In the previous papers, a new inter-molecular collision scheme “quasi-Nanbu scheme” has been developed and extended to diatomic molecules and gas mixtures in order to create a Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) model on commercial FEM software COMSOL Multiphysics^®. In this work, two application examples, (i) conjugate heat transfer and (ii) hybrid DSMC/Test-particle simulation, are given to demonstrate multiphysics capabilities of the DSMC model.

We study adsorption structures, vibrational frequencies, and an infrared intensity of Pt(111)-H₂O, which has been used a benchmark system for electrochemical metal/water interfaces. First-principles calculations show that the most stable structure is Pt(111) √39×√39-H₂O including 5- and 7-membered rings consistent with experiments. Although the obtained vibrational frequencies are in good agreement with experiments, the adsorption energy and the activation energy of desorption are not accurate enough, indicating that the Pt-H₂O interaction should be improved by more sophisticated first-principles calculations.

We investigate the factors that degrade the conversion efficiency in the crystalline silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cell using hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) and the potential of new materials for the carrier selective contact (CSC). Regarding the emerging transparent conductive oxide film (TCO) used in the SHJ solar cell, the hydrogenated indium oxide (IO:H) with high carrier mobility forms an oxide layer at the IO:H/substrate interface revealed by the evaluation of chemical bonding states by HAXPES, resulting in increasing the contact resistance. Moreover, the IO:H is reduced from the catalyst in the silver electrode paste, and silver oxide tends to form at the electrode/IO:H interface. In addition, the role of MoS₂, a two-dimensional layered material, as a CSC layer was investigated, found that and MoS₂ layer works as an electron selective layer for n-type Si substrate using angle-resolved HAPXES band bending evaluation.

JIS Z 8126-1 Vacuum technology –Vocabulary– Part 1 : General terms, which corresponds to ISO 3529-1 Vacuum technology –Vocabulary– Part 1 : General terms, was amended for the first time in 22 years in 2021 to harmonize with the amendment of ISO 3529-1 in 2019. The committee for the amendment of JIS Z 8126-1, which was mainly composed of members of joint committee for standardization of JVSS and JVIA, worked to prepare the amended draft. Several important amended points such as the definition of “standard reference condition”, “low pressure”, “high pressure” and so on are introduced.