we can use as precise an image processing measurement system as possible. We use a multi-sensor integration system based on the fuzzy set theory. Fuzzy inference's input consists of information on the change in sensor output and the position change of the sensor system, together with the environmental data of a sensor. For this integration system, we can use the sensory system precisely. The proposed system is shown to be effective through extensive experimentation.

抄録全体を表示

Errors involved in bending vibration intensity measurement consist of systematical errors due to finite difference and random errors. Both errors are investigated through analysis and experimentation. A correction factor is proposed to minimize the errors due to the finite difference for the general measuring condition. The following results are obtained. ( 1 ) The method which uses 9 measuring points is recommended for measuring the intensity in a far-field condition. ( 2 ) The condition to minimize the random errors is proposed; the product of wave number k and the space Δ between sensors is specified in the paper. ( 3 ) The method which uses 4 measuring points gives a larger value than the actual one.

抄録全体を表示

In recent years, the fuzzy control method has been applied in many practical fields with the development of computer technology. In these applications, it is freqently pointed out that fuzzy control is effective especially for complex or nonlinear systems. This study deals with a hydraulic servo system based on fuzzy reasoning, for the purpose of investigating the applicability of the fuzzy control method. The hydraulic servo system analyzed in this study is one which is composed of a 4-way spool valve and a load cylinder. As a result of experiment and simulation, it was confirmed that the control method could be applied with high accuracy along with high-speed response, in a region of considerably wide system parameters.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes the modeling method of the amount of directional correction for a small tunnelling robot. We have already proposed the linear time series and the neural modeling methods. The neural network has a 4-layer construction with parameters for soil hardness for application to various soil hardnesses. In this study, we use a 3-layer neural network without parameters for soil hardness to form the model for the amount of directional correction which can be applied to various soil hafdnesses. The input of the neural network is the pitching and yawing angle difference and the head angle of pitching and yawing directions. The output of the neural network is the amount of pitching and yawing directional correction. This neural network learns from errors between experimental data and output of the neural network. We investigated a comparison of the linear time series model and the proposed method, the modeling of the amount of both pitching and yawing directional correction, and the relationship between model order and modeling error. These investigations and modeling results showed the validity of this method.

抄録全体を表示

The authors developed several kinds of robots having a smaller number of actuators than of links. Motion control of these robots was successfully accomplished using dynamic interference forces. For example, we developed a swing and mobile robot constituted of pivoted double-link arms and one motor. This robot could shift from one horizontal bar to an another by utilizing vibrational excitation. In this study, we elaborated a robot composed of three serial links with a curved contour and made it perform several dynamic actions. The outer contour of each link has a large curvature, and the links are connected serially. The outer two links of the robot have the same configuration although the center one is different. Two DC servomotors are installed in the outer two links. They can rotate freely around the connected joints and constitute a part of a large arc at a certain angle by controlling the motion of the outer two links. This robot can induce large vibration on all links by swinging the outer two links while lying on the floor and finally bringing itself to a standing position. On the other hand, the robot can lie down from a standing posture without sustaining a shock on impact. The robot can perform actions like those of young children on the floor. In this paper, we mainly report the concept of the robot, the simulation procedure and experimental results for the standing-up action.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes the swing-up trajectory learning and motion control of an inverted pendulum control robot based on fuzzy logic. The learning algorithm obtaining the optimal swing-up trajectory of the inverted pendulum is constructed based on fuzzy logic. From the experimental results, it is confirmed that the optimal swing-up trajectory can be obtained by the present fuzzy learning algorithm. The swing-up and stabilizing fuzzy control system is constructed with the variable-gain fuzzy logic controller and the velocity feedback loops. Then the experimental results for the swing-up and stabilizing fuzzy control are shown, and the excellent performance of the present fuzzy motion control system is clarified. Furthermore, a numerical simulation has been carried out, and the numerical simulation results agree well with the experimental results.

抄録全体を表示

An assembly task is considered to be a set of motions to obtain the relative proper position of two objects. The set of motions consists of many elemental jobs. This paper proposes the following points for a planning sequence for elemental jobs. The first point is the rate of the freedom change of motion of objects per job step, which is considered to be desirable when it is set small in the sequential flow of elemental jobs. The second point is a partial degree of constraint that is considered to be disirable when it is set large in the early steps. The third point is the ability of an elemental job motion, force line detection and contact preservation. Simple jobs that can handle the forte line are selected as the elemental jobs. Then, a sequential flow that consists of simple elemental jobs is selected. This procedure is adopted for the task of putting a lid on a box.

抄録全体を表示

An optimal operational planning method is applied to a field test of a phosphoric acid fuel cell cogeneration system installed at a hotel. From the viewpoint of energy saving, the operational strategy of constituent equipment is determined so as to minimize the primary energy consumption according to the energy demands measured. An advisory system is also introduced to assist operators in operating the cogeneration system rationally on the basis of the result of optimization calculation. Concerning performance characteristics of a fuel cell cogeneration unit, on/off and standby statuses are considered. These characteristics are expressed by binary and continuous variables, and the above optimization problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming one. Through the field test, it is ascertained that there exists a high possibility of saving primary energy by introducing the optimal operation proposed in this paper.

抄録全体を表示

The shrink fitter improves the fitting strength of the shrink-fitted assembly between a ceramic shaft and a metal ring. For a thinner shrink fitter in the radial direction, a material which has a coefficient of thermal expansion as high as possible and an appropriate mechanical strength at the elevated temperature is needed. In this paper, a new type of shrink fitter, "a hybrid shrink fitter", containing liquid such as a fusible alloy, has been proposed. The specimen matcrials are Al₂O₃ and Si₃N₄ for the shafts, SUS304 for casings of the shrink fitter and SUS403 for the metal rings. Fitting strengths were measured at a temperature range of room temperature up to 600°C. The fitting strengths decreased with temperature up to 200°C or 300°C and increased at higher temperatures. It was found that the hybrid shrink fitter had a higher apparent coefficient of thermal expansion than the monolithic shrink fitter. The effect of the number of slits on the fitting strength at elevated temperature was also studied. The slit was essential in improving the fitting strength. The number of slits did not affect the fitting strength-temperature relationship if the number was 2 or more. The longevity of the hybrid shrink fitter was less than that of the monolithic shrink fitter. The reasons for the shorter life of the hybrid shrink fitter were discussed.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper, the squeeze film characteristics between two circular parallel plates containing a single central air bubble with sinusoidal relative motion are investigated theoretically based on the nonlinearized theory considering the combined effects of air bubble and fluid film inertia, which was derived in the previous paper. The nonlinear ordinary differential equation with respect to the radius of the air bubble is solved by the Runge-Kutta-Gill method, and then the air bubble pressure and fluid film pressure are determined. The numerical results are compared with the analytical results based on the perturbation method. From the numerical results, the combined effects of the single central air bubble and fluid film inertia on squeeze film characteristics, such as the radius of the air bubble, air bubble pressure and fluid film reaction force, are clarified.

抄録全体を表示

The 1.5-order modified Reynolds equation for solving the ultrathin film gas lubrication problem is derived using an accurate higher-order slip-flow model. This model has two differences from the current second-order slip-flow model. One is that the accommodation coefficient regarding momentum is involved. The other is that the coefficient of the second-order slip-flow term is 4/9 times smaller than that for the current second-order slip-flow model. From the physical consideration of momentum transfer, the accommodation coefficient is found to have no effect on the second-order slip-flow term. Numerical calculations using the 1.5-order modified Reynolds equation are performed. The results are compared with those using three kinds of current modified Reynolds equations: those using the first-and second-order slip-flow models and that using the Boltzmann equation. From these comparisons, it is found that the present modified Reynolds equation provides intermediate characteristics between those from the first-and second-order slip-flow models, and provides an approximation closer to the exact solution resulting from use of the Boltzmann-Reynolds equation.

抄録全体を表示

To develop a gas bearing with the highest possible damping, we clarify the damping characteristics of a one-dimensional grooved gas bearing model in relation to the squeeze number σ, groove number N_g, depth G and width L_g. The bearing region between two feeding ports is divided by some grooves. From numerical analysis, it is found that N_g, G and L_g have little effect on static stiffness atσ=0. The damping B in the low-σ region decreases when N_g, G and L_g respectively become large. But B in the high-σ region increases with the increase in G and has an extremum value B_opt atσobt_</SUB> which corresponds to the local squeeze numberσ of ten in the divided region. Thus, we can realize a high damping bearing at resonance frequency by decreasing L_g as much as possible, choosing N_g so as to tuneσ_opt to the corresponding natural frequency and increasing G to the limiting Value which keeps B positive in the low-σ region.

抄録全体を表示

A new pump-in and pump-out type of gas-lubricated herringbone-grooved journal bearing, which produces a gas film bearing pressure with a shaft or bearing rotation in either direction, is proposed in this paper. A numerical analysis of the bearing characteristics using the narrow groove theory confirmed that the load capacity and the mass of the stable limit of this bearing do not differ greatly from those of a conventional bearing. The values of the optimum bearing parameters which maximize both the load capacity and the mass of the stable limit are also determined numerically for the case of either a grooved member or smooth member rotation.

抄録全体を表示

The mechanism of severe-mild wear transition and the role of wear particles in that process are studied using a pin-on-disk type wear test rig. Wear particles are continuously removed by air pressure. With the removal of wear particles, severe-mild wear transition does not occur. During the wear process, the worn surface of a pin specimen is sometimes observed with the optical microscope. It is observed that a mild wear surface is produced by back transfer of mild wear particles generated in the severe wear mode. onto the friction surface. When the entire area of apparent contact becomes a mild wear surface, the wear mode changes to mild. These results indicate that the mild wear mode is exhibited after the production of a mild wear surface; and that in severe-mild wear transition, Wear particles play the role of oxygen conveyer as an oxide needed for the generation of a mild wear surface.

抄録全体を表示

Annealed S45C carbon steel pins with flat ends were repeatedly impacted upon hardened SUJ2 disks rotating in dry air. The test conditions used were a constant impact energy 0.29 J, sliding speed of 0.055-2.5 m/s and maximum number of impact cycles of 5×10⁵ The impact wear characteristic of the pins was investigated by focusing attention on the wear rate (mm³/cycle) and the changes in the surfaces and subsurfaces. The variation tendency of wear rate with sliding speed was very similar to that of specific wear (mm³/kgf·mm) in sliding friction under a constant load for the same steel. The changes in worn surfaces and subsurfaces with sliding speed observed here were also similar to those in sliding friction without impact load. With repeated impact, however, fatigue cracks leading to flakes were produced in continuous hardlayers of pins and in subsurfaces of disks at high sliding speed, and oxides or oxide films at worn surfaces were broken away.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes the relationship between the friction loss and contact ratio of internal gear drives. Friction loss of internal gear drives with various contact ratios was measured using a power circulating-type internal gear testing machine, by the oil immersion formula, whose method is based on the oil temperature rise due to the power loss in the gear drives. From statistical analysis results for the experimental data, it was found that the friction loss ratio of the internal gear is influenced most by gear speed, and next by contact ratio and that applied torque has no significant effect on the gear friction loss ratio. The gear friction loss ratio has a minimum value at the contact ratio between 1.3 and 1.5. Furthermore, the contact ratio and the friction loss of internal gear drives were calculated, and the effect of the contact ratio on the gear friction loss was discussed.

抄録全体を表示

The existence of chaotic motion in a simple single-degree or two-degree-of-freedom gear model has already been verified numerically by the authors. In this study, the chaotic motion and the influence of a random component on chaos are invesigated using the Poincare map and the power spectrum analysis, since characterizing the chaotic motion in the gear system is an important and interesting problem from the practical viewpoint of estimating the dynamic load or gear noise as well as from an academic perspective of contributing to nonlinear mechanics.

抄録全体を表示

The dynamic increment of a tooth load derived from the new theory is verified by experiment, which is given by a function of two variables, revolution speed and operating load, with a parameter of tooth surface modification, when the dimensions and the tooth-pair spring constant of the gear pair are given. This dynamic incremental load can be used as an index of the dynamic performance of gear pairs, such as noise, vibration and dynamic load, which enables optimum design for the gear noise and the dynamic load.

抄録全体を表示

This study analyzes the effect of temperature and load rate on brittle-ductile transition (B-D-T). The purpose is to control grinding conditions on the basis of an understanding of the micro mechanism of B-D-T. In the study, both indentation and scratching experiments were carried out under various temperatures. The specimen is heated by CO₂ laser beam up to 750°C. The relationships among crack length, temperature and load rate are discussed. The load rate is larger under conditions of low temperature, high speed and heavy load. Larger load rate will cause occurrence of brittle fracture. As a result, it is clarified that B-D-T is affected directly by a specimen's temperature and load fate in addition to the critical depth of cut.

抄録全体を表示

In the cutting process, chatter vibration restricts efficiency, accuracy and automatic manufacturing. There are some studies on adaptive control machining in order to prevent chatter vibration. However, that machining conditions have traditionally been established based on only the experience of skilled workers. They are difficult to estimate quantitatively as the effective databases. It is essential to predict optimum machining conditions with no chatter vibration and maximum efficiency for computer-aided automatic manufacturing. In this report, therefore, mutual relationships among compliance characteristics of the cutting system, the commencing point of chatter vibration and cutting conditions are investigated experimentally in the turning process. As a result, the optimum machining conditions were predicted with some simple verification.

抄録全体を表示

In the 1st report, a new material called ceramics resin concrete was developed for precision machine tool structures. This material consisted of epoxy resin and ceramics. Young's modulus is three times, and the compressive strength two times, that of the conventional resin concrete. It has been pointed out, however, that a designer needs other characteristics in order to design a precision machine tool. Therefore, in this paper, thermal and mechanical characteristics of the ceramics resin concrete have been measured. It is concluded that the thermal conductivity and the thermal diffusivity of this material are less than that of steel, the creep characteristic and the stability of shape over a long period of time are far better than those of conventional concrete, the log decrement is fifty times that of steel, and the fracture toughness is superior to that of ordinary ceramics.

抄録全体を表示

A Collet chuck holder, which can grip various rotary tools such as end mills, milling cutters, thin drills, and boring bars, is one of the most flexible tools. The holder plays a significant role as an interface between machining centers and cutting tools. However, gripping properties have not been clarified as yet. In this study, both gripping torque and gripping pressure are fundamentally investigated, in order to design a holder with high performance. In the experiments, several types of holders are tested. The single roll lock type has higher gripping torque as compared with other types, but its gripping torque is affected by the diameter and the coefficient of friction of the tool shank. In addition, with the use of a newly developed detector, the contact pressure distribution between the inner surface of the holder and the tool shank is measured. The pressure measured by means of the detector shows good agreement with the gripping torque.

抄録全体を表示

Structures which can be modified to make fine adjustments to arbitrary structural surfaces have been investigated in the construction of space structures. Considering the geometrical configuration of these structures, the. same concept might be applied to structures such as those which are used in collecting sunlight. In this paper, we describe a designing method by which to build to build structures that can be extended and adapted to a parabolic structural surface.

抄録全体を表示

This paper introduces the Polya counting theory in combinatorial mathematics to engineering problems which may be encountered in the design of structures. The method is based on the group theory, and is used in counting the number of combinations for shapes and boundary conditions of structured. Two specific examples are demonstrated. The first application is counting in the number of patterns of a mechanical component with holes. The second example deals with the combinations of boundary conditions for composite rectangular plates, and the number of combinations is numerically verified by calculating natural frequencies of the plates.

抄録全体を表示

A diagnostic fuzzy expert system for ultrasonic testing (UT). which has been constructed by the authors indicates good agreement between the results obtained by the system and UT experts. The knowledge is represented in terms of fuzzy production rules, and the result is inferenced by the logical product as a fuzzy connective. This paper attempts to improve the jnference result by selecting fuzzy connectives, and membership functions based on the knowledge from several UT experts. When the fuzzy connective is selected as the algebraic product and the membership functions are modified, the results obtained are superior to previous results.

抄録全体を表示

The state of loading for cranes is investigated quantitatively and practically as the spectrum factor K_P defined by ISO 4301, using the measured values in the operation of the various cranes. Approximation by the beta distribution, which is advantageous for K_P estimation, can be performed on the basis of the hoisting load distribution. A hoisting load distribution to be used for the design of grab-bucket unloaders is presented as a function of the beta distribution. The estimation procedure of stress range distribution of the crane structure members is also investigated from the viewpoint of design. Since the stress range is determined by the random variables of multivariate functions, the first-order approximation can be a useful method at the design stage.

抄録全体を表示

In layout design, a plant must be arranged so as to satisfy various conditions imposed by its components. We have presented a constraint-directed approach for layout design of power plants by representing the conditions as spatial constraints. The constraints are very important for realizing a suitable arrangement, but they depend on the designer's judgment. In this paper, we clarify the causality between constraints and a plant configuration, and develop an automated acquisition system of layout constraints, by describing the causality as production rules. Finally the constraints defined with it are used in the layout design of a nuclear power plant in order to check the causality.

抄録全体を表示