JAPANESE JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
Online ISSN : 1347-7617
Print ISSN : 0389-1313
ISSN-L : 0389-1313
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Volume 44, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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ORIGINAL ARTICLES
  • The relationships between cold tolerance evaluated by cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) and body composition in firefighters
    Yoshihiro Hashimoto, Kiyoshi Moriya, Yoshinori Ohtsuka
    2007 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 81-87
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11227/seikisho.44.81
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    This study aimed to analyze cold tolerance of firefighters working in a cold district and the relationships between their cold tolerance and body composition. Cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) mean skin temperature (MST), temperature at first rise (TFR), time of temperature rise (TTR) and highest temperature (HT) were measured in 62 male firefighters of city S in Hokkaido and compared with two other groups (the first, policemen; the second, Ainu people) who resided in city A which is colder than city S. Body composition was measured with the 8 electrodes and a multi-cycle impedance type body composition analyzer. Firefighters showed significantly higher values of MST, TFR and HT than in the first group, and of MST, TTR and HT than the second group. CIVD indices of firefighters showed a positive correlation with amount of LBM, muscle mass, SMM or %BF, respectively. The correlation coefficient(r) of %BF and CIVD indices was low as compared with muscle mass and others. These results suggest that increasing muscle mass in firefighters may be required to prevent injuries and decreasing activity during firefighting in a cold environments.
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  • Effects of Perfusate Flow and Viscosity on Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Rat Pulmonary Artery
    Kazuhiro Minami, Osamu Kashimura
    2007 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 89-96
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11227/seikisho.44.89
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Background: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is one cause of mountain sickness such as lung edema. However, few studies have examined the effects of increased pulmonary blood flow and viscosity on HPV.
    Objectives: We postulated that increasing blood flow and viscosity inhibit HPV during exercise. We therefore measured pulmonary arterial pressure with stepwise changes of perfusate flow and viscosity under conditions of normoxia (20% O2) and hypoxia (0% O2) in isolated perfused rat arteries. We used a pharmacological inhibitor (L-NAME) to assess whether nitric oxide synthase contributes to flow- and viscosity-induced inhibition of HPV. Methods: Isolated pulmonary arteries were attached to the blood vessel perfusion system and pulmonary arterial pressure was recorded. The perfusate was physiological salt solution (PSS) without or with 5% Dextran (PSSD). The flow rate of the perfusate was increased from 0.03 to 0.0902 mL/g/min in stepwise increments of 0.02 mL/g/min over 5 min during exposure to normoxia and hypoxia.
    Results: The increase in flow and viscosity of both perfusates did not affect HPV. However, increasing flow and viscosity of each perfusate increased HPV after L-NAME administration. Conclusion: We found that HPV might be inhibited by NO release induced by shear stress such as pulmonary blood flow and viscosity, in rat isolated pulmonary arteries.
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  • A study on the relationship between weather conditions and the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage
    Mingji Zhang
    2007 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 97-104
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11227/seikisho.44.97
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between weather conditions and the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage. From 2000 to 2006, 1191 subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were admitted to the Juntendo Hospital or its 6 affiliated hospitals. In addition, weather data were obtained from the Country Environmental Laboratory of IDEA Co., Ltd. Results: (1) The subjects included 421 males, whose average age was 62.1±11.8 (average±SD) and 720 females, whose average age was 68.0±13.6 (average±SD). (2) Among 776 patients recorded at set times, the most were observed at 06:00–10:00, the next at 16:00–20:00, and few at 0:00–06:00. (3) In addition, as for this seasonal variation, young patients were clearer than the senior patients. (4) When the daily mean air temperature on the day before the occurrence was low, the tendency of the occurrence of the disease was high (P<0.05). (5) The occurrence of the disease showed no significant relation with age or history of hypertension, and a positively significant relation with daily temperature change (P<0.05). (6) The occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage did not show significant relation with the average atmospheric pressure, relative humidity or daylight hours of the day before the occurrence.
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NOTES
  • Effects of basking in the forest on physiological responses
    Tomoaki Kozaki, Keita Ishibashi, Kazuhiko Horinouchi, Juri Noguchi, Ka ...
    2007 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 105-110
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11227/seikisho.44.105
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    In this study, the physiological responses were compared in forested and urban environments. A total of 12 young males (age range: 21–27 years) participated in the present study. The experiments were executed in selected environments; viz., an urban site (Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka, Japan) and a Japanese cedar forest (Oguni-town, Kumamoto, Japan). They were instructed to walk in the morning (walking condition) and to sit on the chair in the afternoon (sitting condition), for 20 min in each site. The heart-rate (HR) and blood pressures were measured, and their saliva samples were collected for biochemical analysis, before and after the walking and the sitting. Before the walking, lower HR and higher cardiac vagal index (CVI) of heart rate variability (HRV) were obtained in the forest site compared to the urban site. Lower HR and higher CVI were obtained before and after the sitting in the forest site. In each condition, lower cortisol concentration was found in the forest site. Those findings suggest the favorable physiological effects of basking in the forest.
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  • Health promotion for the elderly with a combination of hot spring bathing and school teaches about health related subjects
    Yoshinori Ohtsuka
    2007 Volume 44 Issue 4 Pages 111-114
    Published: 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: February 07, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11227/seikisho.44.111
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In order to clarify if the combination of hot spring bathing and school teaches about health related subjects is effective for prevention of nursing or falling in the elderly, the present study was performed. Participants for only hot spring bathing were served as a control group. In the study group, one leg standing time with eyes open, functional reach test and six-minute walking distance were improved significantly. Moreover, Physical Function, Bodily Pain and Vitality were also significantly improved by SF-36 test. On the other hand, in the control group, though physical strength and fitness test was not performed, the scores of SF-36 test were not improved. From these findings, combination of hot spring bathing and school teaches about health related subjects are very important to promote healthy life in the elderly.
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