An authentication platform for electronic signature and electronic authentication, which is applied to electronic government, is utilized as the social infrastructures. In this paper, I explain such an authentication platform from technical, legal and business view with internal and external situation. Then, I present future problems.

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To confirm the justice and the ownership of the act of person from the old days, the signature and⁄or the seal impression have been used for wide range applications as the authentication. Today, the verification of person is developing rapidly to confirm the person who has a right to access an information resource by the popularization of the computer and the network. This article, describes Identification(ID)and a password for using the verification of person in the financial system mainly. It explains the ID ⁄ password which have been used by that system because ATM⁄ CD were comparatively early mechanized by magnetic stripe card. And for improving its security, it tells that magnetic card will be replaced by IC card and biometric authentication becomes popular instead of password in the future.

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To make the Digital Society secure and convenience, a new concept of Time Authentication has become a one of the important issues to be addressed. This paper describes the overview of Time Authentication Infrastructure and implementation case study.

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Electrical appliances become to handle digital data and are connected to a network in late years. They are exposed to threats same as PCs by connecting to a network. Then the authentication of electric appliances is effective to keep them from security. Especially appropriate authentication is necessary to prove safety margin as electric appliances used in our daily life. Usages of the authentication method are different by equipping of the appliance's function and connecting style of network. Many kinds of authentication technology and single-sign-on function are available and adaptable for a authentication for electric appliances. High security and wide-use of authentication is necessary to use it in applications by many kinds of electric appliances.

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In a previous report, it was expected that exposure of small-scale roughness with ink vehicle penetration roughened the printed surface of matte-coated paper. The purpose of the present work is to elucidate the post-printing ink micro-dynamics, or microscopic behavior of an ink film immediately after transfer to matte-coated paper. Dynamic print gloss was compared between inks with three different viscosities. For the ink with the highest viscosity, gloss increased initially most slowly of the three inks. The gloss decreased most slowly past the lowest peak. Presumably, for the highest viscosity ink, the ink split pattern formed on the coated paper surface at the printing nip was leveled by fluid flow most slowly, resulting in the initial slowest gloss increase. In order to examine the gloss decrease process, the ink films were solidified with liquid nitrogen at various laps of time after printing, and the ink densities were determined by color-image analysis. Although the ink density distribution immediately after printing was not dependent on the profile of the coated paper, the correlation efficient between the images of paper surface profile and ink density distribution increased with time. This phenomenon supports the mechanism that ink flows along the paper surface geometry with time and builds up at the bottom of valleys resulting in high ink density in there. We confirmed that small-scale roughness due to coating pigments became exposed with time. In short, roughness hidden by ink coverage appeared as the ink film became thinner by vehicle penetration.

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Development of an electronic paper, which has both merits of a paper and electronic displays, is currently carried out eagerly. This study aims to clarify factors of the readability inherent in paper medium; clarified factors will show us good guide lines to realize a readable electronic paper. Experiments were carried out to evaluate effects of medium handling styles, medium weight and displaying area on reading tasks. Hand-held reading style showed superior readability than that of medium-fixed reading style when weight of the medium is within a certain limitation. As for displaying area, maximum readability was shown in the middle of display sizes between those of a typical cellular phone and a typical book of B6 size. It is also shown that the size which brought maximum readability is dependant the documents format: both spaces between characters and between lines.

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In a previous report, we studied the effect on the physical properties of electrodeposited copper plating film for gravure cylinder by using the commercial additive agents(COSMO G series)and verified the validity of the estimation method for the concentration of hardener. Here results on the continuation of the study for the the physical properties of electrodeposited film and the aptitude for engraving are presented. The Vickers hardness and elongation at high current density are similar to the results in a previous report. The concentration of G-1 was estimated using the equation simulated from the multiple regression analysis. The correlation efficient of the applied and estimated concentration of G-1 is 0.941 when the concentration of G-1 varies from 0.5 to 4 ml⁄l. The falling speed of tensile strength by acceleration test at 95°C is about 600∼1, 000 times as fast as that of aging test at 25°C. It was found that the half-life time of tensile strength by the acceleration test can be estimated this by aging test. The relationship between the half-life time of tensile strength and the reciprocal of absolute temperature is linear. This suggests that the time of re-crystallization is due to the applied temperature. When the cylinder is electroplated in G-1 concentration 0.5 ml⁄l and aged at room temperature, the volume of cell(∠0)deviates from that of cylinder which is electroplated in G-1 concentration 1.0 ml⁄l or above. This is because the Vickers hardness falls whereas the elongation increases by aging and the cell shape consequently deteriorates.

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