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Volume 33, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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T MATSUMOTO, M YAMAUCHI, A TAIMURA, E KANEDA, K TSUCHIYA, M SHIMAZU, Y ...1996 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 123-130
Published: December 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo obtain the reference of the tympanic temperature measured with an infrared thermometer (Quick Thermo, Omron), 107 healthy adults were studied. The average tympanic temperature measured with Quick Thermo was 36.88±0.46°C (SD), identical to the oral temperature and was 0.2°C higher than the axillary temperature. The cut-off value of 37.3°C in tympanic temperature, which corresponds to the common cut-off temperature for fever of 37°C in axillary temperature, is practically recommended. If the body temperature is measured with an infrared thermometer after comprehending its peculiar reference, the body temperature is correctly evaluated. The larger variation in the tympanic temperature measured with Quick Thermo than that in the oral or axillary temperature indicates the poor reliability of the infrared thermometer than the mercury-in-glass thermometer. About 5% of the normal population is not suitable for measurement of tympanic temperature with an infrared thermometer because of the hairs in the ear canal and narrow ear canal. Accurate measurement of tympanic temperature requires a skill by the examiner. The infrared thermometer is attractive, because of its safety and rapid reading. Further improvement of the infrared thermometer is expected for more accurate measurement with easier handling.View full abstractDownload PDF (1055K) -
Akihiko NAEMURA, Akio TSUCHIYA, Yoshitaka FUKUOKA, Kaneyuki NAKANE, Hi ...1996 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 131-136
Published: December 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the Seto Inland Sea District, high NO2 concentration are recorded on seaside mountain slope, usually, at the altitude of 100-150m, and it is thought to be one of the causes of forest decline. In this study, temperature profile was determined by the captive balloon at the Miyajima Service Area (140m above sea level) of Sanyo Express Highway on south-facing of the Mt. Gokurakuji, Hiroshima Prefecture, in summer and winter of 1995 in order to investigate the relationship between the inversion layer and atmospheric NOx on the slope of forest decline area. It was found that a clear inversion layer was present at the height of 20m (160m above sea level) during night through early morning. The 12 hours concentration during night-time was 32.2 ppb at an altitude of 150m and 10.7 ppb at 300m in summer, and it was 27.2 ppb at 150m and 4.3 ppb at 300m in winter. These results show that the night-time concentration difference was fairly strong, and it means that the air pollutants are hard to diffuse to the outside of the inversion layer and are trapped below the layer during night-time. It suggests that the chain chemical reactions associated with NO2 are probably promoted in the night-time, and the reactions might cause the forest decline at the low elevation area (100-150m) .View full abstractDownload PDF (798K) -
S YAMANAKA, Y. NAKAMURA1996 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 137-145
Published: December 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYAMANAKA S and NAKAMURA Y. Regional differences in the number of patients for circulatory and respiratory diseases and climatical condition. Jpn. J. Biometeor., 33: 137-145, 1996. -First of all, the total numbers of patients for circulatory and respiratory diseases were estimated by using figures provided by the National Patient Survey and the formula being accepted as useful. Then the patient rates for 9 age classes and the age-adjusted patient rate, for 2 diseases in 47 prefectures, and some climatical conditions were analysed with the multiple regression analysis method. The results are as follows : At the significance level of 5% and less, for circulatory diseases, the average temperature was found to be the only one factor which affect the patient rate over the age of 35 and the age-adjusted patient rate, that is, these patient rates turned out to rise with the descending average temperature. The absolute values of the regression coefficients increased with the rising age classes. But these absolute values tended to decrease every survey in 1984, 1987 and 1990 except for the age over 75. For respiratory diseases, any consistent and reliable results through 3 surveys, in 1984, 1987 and 1990 could not be got.View full abstractDownload PDF (1218K) -
Y OKAYAMA, M KIMURA, T OKUNO, T MORIMOTO1996 Volume 33 Issue 4 Pages 147-155
Published: December 01, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: December 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe daily water balance was studied on hot summer days in 34 healthy aged people (9 males and 25 females; mean age 73.1 years) . 1. The mean total water intake was 2.71/day: 1.61 (60.0%) as drinking water, 0.91 (33.1 %) from foods, and 0.21 (6.9%) as combustion water. Drinking water was taken mostly as Japanese tea and barley tea. 2. The urine volume was 1.31. When the total water excretion is assumed to be equal to the total water intake, 1.41 was considered to have been lost by perspiration. 3. No difference was observed in the results shown in 1 and 2 between males and females. 4. The total water intake was slightly greater than that in the average healthy adult, probably because the water intake increased at the time of the survey due to a heat wave. 5. The urine volume and osmolality were normal so that the subjects are not considered to have been dehydrated. These findings suggest that dehydration can be prevented in aged individuals even during summer by taking 1-2 1 of fluid.View full abstractDownload PDF (1000K)
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